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IDN TLD Program at ICANNSarmad Hussain | IDN Program Sr. Manager | 28 May 2015
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The I* Organizations
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)
Internet Society (ISOC)
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
Internet Architecture Board (IAB)
Regional Internet Registries (RIRs)
Regional TLD Organizations (RTLDOs)
Internet Governance Forum (IGF)
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ICANN
ICANN develops Internet Names and Numbers Policies in a
bottom-up, consensus-driven, multi-stakeholder model
Anyone interested is invited to be part of this process
Administers the Internet Names and Numbers aspects
The “Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)” is the
technical body of such operations
Has three hub offices around the world (Los Angeles, Istanbul,
and Singapore), and several engagement centers
Website at http://icann.org
Online Learning Platform at http://learn.icann.org
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ICANN Offices
Main Location: Los Angeles, California
Hub Offices
Singapore
Istanbul
Other Offices and Engagement Centers:
Washington DC
Brussels
Cairo
…
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ASCII Domain Name Label
www.cafe.com
Second Level
Domain
Top Level
Domain (TLD)
Third Level
Domain
Top Level Domains (TLDs) Domain Stakeholders
ICANN
Registry
Registrar
Reseller
Registrant
End-User
Top Level Domains (TLDs)
Country Code TLDs (ccTLDs)
.sg, .cn, .kh, .la, .mm, .th, .ca, …
Two letter [a..z] codes, reserved for countries
and territories by ISO 3166 standard
Generic TLDs (gTLDs)
.com, .org, .net, .edu, … - organizations
New gTLDs – 1930 applications in 2012
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ASCII Domain Name Label
www.cafe.com
Second Level
Domain
Top Level
Domain (TLD)
Third Level
Domain
Forming ASCII Labels
Use LDH
• Letters [a-z]
• Digits [0-9]
• Hyphen (LDH)
Label length = 63
Other constraints (e.g. on hyphen)
Forming ASCII Labels
Use only Letters
• Letters [a-z]
Label length = 63
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Internationalized Domain Name (IDN) Label
https://youtu.be/wnauGpYh96c
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Internationalized Domain Name (IDN) Labels
ตวัอย่าง۔ไทยIDN Second
Level
Domain
IDN Top
Level
Domain
Syntax of IDN Labels
Valid U-Label: Unicode
code points as
constrained by IDNA2008
Valid A-Label - “xn--”
followed by punycode of
U-Label of length 59
Syntax of IDN Labels
Valid U-Label, further
constrained by the “letter”
principle for TLDs
Valid A-Label
বাাংলাБелالجزائر
հայ中国భారత్한국ලංකා
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IDN TLD Program
Reports and documentation of all completed projects available at:
https://www.icann.org/resources/pages/reports-2013-04-03-en
PH
ASE
1 (
20
11
) Case Studies:
Arabic
Chinese
Cyrillic
Devanagari
Greek
Latin
PH
ASE
2 (
20
11
-12
) Integrated Issues Report
PH
ASE
3 (
20
12
-13
) Projects:
P1 LGR XML Specification
P2.1 LGR Process for the Root Zone
P6 User Experience Study for TLD Variants
PH
ASE
4 (
Sin
ce 2
01
3) Projects:
P1 LGR Specs. and Toolset
P2.2 LGR Development
P7 LGR Implementation
Community agreed to define a Label Generation Rules (LGR)
Identify Issues Define ProblemDetermine
SolutionImplement
Solution
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Label Generation Rules for the Root Zone
For the Root Zone, single “table” containing data for all scripts
As it is a shared resource, must be conservative
Must be stable and secure
For each script or writing system:
Which code points are valid for use?
Are any of these code points variants of each other?
Are the any additional constraints on the labels?
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LGR for the Root Zone
Unicode
… …
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LGR for the Root Zone
Unicode
IDNA2008 – by IETF
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LGR for the Root Zone
Unicode
IDNA2008
Maximal Starting Repertoire – by Integration Panel of ICANN
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LGR for the Root Zone
Unicode
IDNA2008
Maximal Starting Repertoire (MSR)
X X X
X
X X
X
X X X X
X X
X X
LGR Proposal – by Generation Panel of Script Community
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IDN TLD Program
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Label Generation Rules (LGR)
Valid code points
Variants code points
ستانکپا
ستانكپا Label constraints
Cannot mix ک and ك in a label
تہکلک
تہكلك
xتہكلک
xتہکلك
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MSR and LGR for Khmer
1. Which code points from Khmer script must be
included in the Root Zone
Are exclusions from MSR (pink) correct?
What must be included in LGR?
“everyday, general purpose [use ...] in a stable
and widespread manner”
2. Are there any variant code points for Khmer
Two code points when replaced produce labels
considered confusingly similar by an end-user
3. Are there any label-level constraints in Khmer
Well-formedness of a syllable?
Constraints on initial or final position in a label?
Other?
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LGR Specification
LGR machine-readable specifications at
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-davies-idntables
Example: excerpt from MSR-2 XML file … <range first-cp="0780" last-cp="07B0" tag="sc:Thaa" ref="3"/>
<char cp="07B1" tag="sc:Thaa" ref="5"/>
<char cp="08A0" tag="sc:Arab" ref="12"/>
<range first-cp="08A2" last-cp="08AC" tag="sc:Arab" ref="12"/>
<range first-cp="08E4" last-cp="08EF" tag="sc:Arab" ref="12"/>
<range first-cp="08F4" last-cp="08FE" tag="sc:Arab" ref="12"/>
<range first-cp="0901" last-cp="0903" tag="sc:Deva" ref="0"/>
<char cp="0904" tag="sc:Deva" ref="6"/>
<range first-cp="0905" last-cp="0939" tag="sc:Deva" ref="0"/>
<range first-cp="093A" last-cp="093B" tag="sc:Deva" ref="11"/>
<char cp="093C" tag="sc:Deva" ref="0"/>
<range first-cp="093E" last-cp="094D" tag="sc:Deva" ref="0"/>
<char cp="094F" tag="sc:Deva" ref="11"/>
<range first-cp="0956" last-cp="0957" tag="sc:Deva" ref="11"/>
<char cp="0972" tag="sc:Deva" ref="9"/>
<range first-cp="0973" last-cp="0977" tag="sc:Deva" ref="11"/>
<range first-cp="0979" last-cp="097A" tag="sc:Deva" ref="10"/>
<range first-cp="097B" last-cp="097C" tag="sc:Deva" ref="8"/>
<range first-cp="097E" last-cp="097F" tag="sc:Deva" ref="8"/>
<range first-cp="0981" last-cp="0983" tag="sc:Beng" ref="0"/>
…
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LGR Toolset
Toolset functional priority
Create LGR
Easy end-user interface
Use LGR
Validate label
Determine variants
Manage LGRs
Difference
Union
…
Open source
LGR ToolCode Point Rules
Variant Rules
WLE Rules
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Root Zone LGR Procedure
GenerationPanel
GenerationPanel
Integration Panel
Unified LGR for
the Root Zone
One Generation Panel per script or
writing system
Propose
Reject / Accept Reject / Accept
Integrate
Generation Panels – Generate proposals for script
specific LGRs, based on community
expertise and requirements
Integration Panel– Integrates them into common Root
Zone LGR while minimizing the risk
to Root Zone as shared resource
Label Generation Rules (LGR)– Which labels are permissible
– Which variant labels exist
– Which variant labels may be allocated
TO BE FORMED BY SCRIPT COMMUNITIES
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Root Zone LGR Development Status
Get Involved:
Speak up for your language
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How to get involved?
Volunteer for your script Generation Panel (GP)
To contribute expertise, contribute to the GP for your script. You
can get involved by simply emailing your CV and a brief statement
of interest to [email protected]
Volunteer
Review
Listen
Review work through public comments
Sign up for the IDN mailing list [email protected] (to sign up, visit
https://mm.icann.org/listinfo/vip) and participated in the review of
IDN work being done at ICANN through the public comments
Keep yourself updated
Attend regular IDN Program Update sessions at ICANN meetings
and sign up on the IDN mailing list [email protected] to get updates
on the IDN Program at ICANN
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Useful Links for IDN Program @ ICANN
• To join a Generation Panel for your language, submit CV and statement of
interest at: [email protected]; Call for Generation Panels:
http://www.icann.org/en/news/announcements/announcement-11jul13-en.htm
• LGR Document Repository:
https://community.icann.org/display/croscomlgrprocedure/Document+Repository
• Community Wiki for LGR Project:
https://community.icann.org/display/croscomlgrprocedure/Root+Zone+LGR+Proje
ct
• IDN ccTLD Fast Track Page: https://www.icann.org/resources/pages/string-
evaluation-completion-2014-02-19-en
• IDN Implementation Guidelines:
https://www.icann.org/resources/pages/implementation-guidelines-2012-02-25-en
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Reach us at: Sarmad Hussain
Email: [email protected]
Website: icann.org
Thank You and Questions
gplus.to/icann
weibo.com/ICANNorg
flickr.com/photos/icann
slideshare.net/icannpresentations
twitter.com/icann
facebook.com/icannorg
linkedin.com/company/icann
youtube.com/user/icannnews
Engage with ICANN
Next Steps for Khmer
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Next Steps
Develop
Proposal to
Form Khmer GP
Schedule
Fortnightly
Meetings
Select Code
Point
Repertoire
Conduct
Variant
Analysis
Determine
any Label
Level Rules
Write-up
Khmer LGR
Proposal
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1. General information
2. Proposed initial composition of panel
3. Work plan
4. Other information
Develop LGR Proposal for Khmer Panel
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1.1 Script for which the panel is to be established
List the ISO 15924 script code (from
http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html) plus the
English and native names of script.
1.2 Principal languages using that script
List Language code and name for each (from ISO 639-3)
1.3 Geographic territories or countries with significant user
communities for the script
1.4 Are there related scripts? If so, which ones?
Scripts that could be covered by a different panel, but are
structurally or historically related. For example, Cyrillic
proposal should refer to commonality with Latin and Greek.
LGR Panel Proposal: General Information
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LGR Panel Proposal: Panel Composition
Name Role Designation OrganizationRelevant
Experience
Chair
Member
Panel experience to cover
Unicode
Linguistics
Policy
IDN / IDNA
Community use
Next Steps
Gather information
CV / Resume
Statement of Interest
Select Chair
Select Panel Secretary
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LGR Panel Proposal: Work Plan
Activity Description Duration
Develop PrinciplesPrinciples to be used to determine valid code
points, variants and labels?
Determine Code
Points
Select the code points from MSR which are
needed for Root Zone LGR?
Determine (any)
Variants
From the codes points selected, determine if the
end-user may confuse two code points?
Determine Label
Rules
Determine if there are any label level constrains
on the use of selected code points?
Write Proposal and
Create XML
Write up the Root Zone LGR proposal, including
references to each code point included, why
variants needed and details of label rules
developed + XML file
?
Submit Get Public Comments, Finalize and Submit ?
