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Health and agro-ecosystems

Delia GraceProgram Manager: Agriculture associated diseaseInternational Livestock Research Institute

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Overview

Integrative approaches to health

EcoZD contribution to global thinking on health at the interface

New CGIAR research program on agriculture and health

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One Health - the collaborative effort of multiple disciplines to attain optimal health for people, animals, and our environment.

Ecohealth - systemic, participatory approaches to understanding and promoting health and well-being in the context of social and ecological interactions.

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Evolution of integrative approaches

EcoHealth OneHealth

Healthy people + Healthy environments + Healthy animals

Hazards VBD, pollutants EID, zoonoses

Disciplines Ecology, sociology Vet med, economics, sociology

Origin American European

Focus Research 4 Development Disease control

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Human health

Societies, cultures, Economies, institutions, Policies

Agroecosystem health

AnimalHealth

Vet Pub

Health

EcoHealth

One medicine

ONE HEALTH

Wildlife health

Plant health

EH/OH for Development

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Bellagio group

USAID

Stone Mountain CDC

Inter-ministerial

Melbourne OH

ARIs• STPH• Minnesota/Tufts/UCDavis/Guelph• ITM/Uppsala/RVC

Afrique oneOHECA ICOPHAI

International• FAO• OIE• WHO• WB

EHRC

Chatham houseIDRC

Ecohealth Alliance EcoHealth Kunming

SACIDS

Ecohealth COP

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Essentials

Social

Political Economic

Ecological

Integrative

Engagement & participation

Systems (agro, ecology…)

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Challenges Specification – broad definition Proliferation - Creating new structures easier than

de-commissioning old Projectisation – projects most successful Added value - Getting ahead of the evidence-base:

little information on CB/CE of OH versus conventional

Added effort - Ignoring the costs and barriers – OH requires considerable change & investment in change

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Promise of One Health

Conceptually credible and convincing Increasing participation and relevance by greater

inclusiveness Improving delivery through sharing information and

resources Improving cost effectiveness, through identification

of cross over and realising economies of scale Promoting innovation, by bringing together people

from different perspectives

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EcoZD contribution to emerging global integrative health agenda

Individual research findings

Synthesis of findings across projects

Tools, methodologies, manuals

Understanding change processes

Evidence for uptake

Ecohealth/OH resource centers

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EcoZD avenues to influence

Conferences– Ecohealth Kunming– One Health Thailand– ISVEE

Linking with other initiatives

FBLI, Respond

Linking with programs and actors

Communicating to key stakeholders

Briefs, media, articles, working papers

Linking to CRP 4

Social Behavior Change and Communications

All components

Enhancing Nutrition along

the Value Chain

Component 1

Prevention , Control of Ag-

Associated Diseases Component 3

BiofortificationComponent 2

Integrated Programs and

PoliciesComponent 4

Health

Nutrition

Agriculture

RESULT: A better nourished, healthier population

Risk of AADIncome &

gender equity

Labor productivity

CRP4 Conceptual Framework

Availability, access, intake

of nutritious, safe foods

Knowledge of nutrition, food safety

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Rich Poor0

20

40

60

80

100

Infectious disease

40% disease is infectious

one fifth of this from animals (8%)

Half of this is zoonotic..

4% disease is infectious

one two hundredth of this from animals

one thousandth of total burden zoonotic

Agriculture associated disease

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Food-borne diseaseSafe Food, Fair food

0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

1,400,000

1,600,000

1,800,000

Cas

es p

er y

ear

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Most diseases (>60%) are zoonotic– 8% of disease burden in ldc is zoonotic or recently emerged– 4 diseases cause more than 80% of this burden

75% of EID zoonotic– One new disease every 7 mths

Zoonoses & EID

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Other health risks of agro-ecosystems

Water associated disease

Drug resistance

Occupational disease

Failure to regulate disease in agro-ecosystems

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CRP4 key research areas

Measuring, mapping, monitoring Epidemiology, attribution, drivers, transmission New diagnostics, vaccines technologies Interventions and impact assessment Up-scale, out-scale, policy

1. Improved understanding of the gender-disaggregated risks and livelihood impacts of AADs by farmers and key stakeholders.

2. Increased understanding of the poverty, social, gender, and behavioral determinants of adoption of risk-mitigating measures among key stakeholders

3. New One Health/multidisciplinary partnerships that multiply and scale up the results of CGIAR research, leading to better assessment and management of AAD

4. Change in awareness, assessment, and management of the risks of AAD attributable to CGIAR research

5. Wide use of new technologies for better assessing, diagnosing, preventing, and managing AAD, attributable to CGIAR research

Outputs

Outcomes

Reduction in the multiple burdens associated with agricultural diseases

Impacts

Cr

oss

-cu

ttin

g:

Ca

pa

cit

y b

uil

din

g &

co

mm

un

ica

tio

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PRIORITIZE & SYSTEMS UNDERSTANDING• System descriptions

• Stakeholder analyses

• Identification and prioritizing of risks and research

RISK & SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT• Health risk assessments

• Poverty, gender, economic & environment assessments

• Risk factors & control points

INNOVATION & RISK-BASED MANAGEMENT• Innovations (technological,

organizational, and social)

• Assessments of impact

• Contributions to policy

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Locations

ZoonosesNeglected populationsKenya UgandaS Asia SE ASIA

EID Kenya West AfricaSE Asia

Mycotoxins Kenya Tanzania SSA

FBDIndia, Vietnam, UgandaCRP 3.7 VC

Programs Value chains

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Agriculture associated disease in SE Asia

Health risks (human & animal) in the pork value chain Vietnam

Participatory epidemiologyNutrition and health lens to analyze

VCSafe food, fair food for SE AsiaBuilding on EcoZD

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Questions?