Computer network designing

Done by

Aboubacar III ECS

Definition:

A a computer network is a group of computers that are connected together to communicate and share resource such as files , printers , and emails. Networks include network media , such as a cable , to carry network data ; network adapter hardware to translate the data between the computers and the network media ; an network operating system to enable the computer recognize the network ; and network protocol to control the network communication.

TYPES OF NETWORK :

1.Personal area network (PAN) 2.Local area network (LAN) 3.Metropolitan area network

(MAN) 4.Wide area network (WAN)  

1-LAN

2- WAN

3-MAN

Network topologies :

1-Star topology

2- Bus Topology

3- Ring Topology

4- Mesh Topology :

• Logical Topologies :

1- Work Group Model.

2- Client /Server Model :

TCP/IP protocol :

Transmission control/internet protocol is an nonproprietary , routable network protocol that enable computers to communicate over all types of network.

IP address : An IP address is a 32 binary number assigned

to a computer on a TCP/IP network . some of the bits represent the network segment ; the other bits represent the computer or node itself and it is separated by dots into 8 bits octets.

• Network Operating System:

Windows server 2008 :

Is a network operating system released by Microsoft in 2008 and is widely used in LAN network. Windows Server 2008, built with web and virtualization technologies, is the most robust, secure, and reliable foundation on which to develop, deliver, and manage rich user experiences and applications

Active Directory Domain Services:

A directory is a hierarchical structure that stores information about objects on the network. A directory service, such as AD DS, provides the methods for storing directory data and making this data available to network users and administrators. For example, AD DS stores information about user accounts, such as names, passwords, phone numbers, and so on, and enables other authorized users on the same network to access this information

DNS

DNS is a name resolution protocol for TCP/IP networks, such as the Internet or an organization network. A DNS server hosts the information that enables client computers to resolve easily recognized, alphanumeric DNS names to the IP addresses that computers use to communicate with each other.

DNS

DNS is a name resolution protocol for TCP/IP networks, such as the Internet or an organization network. A DNS server hosts the information that enables client computers to resolve easily recognized, alphanumeric DNS names to the IP addresses that computers use to communicate with each other.

DHCP DHCP is an IP standard for simplifying management of host

IP configuration. The DHCP standard provides for the use of DHCP servers as a way to manage dynamic allocation of IP addresses and other related configuration details for DHCP-enabled clients on your network.

Every computer on a TCP/IP network must have an unique IP address. The IP address (together with its related subnet mask) identifies both the host computer and the subnet to which it is attached. When you move a computer to a different subnet, the IP address must be changed. DHCP allows you to dynamically assign an IP address to a client from a DHCP server IP address database on your local network.

For TCP/IP-based networks, DHCP reduces the complexity and amount of administrative work involved in reconfiguring computers

Terminal services : With Terminal Services, organizations can provide access to

Windows®-based programs from almost any location to almost any computing device.

There are two modes of terminal services : Terminals services session

Disconnect session If the session is disconnected all programs will continue in

the background and the user can reconnect to same session

Logoff session If the session is logged off then all programs will be closed

and next time new session will be established

Network deployment : Configurations and installations : A-IP configuration : To configure a static IP address on a computer running

Windows Server 2008 1. Click Start, and then click Control Panel. 2. In Control Panel, verify that Classic View is selected, and

then double-click Network and Sharing Center. 3. In Network and Sharing Center, in Tasks, click Manage

Network Connections. 4. In Network Connections, right-click the network

connection that you want to configure, and then click Properties.

5. In Local Area Connection Properties, in This connection uses the following items, select Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4), and then click Properties. The Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) Properties dialog box opens.

Joining Computers to the Domain

To join computers running Windows Server 2008 and Windows Vista to the domain:

1. Log on to the computer with the local Administrator account. 2. Click Start, right-click Computer, and then click Properties. The

System dialog box opens. 3. In Computer name, domain, and workgroup settings, click

Change settings. The System Properties dialog box opens. Note On computers running Windows Vista®, before the System

Properties dialog box opens, the User Account Control dialog box opens, requesting permission to continue. Click Continue to proceed.

4. Click Change. The Computer Name/Domain Changes dialog box opens.

5. In Computer Name, in Member of, select Domain, and then type the name of the domain you want to join. For example, if the domain name is example.com, type example.com.

6. Click OK. The Windows Security dialog box opens.

7. In Computer Name/Domain Changes, in User name, type the user name, and in Password, type the password, and then click OK. The Computer Name/Domain Changes dialog box opens, welcoming you to the domain. Click OK.

8. The Computer Name/Domain Changes dialog box displays a message indicating that you must restart the computer to apply the changes. Click OK.

9. On the System Properties dialog box, on the Computer Name tab, click Close. The Microsoft Windows dialog box opens, and displays a message, again indicating that you must restart the computer to apply the changes. Click Restart Now.

 

6. In Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) Properties, on the General tab, click Use the following IP address. In IP address, type the IP address that you want to use.

7. Press tab to place the cursor in Subnet mask. A default value for subnet mask is entered automatically. Either accept the default subnet mask, or type the subnet mask that you want to use.

8. In Default gateway, type the IP address of your default gateway.

9. In Preferred DNS server, type the IP address of your DNS server. If you plan to use the local computer as the preferred DNS server, type the IP address of the local computer.

10. In Alternate DNS Server, type the IP address of your alternate DNS server, if any. If you plan to use the local computer as an alternate DNS server, type the IP address of the local computer.

11. Click OK, and then click Close.

Creating of Users Accounts in Active Directory:

To create a user account 1. Click Start, click Administrative Tools, and then click

Active Directory Users and Computers. The Active Directory Users and Computers MMC opens. If it is not already selected, click the node for your domain. For example, if your domain is example.com, click example.com.

2. In the details pane, right-click the folder in which you want to add a user account.

Where? • Active Directory Users and Computers/domain

node/folder 3. Point to New, and then click User. 4. In First name, type the user's first name. 5. In Initials, type the user's initials. 6. In Last name, type the user's last name.

7. Modify Full name to add initials or reverse the order of first and last names.

8. In User logon name, type the user logon name. Click Next.

9. In New Object - User, in Password and Confirm password, type the user's password, and then select the appropriate password options.

10. Click Next, review the new user account settings, and then click Finish.

Thank you