Climate change action strategies

Climate Change Action Strategies

February 24, 2009

Brad Chase

[email protected]

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Outline

• About GCBL - Climate Change Project

• Cleveland Carbon Fund

• CO2 Emissions Overview – US, Ohio, NEO

• Building Sector CO2 Emissions

• Action Plans, BOMA Goals

• CMNH – Inventory, Energy Audit, Actions

• Questions

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Partners

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Cleveland Carbon Fund

• Community Partners– Sustainability program and goals

– Commitment to reducing emissions and promoting Fund within organization and with customers

– Contact [email protected] for more information

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CO2 Emissions Overview

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CO2 Stabilization TriangleS

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Source: Princeton Stabilization Wedges, http://www.princeton.edu/~cmi/resources/stabwedge.htm

Examples of Wedges:

1. Efficient vehicles2. Reduced use of vehicles3. Efficient buildings4. Efficient coal power plants5. Gas instead of coal power plants6. Capture CO2 at baseloadpower plant7. Nuclear power for coal power8. Wind power for coal power9. PV power for coal power10. Capture CO2 at H2 plant11. Capture CO2 at coal-to-synfuels plant12. Wind H2 in fuel-cell car for gasoline in hybrid car

CO2 Stabilization Wedges

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.US emits 7 billion tons of CO2 equivalents per year

(excluding land use and forestry changes)

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Perspective…The United States emits 20% of world’s CO2 emissions.

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1. Charting the Midwest: An Inventory and Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in America’s Heartland, World Resources Institute, October 2007, p.2.

“The Midwest is responsible for 5 percent of global GHGs – a contribution larger than all countries, except China, Russia, and India”1

Ohio: 280 – 300 Million Tons of CO2 e emissions

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U.S. Energy Use

INDUSTRY25%

TRANSPORTATION27%

BUILDINGS48%

Source: Energy Information Administration Statistics (Architecture 2030)

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Collateral Benefits of Action• Climate Change is the big issue, but sustainable development

practices can help achieve other goals related to:

– Air emissions

– Stormwater runoff

– Materials conservation

– Land and habitat conservation

– Save $

– Economic and community development

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Northeast Ohio Emissions

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Northeast Ohio CO2 Emissions by Sector

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7-County Buildings Emissions

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Energy Pricing Trends

Solar Photovoltaic Industry: Solar PV industry outlook and economicsDeutsche Bank, May 27, 2008

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How many nuclear plants would we need in 2030?

http://www.gcbl.org/energy/regional-agenda/climate-change/transition-plans/energy-transition-plan/can-nuclear-power-meet-our-needs-for-co2-

free-powe

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Abatement cost <$50/ton

U.S. mid-range abatement curve (McKinsey – 2030)

Source: McKinsey analysis

0

0 1.0 1.2 1.4

90

1.8 2.00.2 2.2 2.4

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2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2

60

-120

-220

-30

-60

1.6

-90

Cost

Real 2005 dollars per ton CO2e

0.4 0.6 0.8

-230

Residential electronics

Commercial electronics

Residential buildings –Lighting

Commercial buildings –

LED lighting

Fuel economy packages – Cars

Commercial buildings –CFL lighting

Cellulosic

biofuels

Industry –Combined heat and power

Existing power plant conversion efficiency improvements

Conservation tillage

Fuel economy packages – Light trucks

Commercial buildings –Combined heat and power

Coal mining –Methane mgmt

Commercial buildings –Control systems

Distributed

solar PV

Residential buildings –Shell retrofits

Nuclear new-build

Natural gas and petroleum systems management

Active forest management

Afforestation of pastureland

Reforestation

Winter cover crops

Onshore wind – Medium penetration

Coal power plants – CCS new builds with EOR

Biomass power –Cofiring

Onshore wind –

High penetration

Industry –CCS new builds on carbon-intensive processes

Coal power plants – CCS new builds

Coal power plants –CCS rebuilds

Coal-to-gas shift – dispatch of existing plants

Car hybridi-zation

Commercial buildings –HVAC equipment efficiency

Solar CSP

Residential buildings –HVAC equipment efficiency

Industrial process improve-ments

Residential water heaters

Manufacturing –HFCs mgmt

Residential buildings –New shell improvements

Coal power plants–CCS rebuilds with EOR

Potential

Gigatons/year

Commercial buildings –New shell improvements

Afforestation of cropland

Onshore wind –

Low penetration

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BOMA Goals

• Decrease energy consumption 30% by 2012

• Benchmark with Energy Star

• Education

• Perform energy audit

• Extend equipment life

• Lead in community

• Position as leaders and solution providers

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Energy Star Program

• Homes are at least 15% more energy efficient than homes built to the 2004 International Residential Code (IRC), and include additional energy-saving features that typically make them 20–30% more efficient than standard homes.

• “Tried and True” approach.

• Utilize existing and proven technologies to achieve:

– Effective Insulation

– High Performance Windows

– Building and Duct Sealing

– Efficient HVAC Systems

– Efficient Products

– Third Party Verification (Builder Option Package – choose climate specific solutions)

Source: http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=new_homes.nh_features

Commercial and industrial facilities are scored on a 1-100 scale and those facilities that achieve a score of 75 or higher are eligible for the ENERGY STAR, indicating that they are among the top 25% of facilities in the country for energy performance.

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$14 billion$5 billionNet Savings (USD)

170 billion62 billionEnergy Saved (kWh)Annual Results

3,200545Buildings Labeled

30,0004,200Buildings RatedCommercial Buildings

3,5001,600Home Builders

725,00025,000New Homes BuiltNew Homes

90025Retailers (partners)

68%40%Public Awareness

40,00011,000Product Models

50+40Product Categories

2 billion +600 millionProducts Sold

Qualified Products

20062000Indicator

Energy Star Program Key Indicators

Energy Star Program Results

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Energy Star Program

2007 Energy Star Homes by State

Source: http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=qhmi.showHomesMarketIndex

Over 120,000 new homes earned the ENERGY STAR in 2007.

This is equivalent to:Eliminating the emissions from 60,000 vehiclesSaving 355,680,000 lbs of coalPlanting 97,000 acres of treesSaving home owners $54 million on their utility bills

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Residential Energy Services Network (RESNET)

Approved by the RESNET Board of Directors.

Status

HERS Index of 85 in climate zones 1–5HERS Index of 80 in climate zones 6–8

ENERGY STAR Requirement

Heating, cooling, water heating, lighting, appliances, and onsite power generation*

Energy Use Considered

Each 1% increase in energy efficiency corresponds to a 1-point decrease in HERS Index

Scale

2006 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC)

Reference Home Basis

Reference Home is assigned a HERS Index of 100, while a net zero energy home is assigned a HERS Index of 0

Reference Home Score

HERS Index

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Cleveland Museum of Natural History

Carbon FootprintEnergy AuditAction Steps

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CMNH Carbon Footprint (2007)

100.00%4,560.152,587.80TOTAL

17.12%780.97,731.90Scope 3 Totals

6.40%291.93,496.40Scope 2 T&D Losses

1.54%70.2-Solid Waste

1.02%46.5646.8Other Directly Financed Travel

3.95%179.9913.1Faculty/Staff Air Travel

0.47%21.6300.3Volunteer Commuting

3.75%170.82,375.30Faculty/ Staff CommutingScope 3

64.73%2,951.6035,352.60Scope 2 Totals

64.73%2,951.6035,352.60Purchased ElectricityScope 2

18.15%827.559,503.22Scope 1 Totals

7.07%322.3 -Refrigerants

0.20%9.3 129.9 Direct Transportation

10.88%495.9 9,373.3 Other On-Campus StationaryScope 1

%eCO

2(Metric Tonnes)

Energy Consumption(MMBtu)

GreenCityBlueLake Institute Analysis utilizing Clean Air-Cool Planet Calculator

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CMNH Electricity Audit

CMNH Hours of Operation vs. Electricity Consumption

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Month

Ho

urs

of

Op

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tio

n

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100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

kW

h

2008 Hours of Operation

2008 kWh

18 yr Average kWh

2007 kWh

2005 kWh

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• Lighting Load (25% of total)

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• Motors / HVAC (65% of total)

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• Plug Load (10% of total)

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CMNH Action Steps

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Questions

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How effective do you think the carbon credits or renewable energy credits can be?

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How effective do you think the carbon credits or renewable energy credits can be?

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What impact can we make by planting trees or by not cutting them down to vacuum up the CO2 in the atmosphere?

• Each acre of land can absorb between .5 and 5 tons of CO2 per year depending on plantings and soil

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How significant is the removal of tropical rainforests and other forests compared to automobile exhaust in terms of rising CO2 levels?

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Brad Chase

[email protected]

http://www.gcbl.org

Technology

Climate change action strategies