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Overview of Calit2 work in International R&D collaboration focus on India
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The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Calit2 GlobalThe Internationalization of the Academic, Public,
Private Partnership
Jerry SheehanCalifornia Institute for Telecommunications
and Information Technology
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Presentation Overview
• What is Calit2?
• Why is Calit2 Interested in International Partnerships?
• What makes Calit2 Unique in Our Approach?
• Unique Facilities Overview
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
What is Calit2? UC San Diego and UC Irvine California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology
• 220 Faculty and Researchers
• New Funding Model (4 Years)– State $100M– Industry $140M– Private $30 M– Campus $30M– Federal $100-200M– Total $400-500M
• One of four awarded– CNSI, CITRIS, QB3
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Cal-(IT)2 Research Framework:Applications Focus Areas
Materials & Devices
Networked Infrastructure
Environment & Civil
Infrastructure
Intelligent Transportation
Digitally Enabled Genomic Medicine
New Media Arts
Interfaces & Software Systems
Policy, Management & Socioeconomic Evolution
Ed
uca
tion
Ind
ust
ry
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
• 102 Distinct Faculty from 23 departments– ECE, CSE, BioEng, MAE, SE– Cal-(IT)² (ORU), IGPP, IR/PS, 6th College– Math, Physics, Bio, Chem/Biochem,
GeoSci– CogSci, Communication, Econ,
Psychology– Medicine, Neuroethology, Neuroscience,
Visual Arts, Music• 94 graduate students (fellowships and
GSRs)– BioEng, CSE, ECE, MAE– Math, Physics, Mat Sci– Econ, IR/PS, – History, Literature, Music, Political
Science, Visual Arts• 20 undergraduate students
– BioEng, CSE, ECE, – Biology, Math, Chem/BioChem, Physics,
SIO, Music, Neuroethology
Calit2 Academic Overview:Inherently Multi and Interdisciplinary
• 45 faculty receiving funding directly through Cal-(IT)² sponsored research projects
• 33 faculty supervising Cal-(IT)² graduate fellowship recipients
• 16 faculty supervising Cal-(IT)² undergraduate summer scholarships
• 17 faculty receiving matching funds from Cal-(IT)²
• 13 faculty self-identifying research projects as related to the Cal-(IT)² mission
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Calit2 Industrial Partners:Partnering with the Private Sector
Akamai BoeingBroadcomAMCC CAIMISCompaqConexant Copper Mountain EmulexEnterprise Partners VCEntropiaEricssonGlobal PhotonHNSHPIBMIntersilIrvine SensorsLeap WirelessLitton IndustriesMedExpert Merck Microsoft
Mission VenturesNCR
Newport CorporationOrincon
Panoram Technologies Printronix
QUALCOMMQuantum
R.W. Johnson Pharmaceutical RISAIC
SciFrameSeagate Storage
Silicon Wave Sony
STMicroelectronicsSun Microsystems
TeraBurst Networks Texas InstrumentsUCSD Healthcare The Unwired Fund
WebEx
Over 40 CompaniesCommitting Over
$140 MillionIn Four Years!
ComputersCommunications
SoftwareSensors
BiomedicalStartups
Venture Firms
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Why is Calit2 Interested in International Partnerships?
• Globalization of Science and Engineering– Science and engineering are increasingly global
• Calit2 Industrial Partners are Increasingly Operating in the Global Marketplace– Calit2 Partners in India
• An Emerging Global Technology Infrastructure for Research Collaboration at the Speed of Light– Optical Networks and Virtual HD Telepresence
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Globalization of Science and Engineering
• New Science and Engineering Phds are Increasingly International– The EU already produces almost 1.5 PHds for every American S&E PhD, China is also quickly rising
• International Scientific Publications with Co-Authorship– Without regards to geographic region there has been a substantial increase in international co-authorship in academic
research and technical publications.
• U.S. Patents: American inventors account for 52% of all patents granted. Foreign patent applications have grown from 44% (96) to 48% (03).
– Top five countries are Japan, Germany, Taiwan, South Korea, and France.
– India patent applications in 1990=58 in 2000=1200
International S&E PhD International Scientific Co-Authorship
Source: Richard Freeman, National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2005
Source: National Science Indicators, National Science Board, 2006 Source: National Science Indicators, National Science Board, 2006
US Patents, Country of Origin
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Global Research and Development Investment is Increasing
Source: National Science Board, National Science Indicators 2006
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Global Technological Competitiveness
Source: National Science Board, National Science Indicators 2006
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Calit2 Industrial Partners See the World as Flat and India as a Global Partner
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
An Emerging Global Technology Infrastructure for Research Collaboration at the Speed of Light
• Global photonic research networks are becoming increasingly interconnected– iGrid 2005 in San Diego
• These “light”networks allow for data intensive computing and telepresence in ways never possible before.– First trans-pacific super high
definition telepresence in the World.
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Objectives for Calit2 Global Initiatives
1. Extend our expertise in understanding the academic,
public, and private collaborative research model to the
emerging global realities of science and engineering.
2. Take advantage of unique research opportunities by
engaging with various international social, economic, and
technological ecosystems.
3. Earn a reputation for leadership based on creating an
infrastructure (human and technical) that enhances
collaboration between US and International Partners.
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Federal, State, and Private Investment Drives Research and Development at American Universities
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
The American Engine of Innovation:University and Industrial Research Collaboration
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Why is Calit2 Unique?The Intersecton of Academic, Public, and Private Research
Academic
Government Industrial
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Classic University Approach to Technology Transfer and the Prototyping Chasm
Research and Development
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
The Calit2 Technology Transfer Model: Expanding the University Bridge to Industry
Research, Development, and Deployment
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Calit2: Private Sector Research Partnerships
• Advanced Radio Architecture and Circuit Development (Intersil) – PI: Lawrence Larson
• Advanced Data Acquisition (Intersil)– PI: Bang-Sup Song
• Advanced Power Amplifier Structures (Intersil)– PI: Peter Asbeck
• Power management in Communication Devices (Intersil)– PI: Ramesh Rao
• Transmit Diversity and Beam forming Methods for Wireless Communication (Intersil) – PI: Bhaskar Rao/Paul Siegel
• Multiple Antenna Systems for Wireless Communications (Ericsson)– PI: Bhaskar Rao, James Zeidler, Robert Bitmead
• CDMA Systems (Ericsson)– PI: Milstein, Siegel. Zeger, Cosman
• Adaptive Systems (Ericsson)– PI: R. Rao, Cruz, Cosman, Dey, Voelker)
• Coding and Detection Methods for High Speed Data Transmission (AMCC)– PI: Paul Siegel, Alexander Vardy
• Optical Components for Next Generation Optical Switching (AMCC)– PI: Shaya Fainman, Sadik Esener
• Channel Characterization of Optical Links (AMCC)– PI: Sadik Esener, Shaya Fainman
• Optical Interconnects for on-board communications (IBM)– PI: Sadik Esener, Shaya Fainman
• Multi-frame Video Enhancement Algorithm (SkyWorks)– PI: Truong Nguyen
• A Framework for Provably Correct Component Compositions– PI: Rajesh Gupta (Conexant)
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Calit2 Success: From Basic Research to Prototype, Ericsson
• Sponsored Research– $ 6.2 million total including UC
Discovery match– 17 Professors (ECE, CSE, MAE) , 17
students, 4 post-docsLinear Power Amplifiers for 3G ApplicationsAdaptive SystemsCDMA SystemsMulti-Antenna Wireless Communications Systems
• 27 Student Fellowships• Researchers• Infrastructure
– 1XRTT base station– Always Best Connected tool
• Collaborations– Magnus Almgren: ECE coursed in
“Radio Networks and Simulation Models”
– Rajesh Mishra– Bluetooth Hands On Course– Spectrum workshop
• New activities spawned– RESCUE (NSF: $12.5 million)– WIISARD (NIH: $4.5 million)– WHYNET (NSF: $5.5 million)
Microlink
Ericsson
UCSD
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Calit2 Success: Living Laboratories with Qualcomm
• First US Taste of 3G Cellular Internet– HDR Beta Test Site at UCSD Jacobs School– Verizon just deployed EV-DO in San Diego
and Washington DC• Linking to 802.11 Mobile “Bubble”
– Tested on Campus CyberShuttle• Digital content• Cybershuttle2 • Displays, PC platform, Audio
– Location, music, multimodal access
Rooftop Qualcomm 1xEV Access Point
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Calit2 Success: Functional Prototype, CalRADIO
• CalRADIO-I– Digital Signaling Processor + ARM– Operating System – RF WiFi (802.11x) Chip Set– MAC Functionality into 'C' Code – A Test Instrument, An Access Point, And
A WiFi Client• CalRADIO-II
– Gather Requirements and Specifications
– Layer 1 to Layer 7 Software Access– Several RF Front-End Modules
• 802.11x• 802.16• Cell• General RF General Development Platform
For Physical to Application Layers of Wireless Design
Physical layer
Link layer
Network layer
Transport
Session layer
Presentation
Application
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Internal Components
DSP Board
RF Module
Mezzanine Connector
Breakout Connector
RF Connector
TI µP
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Firmware Functionality
Firmware Modification Functionality ChangeImplement RTS/CTS control
Increase to hundreds of nodes
Adaptive gain adjustments
Reduced power consumption
Punch-through comms Ops in noisy environmentsPriority scheduling in MAC Enables Emergency services overlayTDMA based QoS control Guaranteed voice/videoMAC level routing Ad hoc networks (talk to a whole
village)Customizable backoff Traffic DifferentiationData acquisition Test modalityBroken packet filter Diagnostic machineryAdaptive Protocol tuning Long range high performance
operation
Downloadable firmware mod yields profound operational changes
Save the hardware but change the functionality -- remotely!
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Firmware Changes
Edit software • CalRadio SDR• 1 Linux PC• Open Gnu cross-
compiler• Ethernet connection
Tools/Equipment Required:Steps to New Firmware
Compile and Link
FTP to CalRadio
Load into DSP
10 secs
Every part of this system is open!!
Run and Test
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Example MAC Change
Change probe interval timing
Ethereal frame capture before …
Code changed to reduce interval …
Code that generates long intervals …
Ethereal frame capture after …
Spectrum Analyzer Output
New interval = 3.3 msec
Old interval = 32.3 msec
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Calit2 Living Laboratories Success:Drilling with Prototypes in the Field
WIISARD Drill, May 25, 2005
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Calit2 is Also Uniquely Positioned Due to the Science and Engineering Leadership of California
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Computer Science & Engineering
Powell-Focht Bioengineering Hall
California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology
UCSD is a Growth Campus of the UC Faculty Currently: 170 Faculty, 250 by 2012
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Unique Facilities: The Calit2 Building at UCSD
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Floor One: The Arts Wing
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Floor One: The Clean Rooms
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Floor Two: Artificial Intelligence
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Floor Three: Life Sciences
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Floor Four: Software
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Floor Five: Wireless
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Floor Six: Emergency Response
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Calit2 Foundational Efforts for Indian Research Relationship
• Calit2 Was A Founding Partner in the Indo-US University Network
– Original signatory to the July 2005 MOU.
– Opportunity to meet with Prime Minister Singh and Secretary of Science and Technology Ramamurthy
• Calit2 Participated in the launch of the Indo-US University Network in New Delhi.
– Opportunity to meet with President Kalam and Secretary of Science and Technology Ramamurthy
– Signatories to the second MOU between Indian-US institutions for education and research collaboration.
American University Meeting with Prime Minster Singh, Washington, July 2005
Indo-US University Network Meeting,
New Delhi, December 2005
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
The U.S.-India Summit Hosted by Calit2
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Summit Invitees and Location
• Summit Invitees– Invitation only event for 170.– High level national academics, chief
operating officers, government officials.
– Recruitment goal is to have 60 participants from the Country of India.
• Event Location– Richard C. Atkinson Hall at
UCSD, La Jolla, CA.– Calit2 Auditorium
• 200 seat facility.• State of the art projection,
surround sound, and network connections.
AcademicIndustryGovernment
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Backup Slides Behind This
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Globalization of Knowledge: First University Degree by Region 1997-2000
Source: National Science Board, National Science Indicators 2006
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Globalization of Knowledge:International Science and Engineering Phds
Source: National Science Board, National Science Indicators 2006
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Globalization of Knowledge: Science and Technical Articles by Field and Country/Region
Source: National Science Board, National Science Indicators 2006
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Globalization of Knowledge:Scientific Articles with International Co-Authorship
Source: National Science Board, National Science Indicators 2006
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
The Globalization of Knowledge:U.S. Patents
• U.S. inventors account for approximately 52% of all patents granted.
• Foreign patents have grown from 44% in 1996 to 48% in 2003 due to the globalization of technological innovation.– Top five countries are Japan,
Germany, Taiwan, South Korea, and France.
– India patent applications in 1990=58 in 2000=1200
Source: National Science Board, National Science Indicators 2006
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
The Global Nature of Science and Engineering
Source: Richard Freeman,
National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2005
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Globalization of Knowledge:Increasing Globalization of U.S. Science and Engineers
Source: National Science Board, National Science Indicators 2006
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
California Leads the Nation in Conferring Science and Engineering Degrees
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
California Leads the Nation in Science and Engineering Doctorates as Share of Workforce
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
California Leads the Nation in Industry Performed Research and Development
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
California Leads the Nation in R&D as Share of Gross State Product
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology
CalRadioCalRadioA Broad Application, Open Digital Radio
Platform
http://calradio.calit2.net/
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
CalRadio Project Goals
The goals for the platform are:
▪ To be a low-cost, field deployable, radio/networking test vehicle for widespread wireless applications development
▪ To be made generally available to the public on an open basis for Research and Development.
i.e. smaller than a cellphone and cheaper!
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
CalRadio 1a Features and Specifications
• Size 4” x 6” max• 1 external pushbutton• 10/100 Ethernet Phy• 4 channel 12 bit ADC 100KSPS• 4 channel 12 bit DAC 100KSPS• TMS320VC5471 DSP/ARM7 Chip• Operation from Wall transformer/auto (5 - 12 VDC) • Plug power connector enables battery/solar operation• Four external LED indicators (Pwr, 802.3, 802.11,
Flashdisk)• Dismountable antenna – SMA connector• Jumpers on power connections to measure current draw• Serial port connector• Works for omni or point-to-point links
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
CalRadio 1.0 MP Board Block Diagram
IntelEthernet
XCVRLXT971A
ARMSDRAMMemory
ARMSRAM
Memory
ARMFlash Memory
JTAGI/F E
MIFTMS320CV5471
ARMProcessor
TMS320CV5471DSP
Processor
RF Module Connector
SerialPort
DSP Expansion Connector
DSP CMOSSRAM
Memory1M
16 Bit4 Channel
ADC
16 Bit4 Channel
DAC
TempSense
EEPROMI2C I/F
EMIF
ProgrammableLogic
Enet status LEDs
General Status LEDs
Power Conversionand
Regulation
PowerInput
RJ45ENETPort
RS232UART
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
CalRadio 1.0 RF Module
RF Module Features
• Intersil HFA3863 baseband processor
• 802.11b full physical layer implementation
• Size: 2.5” x 3.0” (6.25 cm x 7.7 cm)
Antenna
Select
MAXIM MAX2821
Baseband Transceiver
RF Module Connector
CalRadio I RF Board Block Diagram
Antenna
Connector
AntennaConnector
FilterSPDTMMIC
Switch
Balun
PowerAmplifier
Balun
Intersil HFA3863
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
Baseband Processor
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
WiFi Software Architecture
Socket Library
User Application
Linux TCP/IP Protocol Stack
WirelessExtensions(Wireless
Tools)
iwconfig
Mailboxes
Interrupts
WiFi Kernel DriverDSPC
MailboxCommunications
ISR
Endless loop MB I/F
802.11 MACimplementation
software
McBSP Serial Port
Memory I/F
CPLD
Baseband Processor
DSP 54XXARMRF Board
Ethernet MAC I/F
Ethernet Driver
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
CalRadio 1a Layering
# ISO- Layer CalRadio 1a Processing Element
7 Application ARM Processor – User App
6 Presentation ARM Processor – ucLinux
5 Session ARM Processor – ucLinux
4 Transport ARM Processor – ucLinux
3 Network ARM Processor – ucLinux
2 Data Link DSP – MAC
1 Physical – hardware connection
RF Module – Baseband Processor
The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the University of California, San Diego
Grass-Roots Applications
• Voice-over-IP == widespread telephony• Text messaging• Remote diagnosis• Video surveillance• Remote sensor systems• Distribution of medical information• Education and training – agriculture and
trades• Police and protection• Crop and weather report distribution• Humanitarian Assistance• Long haul networks