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• Introduction
• History
• Early Work
• BCI versus Neuroprosthetics
• BCI Approaches
• Ethical considerations
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Applications
• Current Projects
• Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
Brain-computer interface (BCI) is a fast-
growing emergent technology, in which
researchers aim to build a direct channel
between the human brain and the computer.
Hans Berger’s discovery of the electrical
activity of human brain
Development of EEG
Algorithms to reconstruct movements from
motor cortex neuron were developed in
1970’s.
First experiment on monkeys
Initial studies on rats in 1990’s
Neuroprosthetics connects nerveous system
with an external device
BCI connects brain (or nerveous system) with
computer system
Vision
Movement
Implanted directly into the grey matter of brain
Produces highest quality signals but prone to scar tissues which causes weaker or everlostsignals
Devices are implanted inside the skull but
rest outside the brain
Produce better resolution than non invasive
BCI
Lower risk of forming scar-tissue in brain
Devices are easy to wear
Poor signal resolution
Dispersing and blurring EM waves are
produced.
Mind-reading and privacy
Mind-control
Side-effects
Risk and benefit analysis
Allow paralyzed people to control prosthetic
limbs
Transmit visual images to mind of blind
person…….means provide vision
Transmit auditory data to mind…..allows
deaf’s to hear
Game controlling…
Allows mute person to express the thoughts
via computer
Still beginning….
Current technology is crude
Ethical issues may prevent the development
Electrodes inside the skull produces scar tissues
Electrodes outside the skull can detect a few
signals
Bionics/Cybernetics
Memory Upload/Download
Dream Capture
Brain as a Computer
“Google Search” through brain
• BrainGate
• BCI2000
• Australian Bionic Eye
• Honda Asimo Control
• Kevin Warwick – The First Human Cyborg
• Gaming Control
• Many Others….
A Brain Computer Interface (BCI) is a
collaboration in which a brain accepts and
controls a mechanical device as a natural
part of its representation of the body.
• Computer-brain interfaces are designed to
restore sensory function, transmit sensory
information to the brain, or stimulate the
brain through artificially generated electrical
signals.