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2. Contents Circuit Diagram Power Supply Components UsedApplications Operation of The Product Conclusion 3. Relay A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to operate a switching mechanism mechanically, but other operating principles are also used. Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power signal (with complete electrical isolation between control and controlled circuits), or where several circuits must be controlled by one signal. Relays were used extensively in telephone exchanges and early computers to perform logical operations. 4. Push To ON Switch A push-button (also spelled pushbutton) (press-button in the UK) or simply button is a simple switch mechanism for controlling some aspect of a machine or a process. Buttons are typically made out of hard material, usually plastic or metal. The surface is usually flat or shaped to accommodate the human finger or hand, so as to be easily depressed or pushed. 5. Buzzer A piezoelectric sensor is a device that uses the piezoelectric effect to measure pressure, acceleration, strain or force by converting them to an electrical signal 6. Resistor A resistor is a two-terminal passive electronic component which implements electrical resistance as a circuit element. When a voltage V is applied across the terminals of a resistor, a current I will flow through the resistor in direct proportion to that voltage 7. CapacitorA capacitor (formerly known as condenser) is a device for storing electric charge. The forms of practical capacitors vary widely, but all contain at least two conductors separated by a non-conductor. Capacitors used as parts of electrical systems, for example, consist of metal foils separated by a layer of insulating film. 8. Transistor A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify and switch electronic signals. It is made of a solid piece of semiconductor material, with at least three terminals for connection to an external circuit. A voltage or current applied to one pair of the transistor's terminals changes the current flowing through another pair of terminals. Because the controlled (output) power can be much more than the controlling (input) power, the transistor provides amplification of a signal. 9. Diode In electronics, a diode is a two-terminal electronic component that conducts electric current in only one direction. The term usually refers to a semiconductor diode, the most common type today. This is a crystalline piece of semiconductor material connected to two electrical terminals.[1] A vacuum tube diode (now little used except in some high-power technologies) is a vacuum tube with two electrodes: a plate and a cathode. 10. Application They are as Follows: This Circuit Saves Time & Electricity.It Helps To Prevent From Dozing off While Studying by Sounding a Beep at a Fixed Time Interval.The Circuit Is Capable of Switching off The Light , Fan and other Appliances Automatically in The Room. 11. Operation of The Product The circuit is built around IC 555, transistors BC547, relay RL1 and buzzer.The 555(IC) is configured as an monostable multi vibrator to generate clock for the timer (IC2) .The reset of ICs, transistors T1, T2 and T3 drive the buzzer to sound an intermediate beep.If IC2 is not reset through S1 at that time, around 1 minute later the output of gate N4 goes high and transistor T4 conducts.As the output of the gate N4 is connected to the clock input pin 10 of IC2 through diode D, further counting stops and the relay RL1 energizes to deactivate all the appliances. This state changes only when IC1 is reset by pressing switch S1. 12. Integrated CircuitsIC 555 13. IC555The 555 timer IC is a very simple device to use. With very few extra components it can be used as an ASTABLE timer to make flashing light circuit or to make a loud speaker produce a sound and it can be used as a MONOSTABLE circuit to switch a device on AFTER a set time or to switch a device on FOR a set time. The 555 makes it easy to get accurate time delays. 14. Power Supply 9V DCDC OutputAC InputBlock Diagram of Power Supply 15. Transformer The transformer serves to convert the ac line voltage to a voltage level more appropriate to the needs of the circuit to be powered. At the same time, the transformer provides electrical isolation between the ac line and the circuit being powered, which is an important safety consideration. 16. RectifierThe next step is to force current to flow in one direction only, preventing the alternations that occur in the transformer and the ac line. This process is known as rectification, and the circuit that accomplishes the task is the rectifier. 17. Filter Its job is to reduce the pulses from the rectifier to a much smaller ripple voltage. No filter configuration can be absolutely perfect, but a properly designed filter will provide a dc output voltage with only a small ac ripple. 18. RegulatorVoltage regulator ICs are available with fixed (typically 5, 12 and 15V) or variable output voltages. They are also rated by the maximum current they can pass. Most regulators include some automatic protection from excessive current and overheating. 19. Components Used IC555Relay Push To ON SwitchPiezo-Buzzer Resistor Capacitor Transistor Diode 20. Conclusion ANTI SLEEP ALARM Precisely we have seen that when we set the particular resistance in the variable resistors, its output comes within a particular time set by the user. Thus we can use this product for our home appliance for switching purpose to save time and electricity. 21. 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