5/17/2012 1

STUDEN NAME :RAFIF HATIM ABDELMALIK

MAY 2012

5/17/2012 2

• Introduction

• Aim

• Objective

• Soba

• LEED-ND, GIS, MCDM

• Out comes

5/17/2012 3

Sustainable

development “development that meets the needs

of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” (Brundtland Commission, 1987).

“Suitability analysis techniques integrate three factors of an area : location , development activities , and biophysical / environmental processes” (Miller , Collins et al .1998 )

Neighborhood “The way the countries, the cities or the

neighborhoods grow—especially how and where do grow—will have a profound effect on our planet and on us. Land use and neighborhood design patterns create a particular physical reality and complete behaviors that have a significant effect on the environmental performance of a given place” (Liv Haselbach 2008).

• Open spaces

• Civic building

• Historic

building 5/17/2012 4

The design of the neighborhood is one of the foundations of sustainable

environment. Neighborhood location is the primary basic to improve and

save the environment .

• Sustainable development.

• Accessibility and mobility.

• Encouragement of social

activities.

• Low cost .

• Disorganized

future extension.

• Traffic Congestion

• Pollution .

• Sprawl .

5/17/2012 5

• Sustainable planning needs sustainable identification for

differ of function within redevelopment areas.

• Each area background need special criteria

5/17/2012 6

The aim of this paper is to develop a guide line for the new

development of neighborhoods by integrating smart neighborhood

location analysis with geographic information system (GIS) technology

in order to be more sustainable in (Soba).

5/17/2012 7

• Assess the present and the future growth of Soba’s neighborhoods with regard to smart location principles.

• Determine the guidelines for the sustainable development.

• To generate a scenarios of the smart location by integrating analysis with geographic information system technology.

5/17/2012 8

Officially the Republic of the( Sudan) is a country in northeastern Africa. It is the largest country in Africa and in the Arab World, and tenth largest in the world by area.

The world's longest river, the Nile , divides the country between east and west sides. It is generally flat plains, broken by several mountain ranges

Soba

5/17/2012 9

• Metropolitan Khartoum, which comprises Khartoum, Khartoum North and Omdurman, has an area of 802.5 km2. It is located at the point where the White Nile, flowing north from Uganda, meets the Blue Nile, flowing west from Ethiopia. Soba is an existing neighborhood in Khartoum the capital of Sudan

• Within the past century, the city has expanded 250 times in area and 114 times in population. The population of metropolitan Khartoum is now estimated to be more than five million, ( Babiker, B. ,2003) . The capital is sprawling rather than dense: population density in metropolitan Khartoum was estimated at approx imately 163 persons/km² in 2004.

• Four master plans have been established for the development of Khartoum since independence. Most were only partially implemented, and a new plan is currently in process.( Abdulhafeez Awad Hafazalla,2008)

5/17/2012 10

• Soba is located on west ( 15.6040 N, 32.5298E) .It is about 17.4 km straight line from Khartoum .Soba is a previous neighborhood area which now a days , has a huge new planned and unplanned development movement. There are many different functions of building located in that neighborhood such as Solar Energy Research , Sport city , Soba hospital , Main hospital for the heart disease , and many new housing settlement

• The population in Soba around 170.000. The first tribes lived on Soba were Jaleen , shyqia and rofaaeen. Now a day’s Soba is a model of the good live hood and relation between the citizens. The Crawl population is heading towards in Soba . ( Sudan Post-CONFLICT ENVIRONMENTA ASSESSMENT, 2008)

5/17/2012 11

The scope of this work is to define the principles for the

neighborhood smart location to fulfill them in Soba area in the

south part of Khartoum. Studying Soba to assess the smart

location presently and the next 10 years in term of sustainable

environment, economy and society . Install our analysis in the

GIS software to get accurate and faster result .Using the

software to determine a model for the neighborhood smart

location.

5/17/2012 12

LEED-ND

GIS

MCDM

5/17/2012 13

There is no consensus on what makes a neighborhood sustainable or how to measure the sustainability of urban form (Garde, 2009).

Multi-criteria decision making methods are conventional methods that assist decision makers to analyze and solve numerous criteria decision problems.

Principles

Methodology

Accurate result

5/17/2012 14

Using overlay technique, the area can be classified into suitable, moderate and unsuitable zones as they fulfill different level of the LEED-ND principles and criteria.

The Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was adopted to further examine the suitability of the criteria. The paper concludes with discussion on how LEED-ND can be adopted to suit the development of the study area.

LEED-ND

• Smart Location.

• Imperiled Species and Ecological Communities.

• Wetland and Water body Conservation.

• Agricultural Land Conservation.

• Floodplain Conservation.

• Housing and Job Proximity.

• Steep Slope Protection.

• Street network.

5/17/2012 15

5/17/2012 16

Smart Location

• “Infill site, or

• Adjacent site with connectivity on development land , or

• Transit corridor or route with adequate transit service , or

• Site with nearby neighborhood assets” (Congress for the New Urbanism, 2009).

5/17/2012 17

5/17/2012 18

Implied Species and Ecological Communities

• The site has to be free from Species or ecological community or, it will be need treatment conservation. The study area has no special species or communities except in the land that used for agriculture which need to be conserved. Thus for the study area the agriculture land will be delivered.

5/17/2012 19

5/17/2012 20

Wetland and Water Body Conservation

• The conservation zone is 100 feet (30.48 meter) around the water body and 50 feet of the wetland based on LEED-ND 2009. The wetland and water body conservation is the result of using the overlay tools by buffering 100 feet around the Nile revier. Convertor tools has used to get the raster layer and reclassified by the raster reclassifying rater function.

5/17/2012 21

Agricultural Land Conservation

• Soil type

5/17/2012 22

5/17/2012 23

Floodplain avoidance

5/17/2012 24

Date Water level River width August 29, 2006 16.86 379.86 August 30, 2006 16.95 379.95 August 31, 2006 17.02 380.02 September 1, 2006 17.08 380.08 September 2, 2006 17.04 380.04 September 3, 2006 16.92 379.92 September 4, 2006 16.66 379.66 September 5, 2006 16.51 379.51 September 6, 2006 16.43 379.43 September 7, 2006 16.43 379.43 September 8, 2006 16.54 379.54 September 9, 2006 16.64 379.64 September 10, 2006 16.69 379.69 September 11, 2006 16.73 379.73 September 12, 2006 16.73 379.73 September 13, 2006 16.62 379.62 September 14, 2006 16.54 379.54 September 15, 2006 16.56 379.56 September 16, 2006 16.56 379.56 September 17, 2006 16.43 379.43 September 18, 2006 16.41 379.41

5/17/2012 25

Housing and Job Proximity

• The purpose of this principle is to have a mix use area within the neighborhood.

• The criteria:

• As mention in the methodology chapter, the zones have to be:

• The total building is within ½ mile distance of existing full time equivalent jobs.

5/17/2012 26

Street Network

• It is the zone with street intersects on site boundary at least every 400 feet .This will encourage the daily physical life and decrease the MVT.

5/17/2012 27

MCDM

• These methods have been evolved since 1950 to help decision makers in either ranking a known set of alternatives for prob-lem or making a choice among this set while considering the conflicting criteria.

• According to Saaty . T. L. (2003), making a ranking questionnaire for the principles was the first step. Taking those output data and set them in the Expert Choice software to get the weight of each principle by setting the pairwise has done as the third step. There is a scale for the pairwise according to Saaty (1980).

5/17/2012 28

5/17/2012 29

Principle Rate Weight

Smart location 3 0.150

Wetland and water

body conservation

5 0.117

Slope protection 2 0.049

Flood avoidance 5 0.032

Street network 5 0.084

Housing and job

proximity

5 0.060

Agriculture

conservation

2 0.215

Site selection 2 0.267

Imperiled species

protection

2 0.026

5/17/2012 30

5/17/2012 31

5/17/2012 32

OUT COMES

(1) identify the location and the size of the suitable sites for neighborhood development,

(2) identify zones based on their need in term of how to improve them,

(3) extract the planning missing elements in each zone and use them for improvement and development,

(4) identify the level of suitability of the administrative build-ings and take it into account for the development plan,

(5) determine the suitable functions to locate them in each zone based on the principle achievement.

5/17/2012 33

Conclusion

Development is a complex process involving its special dimension, social, economic and environmental implication. GIS has demonstrated to be a technology capable of integrating various data sets both qualitative and quantitative in a single system. This is even more important within the con-text of sustainable development the implementation of which regards the evaluation of economic, social, and environmental parameters against pre-established targets. GIS has been used in the spatial problem definition, but it has failed to support the ultimate of the general decision –making process concerning prioritizing the alternative. To achieve this requirement, Multi Criteria Decision Making has been used.

5/17/2012 34

5/17/2012 35