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On 23.03.2013 I visited The Netherlands to give the keynote speak about Joomla! web security. I talked about the most common 8 ways a Joomla! website can get hacked. So you should check the presentation if you are a Joomla! hacker that knows less than 8 ways :) It will be useful for you. However, if you are a Joomla user that doesn’t know anything about how to hack a Joomla!, or even worse, how to protect your Joomla! from being hacked, you should definitely check the slides! Because there is a way to protect yourself from each of the common Joomla hacks that I revealed them in the presentation. I went through the following scenarios and what should be done to prevent each of them: - Hacked through outdated Joomla!/extensions/themes. - Hacked through a vulnerable extensions/themes, that is not outdated - Hacked with the help of stolen/weak login details - Hacked through outdated/vulnerable server software - Apache, PHP, MySQL. - Hacked through incorrectly configured web server - A completely healthy site hacked through another vulnerable Joomla that is hosted on the same server - Hacked because of incorrect Joomla permissions - Hacked through malware on local PC which allows attackers to access a healthy site
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Daniel Kanchev @dvkanchev
8 Most Popular Joomla! Hacks &
How To Avoid Them
Daniel Kanchev
7+ Years of Joomla! experience 5 Years with SiteGround Security Freak Performance Guru @SG VIP Customer Management Server Migration Specialist Love FOSS Addicted to extreme sports
Before we begin …
@dvkanchev
of over 130,000 Joomla! sitesSiteGround is the home
We face hundreds if not thousands security attacks per day …
Why should YOU care?
“Why would somebody hack me?”
Hackers don’t really care about your site. All they care is to send some spam.
If anybody tells you your site is unhackable, that guy is a liar!
“Security is a not a product, but a process”
1. Outdated Joomla! Core
…of Joomla! file upload security bug
Quick demo…
More info on the hack
• All versions before 3.1.5 and 2.5.14 are vulnerable
• Can be executed by anybody, no admin rights needed
• The attacker can obtain full access to Joomla! and its surrounding userspace
More info on the hackJoomla!!
http://goo.gl/8YwZIk!!
Sucuri!http://goo.gl/WjLKGm!
!SiteGround!
http://goo.gl/NWkZTz
UPDATE! UPDATE! UPDATE!
Use software to get notified and update Joomla! Core
Admin Tools https://www.akeebabackup.com/products/admin-
tools.html !!!
Watchful.li https://watchful.li/features/
SiteGround offers Joomla! Auto Update
Read security bulletins
!
Joomla! Security News:!http://feeds.joomla.org/JoomlaSecurityNews
!
Sucuri:!http://blog.sucuri.net/?s=joomla
2. Extensions
• Your site is up to date
• Your extensions are up to date
• But you still get hacked…
• Wonder why?
Here’s a Scenario:
Extension vulnerabilities
• Sometimes when vulnerability in an extension is found, it takes the extension developers too much time to fix it.
• Therefore it’s always good to use a WAF!
• WAF = Web Application Firewall
Popular WAFs
SiteGround adds more than 200 mod_sec rules every week.
Example mod_sec rule
# 30.Sep.2013 # joomla com_seminar Cross site scripting Vulnerability # http://cxsecurity.com/issue/WLB-2013090184 SecFilterSelective REQUEST_FILENAME "index\.php" "chain,id:00680" SecFilterSelective ARG_option "com_seminar" chain SecFilterSelective ARG_search "onmouseover"
CloudFlare and Incapsula are advanced mod_security alike FREE services
which add a CDN functionality.
More Security Bulletins
Joomla! Extensions Security News:!!
http://feeds.joomla.org/JoomlaSecurityVulnerableExtensions
3. Themes
-Nicholas Dionysopoulos
“Templates are software, not just a bunch of graphics. Template developers do release security upgrades all the time. Make sure you install them. I've seen many sites getting hacked because of a dated template with a SQL injection or XSS vulnerability.”
Example
RocketTheme SQL injection in their modules!!
http://www.rockettheme.com/blog/extensions/1300-important-security-vulnerability-fixed
!
WAF is good for themes too!
4. Weak passwords
Let me tell you a story…
On April 9th we got hit by a huge brute force attack towards many Joomla!s
… and we blocked more than 92,000 IPs in total across our network in just
Bots used more than a thousand different IPs per server to scan for
passes…
In 12 hours we blocked more than 15 million login requests
But still, we thought many passwords were guessed
And we were shocked how many passwords we found.
We then tried to brute force our clients ourselves.
Over 40% of our customers used Really Weak passwords.
Username is admin
Let me show you how easy it is to guess a dumb password, say:
“pass123”
So in less than 10 seconds I’ve got your password
Tip: Change your password to a full sentence (from a favourite book) - it’s easy
to remember and hard to guess like: !
“I love to watch the sunset.”
admin2 is not acceptable too ;) Try with: !
yourname_@dm1n
Tip 2: Change your username!
Tip 3: Additionally secure your administrator login page
• Allow access only from certain IP addresses
• Add Captcha
• Password protect the administrator folder
• Use secret URL parameters
5. Outdated Server Software
http://eindbazen.net/2012/05/php-cgi-advisory-cve-2012-1823/
Old PHP 5.3 running as CGI remote execution exploit
Quick demo…
Make sure your server side software is current at all times.
6. Incorrectly configured server software
http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2013/Aug/81
Apache Symlinks bug
public_html/fred.txt —> /home/otheracct/public_html/configuration.php
Add to httpd.conf or .htaccess file: SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
The Problem:
The Solution:
7. Joomla! Permissions
Correct Joomla! Permissions set
• Folders: 755 • Files: 644 • configuration.php: 444
Incorrect Joomla! Permissions set
• All: 777 • Anything more than: 755
It’s a must to have account isolation, when hosted on shared.
8. Malware
Viruses and Trojans steal your login details.
Stay up to date on anti-virus software.
So let’s recap…• Update your Joomla!
• Update your extensions. Read security bulletins ones in a while.
• Update your themes. Don’t forget that!
• Use strong passwords and non default admin usernames.
• Make sure your server side software is current (PHP, Apache, MySQL)
• Make sure your server side software is correctly setup
• Use correct file permissions for Joomla!
• Watch up for that sneaky malware
Questions?
THANK YOU!
