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8.1 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
88ChapterChapter
Securing Information Securing Information SystemsSystems
Securing Information Securing Information SystemsSystems
8.2 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information Systems
• Analyze why information systems need special protection from destruction, error, and abuse.
• Assess the business value of security and control.
• Design an organizational framework for security and control.
• Evaluate the most important tools and technologies for safeguarding information resources.
8.3 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
Phishing: A Costly New Sport for Internet Users
• Problem: Large number of vulnerable users of online financial services, ease of creating bogus Web sites.
• Solutions: Deploy anti-phishing software and services and a multilevel authentication system to identify threats and reduce phishing attempts.
• Deploying new tools, technologies, and security procedures, along with educating consumers, increases reliability and customer confidence.
• Demonstrates IT’s role in combating cyber crime.
• Illustrates digital technology as part of a multilevel solution as well as its limitations in overcoming discouraged consumers.
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information Systems
8.4 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
SYSTEM VULNERABILITY AND ABUSE
Why Systems Are Vulnerable
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information Systems
Contemporary Security Challenges and Vulnerabilities
Figure 8-1
8.5 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
• Use of fixed Internet addresses through use of cable modems or DSL
• Lack of encryption with most Voice over IP (VoIP)
• Widespread use of e-mail and instant messaging (IM)
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information Systems
SYSTEM VULNERABILITY AND ABUSE
Internet Vulnerabilities:
Why Systems Are Vulnerable (Continued)
8.6 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
• Radio frequency bands are easy to scan
• The service set identifiers (SSID) identifying the access points broadcast multiple times
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information Systems
SYSTEM VULNERABILITY AND ABUSE
Wireless Security Challenges:
8.7 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
• Computer viruses, worms, • Spyware
• Identity theft, phishing, pharming
• Cyberterrorism and Cyberwarfare
• Vulnerabilities from internal threats (employees); software flaws
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information Systems
SYSTEM VULNERABILITY AND ABUSE
Malicious Software: Viruses, Worms, and Spyware
Hackers and Cybervandalism
8.8 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
• Inadequate security and control may create serious legal liability.
• Businesses must protect not only their own information assets but also those of customers, employees, and business partners. Failure to do so can lead to costly litigation for data exposure or theft.
• A sound security and control framework that protects business information assets can thus produce a high return on investment.
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information Systems
BUSINESS VALUE OF SECURITY AND CONTROL
8.9 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
General controls:
• Software and hardware
• Computer operations
• Data security
• Systems implementation process
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information Systems
ESTABLISHING A MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL
Types of Information Systems Controls
8.10 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
• Input
• Processing
• Output
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information Systems
ESTABLISHING A MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL
Application controls:
8.11 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 10 Chapter 10 Security and ControlSecurity and Control
ESTABLISHING A MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL
Security Profiles for a Personnel System
Figure 8-4
8.12 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
• Disaster recovery planning: Plans for restoration of computing and communications disrupted by an event such as an earthquake, flood, or terrorist attack
• Business continuity planning: Plans for handling mission-critical functions if systems go down
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information Systems
ESTABLISHING A MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL
Ensuring Business Continuity
8.13 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information Systems
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL
Access Control
• Passwords
Authentication:
Access control: Consists of all the policies and procedures a company uses to prevent improper access to systems by unauthorized insiders and outsiders
• Biometric authentication
8.14 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
• Firewalls: Hardware and software controlling flow of
incoming and outgoing network traffic
• Intrusion detection systems: Full-time monitoring
tools placed at the most vulnerable points of
corporate networks to detect and deter intruders
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information Systems
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL
Firewalls, Intrusion Detection Systems, and Antivirus Software
8.15 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
• Antivirus software: Software that checks computer
systems and drives for the presence of computer
viruses and can eliminate the virus from the infected
area
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information Systems
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL
Firewalls, Intrusion Detection Systems, and Antivirus Software (Continued)
8.16 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 10 Chapter 10 Security and ContrSecurity and ContrChapter 8 Securing Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information Systems
olol
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL
A Corporate Firewall
Figure 8-6
8.17 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
• Public key encryption: Uses two different keys, one
private and one public. The keys are mathematically
related so that data encrypted with one key can be
decrypted using only the other key
• Message integrity: The ability to be certain that the
message being sent arrives at the proper destination
without being copied or changed
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information Systems
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL
Encryption and Public Key Infrastructure
8.18 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
• Digital signature: A digital code attached to an electronically transmitted message that is used to verify the origin and contents of a message
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information Systems
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL
Encryption and Public Key Infrastructure (Continued)
8.19 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
• Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and its successor Transport Layer Security (TLS): protocols for secure information transfer over the Internet; enable client and server computer encryption and decryption activities as they communicate during a secure Web session.
• Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol (S-HTTP): used for encrypting data flowing over the Internet; limited to Web documents, whereas SSL and TLS encrypt all data being passed between client and server.
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information Systems
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL
Encryption and Public Key Infrastructure (Continued)
8.20 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information Systems
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL
Public Key Encryption
Figure 8-7
8.21 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
Worldwide Damage from Digital AttacksWorldwide Damage from Digital Attacks
Figure 8-3
This chart shows estimates of the average annual worldwide damage from hacking, malware, and spam since 1999. These data are based on figures from mi2G and the authors.
Systems Vulnerability and Abuse
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information SystemsChapter 8 Securing Information Systems