10.3 A Clash of Values

• Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were two Italian immigrants

• They were accused killing two men at the Slater & Morrill Shoe Company.

• They were also accused of stealing $15,000 from the payroll vault.

• Sacco was a shoemaker.• Vanzetti was a fish peddler.

Nativism and Racism Returns

• Many Americans believed them to be anarchists.• The evidence against the two men was VERY sketchy, but

the public wanted them to pay for the murder• In 1921 they were found guilty. They appealed the case for

6 years.• On August 23rd 1927, they were both executed.• Throughout the entire process, both men claimed

innocence of the crime.• *Anarchists- People who oppose all forms of government.

Sacco and Vanzetti part 2

• The “old Klan” focused on newly freed African Americans.

• The new Klan was going to focus more on Catholics, Jews, and Immigrants.

• William J. Simmons revised the KKK in Atlanta.

• Membership reached 4 million people by 1924.

• The lynching of Jewish Leo Frank is Georgia was a huge story

Return of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK)

After Frank’s lynching nearly half of Georgia’s 3000 Jews left the state

Good ole fashioned KKK wedding

Good ole fashion KKK funeral

• Remember women got the right to vote in 1920. This prompted change in society.

• Many women wore “bobbed” hair styles. This just means shortened.

• Women stopped wearing corsets• Flappers were young women who smoked, drank, danced,

and wore short dresses.• Other women sought work in factories to supplement

family income.• Birth Control also became available for the first time and

gave women a new sense of freedom

Women of the 1920’s

Flapper’s Fashion Video

A New Religious Movement…• Fundamentalism was a new

movement which believed that the Bible was literally true and had no error

• Especially popular in the rural South

• As science improved less and less people believed the Bible (that Adam lived over 900 years for example)

• The theory of evolution was also testing Fundamentalism and the story of creation…

• In 1925 Tennessee passed the Butler Act. This made teaching monkey evolution illegal.

• John T. Scopes was a biology teacher in Dayton TN.• He was arrested for teaching evolution to his high

school students.• The trial was held in Dayton TN during the summer

of 1925.• William Jennings Bryan was the prosecuting

attorney.• Clarence Darrow was the defending attorney.• Scopes was found guilty and fined $100.

The Scopes Trial

Bryan Darrow

Scopes

Huge crowds from all over the country

• The 18th Amendment took effect January 29th 1920.

• This new Amendment made the production, sale, or consumption of alcohol illegal.

• Many American believed this was going to help reduce unemployment, violence, poverty, and crime.

• Secret bars called speakeasies were places people could purchase a drink.

Prohibition

• Bootlegging became big business. This is the production and distribution of liquor.

Prohibition part 2

Alcohol Consumed per person

Prohibition part 3

• The mafia began opening bars and running bootlegging.

• These illegal bars were called speakeasies• Al Capone was a gangster who made millions

from prohibition in Chicago.• Capone had policemen, judges, and politicians

on his payroll to help his business.• The 21st Amendment in 1933 repealed the

18th Amendment.

Al Capone

This hotel served as Capone’s base5 room suite and 4 guest rooms

St. Valentines Day Massacre

Known criminal but police could never DIRECTLY connect him to the murders

Capone at Comisky Park before his 1931 arrest for tax evasion