(WORK OF ETHICS)

REPORTED BY:

GROUP 2

TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES

ETHICS

WORK DEFINED• work has been defined as an activity in which one exerts strength or faculties to do or perform something

• work is defined as a labor, task or duty

•A specific task

Work always means performing some activities that will satisfy needs and create service for certain individual ,

group or society, and it is therefore accepted and

rewarded

• 1st specific rights recognized in International Covenant On Economic , Social And Cultural Rights

• deals with access to work and it is the main concern

Right to Work

What do you think are

examples of Human Rights?

• Common Human Rights (positive rights)

• food•Education •Fair trial•Free speech •Just working conditions

• Common Human Rights (negative implications)

• degree of suffering•Strain of mental or physical effort •distress

Work as Human Rights Standard

For many people, work is something that a man should to

do in order to survive…

Article 6 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and

Cultural Rights (ICESCR) states

that….

The right to work includes “the right of a

man to the opportunity to gain his living

by work.”

What is the meaning of

“ to earn one’s living”?

Article 11 of ICESCR states

that ….provides that there is a

right to an adequate

standard of living that is

unconditional; it does not depend

on work.

So work as a Human Rights standard is not

to be seen as a means to have an

adequate standard of living ( as this is guaranteed by

another human right but to earn such

standard of living.

• Human Right to Work recognizes work as a something to which each every individual is entitled

• Right to participate in the producing and servicing of Human Society and the right to participate in the benefits accrued through these joint activities.

Human Right to Work

• Common Government Obligation under the right to work

• respect• protect • fulfill each person’s access to work

• Government must not destroy a person’s opportunity to earn his her living (obligation to respect)

Government Obligation

• Government must prevent hid opportunity from being destroyed by third parties (obligation to protect)

• Government must provide the opportunity to earn one’s living to each person who currently does not have this opportunity (obligation to fulfill)

• Presidential Decree No. 442 or the labor code of the Philippines defines “Wage”.• remuneration or earning , capable of of being expressed in terms of money• payable by employer or employee under a written or unwritten contract of employment.

Wage

Wage is based on hours worked.

Salaries is an amount paid for a particular job.

Wage and Salaries

• availability of people capable of fulfilling the obligations and responsibilities of the job.• level of demand elsewhere in the community and/or industry for prospective employees• cost living in the area attractiveness of the community in which the company operates• compensation levels already in existence elsewhere in the company

Factors to consider when settling on a salary for a position include:

• Justice means giving what is right and what is due• unfair labor practice• practice of giving salaries below the minimum wage if not wage is observed:

• factory workers• construction workers• sales ladies

• Government should play its role in protecting the rights of workers by ensuring that minimum wage law is observed.

Wage and Morality

• trade union or union labor• organization of workers who have banded together to achieve common goals such as better working condition• include the:• negotiation of wages• work rules • complaint procedures• rules governing• hiring and firing

Unionism

• promotion of workers• benefits • work place• safety and policies

Morality cannot be an issue unless a union

is created in which its objectives are

contrary to law, since most acts that are

considered illegal are immortal also…

• are suspensions of work against an employer, factory, industry or firm performed by workers and maintained until the demands are met by the entity against from which they are striking • labor code of the Philippines states that strik as many temporary refusal or employer to furnish work as a result of an industrial or labor dispute.

Strike

The Philippine Constitution enumerates the rights of workers, these are:

Rights of Workers • right to self-organization- involves the right of every employee to form, to join or to not join labor unions.• right to collective bargaining and negotiations- to negotiate additional salaries and benefits is involved in the right• right to strike- strike means stoppage of work by employees as result of industrial or labor dispute.

• right to security and tenure-security of tenure mans the right to be protected in his employment and must be terminated only if there are justifiable, valid and lawful grounds.• right to humanae conditions of work- this covers the right to be given rest and meal periods including the right to work in a safe and healthy working environment• right to living- living wage means “income that is capable of purchasing the basic commodities needed in household”.

• right to participate in policy and decision-making processes- this covers the right to be involved in activities affecting employee’s interest and welfare.

These may be explained the contract of employment, but the law also says that there are certain obligations and duties owed by an employee to their employer, even if the contract does not mention them. These include:

Duties of Employees

1. To do what reasonable employee would do in any situation.

2. Duty to be honest3. Disclose wrong doing,

(does not include “spent” convictions). But, if this will incriminate them.

4. Carry out and follow5. Not to disclose the

employer.6. Work with reasonable care

and skill7. Look after the employer’s

property if using it8. Not to compete in

business against, the employer while still working for them as an employee

9. Not to take bribes10. Be prepared to change

when the job changes11. Give an inventions to

employer if the employee develops these during their employment.

Duties of Employers to Employees

• Duty to pay• Duty to provide work• Self working

condition• Employment

opportunities• Work securities• Physical welfare

-FIN-