OBIS and BBNJ

Ocean Biogeographic Information System

and BBNJ

Photo credits Molly Timmers - NOAA [email protected]

International OceanographicData and Information Exchange

46,000,000 species observations4,600,000 sampling events3,200,000 sampling stations117,000 marine species

1,900 databases in 1 central global database

500 data providers, 56 countries

1,000 papers have cited OBIS

(9)

(4)

Some Statistics

Census of Marine Life2000 - 2010OBIS was established as the data repository and information dissemination system for

CoML

OBIS @ UNESCO-IOC

In June 2009, the 25th Session of the IOC Assembly decided through Resolution XXV-4 to adopt OBIS as part of IODE, because:

Knowledge of the ocean's biodiversity is of such importance to national and global environmental issues that the responsibility for its continuing success should be assumed by governments.

IntergovernmentalOceanographic CommissionEstablished in 1960

148 Member States

UN focal point for ocean science, ocean observations and services, data and information exchange and capacity building

Strong scientific understanding and systematic observations of the changing world ocean climate and ecosystems shall underpin sustainable development and global governance for a healthy ocean, and global, regional and national management of risks and opportunities

from the ocean.

IODE since 1961IODE VISIONa comprehensive and integrated ocean data and information system, serving the broad and diverse needs of IOC Member States, for both routine and scientific use

Office in Flanders (Belgium) since 2005

OceanTeacherOceanDataPortalOceanDataPracticesOceanExpertOceanDocsOBISHAEDATICANGOSUDGTSPPGODARQMFWOD…

IODE DATA CENTERS

IODE

-Pro

ject

s

IODE OBJECTIVESpromotion of discovery and exchange of marine data; long term archiving, best practices, international standards, capacity building, and supporting international marine scientific research programs

Overall goalsOBIS has a mandate under the United Nations (UNESCO-IOC), to contribute to the protection of marine ecosystems by assisting in identifying marine biodiversity hotspots and large-scale ecological patterns, in all ocean basins.

Setting a baseline for marine biodiversity assessment and monitoring

Build and maintain a global alliance that collaborates with scientific communities to facilitate free and open access to, and application of, biodiversity and biogeographic data and information on marine life.

DATA PROVIDING INSTITUTIONS OBIS NODES

IOC Committee for IODE

IOC Assembly

UNESCO General Conference

IODE Steering Group for OBIS

OBIS node managersOBIS task teams

OBIS Governance Structure

workplan

SG-OBIS Meetings are held annually

System Architecture

DP DP DPDP DP DP

EurOBISThematicMEDO

BIS

SEAMAP

iOBIS

USASEAOBISNational/

regional

DP

WEB PORTALMapper

Data download

OGC WMSWFS webservice

REST API

harvesting

integration & QC

PRODUCTS/STATISTICS

QA/QC

SQL data access

The international OBIS secretariat provides training and technical assistance, guides new standards and technical developments, and encourages international cooperation

http://iobis.org/maps

Growth of data in OBIS

COML

IOC

Within EEZ

Within ABNJ7.5M records78K species, 14.5K exclusively

Major taxonomic groups

Around 1.2 million records annually since 1990s, 1 million within EEZ and 200K in ABNJ

Sampling effort per depth volume

Appeltans W., Dujardin F., Flavell M., Miloslavich P., Webb T. (2015). Biodiversity Baselines in the Global Ocean. In: Fischer A. et al (Eds). Open Ocean Technical Assessment Report for the GEF Transboundary Water Assessment Programme (TWAP). UNEP, IOC-UNESCO. In press.

±99% of ocean volume is still undersampled

(<100 sampling days, <713 records, <13 species per 10,000 km3)

Nr of records through time (latitude)

Global monitoring since 1950

Progressively increased in the Southern Hemisphere


Nr of records through time (distance from nearest land)


Nr of records through time

(sampling depth)


OPPORTUNITIES• Growing demand for data/information products

robust for ocean health and risk assessments

• WoA/IPCC/CBD all recognize critical requirement for enhanced and sustained observation of the global ocean

• Critical that we improve the way in which observation data is managed and made available

A data clearing-house and sharing facility

Data curation services

harvesting

integration & QC

API

DBserver


www.iobis.org

Within EEZ

Within ABNJ7.5M records78K species, 14.5K exclusively


robis spenv

Open-source data analysis pipelines

Sea-Surface Temperature

400,000 hexacoral records

Species temperature envelope

IPCC scenario r8.5

Predicted loss of hexacoral species by 2059

UNPUBLISHED MAP DO NOT QUOTE

Sampling more data than just species occurrence

Core sample from a Van Veen grab

Water sample from a Niskin bottle plankton net with CTD

Video plankton recorder

OTN tags

Hussey et al. (2015) Aquatic animal telemetry: a panoramic window into the underwater world. Science

Integrating telemetry with other biological measures

Hussey et al. (2015) Aquatic animal telemetry: a panoramic window into the underwater world. Science

Animal Telemetry Network

XXIII session of the IOC Committee for IODE, March 2015

Recommendation IODE-XXIII.4ESTABLISHMENT OF THE IODE PILOT PROJECT EXPANDING

OBIS WITH ENVIRONMENTAL DATA (OBIS-ENV-DATA)

OBIS-ENV-DATA1st workshop October 2015

OBIS-ENV-DATA involves 11 institutions from 10 countries in North-America, South-America, Europe, Africa and Oceania.

In collaboration with

14 pilot datasets

Event 1

Event 1.1

Event 1.1.1

MoFA1

MoFB1

Occ1

Occ2

Occ3

MoFB2

MoFB3

OBIS-ENV-DATA

EVENT HIERARCHY makes it possible to record differences in sampling time, location, and

depth while still grouping these samples together to the same station visit

MoFA2

UN WorldOceanAssessment

RFBsVME

EBSA

EBVMBONsBon in a Box

eEOVGOOS OBSDeepsea

Assessment

Indicators

Supporting International Processes

The 1st Global HAB Status Report

From Dunn et al. 2011

OBIS contributions to the CBD EBSA process

Biological Diversity all taxaWider Caribbean and Western Mid-Atlantic workshop, Recife,

Brazil, February 2012

Proposed site meeting EBSA criteria: Abrolhos Bank & Vitoria-Trindade ChainDescribed in-part due to high regional biodiversity

as depicted using OBIS data.

Disclaimer: This is an information ONLY for the presentation. Some information on the map is yet to be finalized. This is NOT for QUOTATION or Distribution.

Areas meeting CBD Scientific Criteria for Ecologically or Biologically Significant Marine Areas (EBSAs,

annex 1 to decision IX/20) : areas in ABNJ

Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone

Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone

OBIS Deep Sea Node• In collaboration with INDEEP, the international network for the

scientific investigation of deep-sea ecosystems: www.indeep-project.org, and the World Register of Deep-Sea Species

• International OBIS-INDEEP Workshop/Training, October, Belgium

http://www.indeep-project.org/

Connecting People

Malaysia

KenyaSouth Africa

Colombia

VenezuelaUSA

Indonesia

Malaysia

Tanzania

Data cleaningData formattingData publicationData accessData visualisationData analysis

Argentina

MexicoUkraine

IOC Ocean Teacher Regional Training Centreswww.oceanteacher.org

“To ensure equitable participation of all States

in global initiatives”

http://www.oceanteacher.org/

Assessing the STATE: +50 responses

http://dev.iobis.org/goos/

Proposed Biological EOVs: functional groupsPhenomenon of interest EOV Subvariables /Supporting/

Status of phytoplankton Phytoplankton biomass and productivity

Biomass/abundance (chlorophyll-a, HPLC pigments, cell count); primary productivity; carbon/chlorophyll, succession

Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) HAB incidence Toxicity

Status of zooplankton Zooplankton diversity DiversityBiomass, Abundance, grazing, phenology

Fish status Fish abundance and distribution DiversityAbundance, biomass, catch, functional traits

Status of apex predators AP abundance and distribution DiversityVital rates, diet, behaviour

(*) Microbes recognized: biodiversity, pathogens …

Proposed Biological EOVs: ecosystemsPhenomenon of interest EOV Subvariables /

Supporting variables

Coral reef health Live coral cover Herbivorous fish abundance, coral disease, % bleached, coral form abundance (massives, plate, branching etc), light penetration

Seagrass health Seagrass cover Seagrass shoot density, seagrass shoot length, algal abundance, seagrass disease, grazer abundance

Mangrove health Mangrove cover Species, stem density, DBH, canopy height, leaf production rate

Macroalgal forest health Canopy cover Productivity, recruitment and mortality, cover of turf-forming and encrusting coralline algae, grazer abundance

NEW OBIS DATA DISCOVERY PORTAL (UNDER DEVELOPMENT)

TAKE HOME MESSAGES • OBIS provides a global data sharing platform and data/information clearing house mechanism for

marine biodiversity in all ocean basins, including ABNJ• OBIS promotes international cooperation, provides equitable access to data and benefits globally,

enhances scientific understanding and knowledge generation and provides important baselines for marine biodiversity monitoring and assessment

• OBIS holds data from non commercial, non-target fishing species, which allows an holistic (ecosystem) approach to measure impacts of activities in ABNJ.

• OBIS provides training in best practice methods for data collection, management, analysis and reporting.

• OBIS is linked to several international processes, such as CBD‘s Ecologically or Biologically Significant Areas (EBSA), CBD’s Sustainable Ocean Initiative (SOI), FAO’s Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems, the Biodiversity Observation Network of GEO, is a core component of GEOSS, is an affiliate of GBIF, and provided baseline data for ocean assessments, such as the UN World Ocean Assessment, GEF’s transboundary water assessment, and is listed as a key data source by IPBES

• OBIS is appreciated for its contribution to MSR by the UNGA (A/RES/70• OBIS supports the access and benefit sharing regime in BBNJ (data repatriation, non-monetary value

and indirect monetary value (economic growth, scientific reputation, costs of not sharing data and knowledge?)

TAKE HOME MESSAGES IOC Statutes,Art 3c: Functions of IOC-UNESCO:

- respond, as a competent international organization, to the requirements deriving from the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), and other international instruments relevant to marine scientific research, related services and capacity-building

Published by UNESCO in 2005IOC Advisory Body of Experts of the Law

of the Sea (IOC/ABE-LOS), endorsed by IOC Resolution XXII-12 (2003)

Criteria: Transfer of marine technology should enable all parties concerned to benefit on an equitable basis from developments in marine science related activities — in particular, those aiming at stimulating the social and economic contexts in developing States.

Guidelines for implementation: As a competent international organization for promoting and facilitating transfer of marine technology, IOC, in consultation with relevant international, governmental and non-governmental organizations, and other partners should establish and co-ordinate a clearinghouse mechanism for the transfer of marine technology.

OBIS 2.0 developments

github.com/iobis/api-docs

github.com/iobis/robis

github.com/iobis/pyobis

github.com/iobis/training

@WrdAppltns

THANK YOU

[email protected]

WWW www.iobis.orgPROJECT MANAGER

DATA MANAGER