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Presentation given at PaperComp 2010, 1st International Workshop on Paper Computing, Copenhagen, Denmark, September 2010 ABSTRACT: Over the last few years, there has been a significant increase in the number of researchers dealing with the integration of paper and digital information or services. While recent technological developments enable new forms of paper-digital integration and interaction, some of the original research on interactive paper dates back almost twenty years. We give a brief overview of the most relevant past and current interactive paper developments. Then, based on our experience in developing a wide variety of interactive paper solutions over the last decade, as well as the results of other research groups, we outline future directions and challenges for the realisation of innovative interactive paper solutions. Further, we propose the definition of common data formats and interactive paper design patterns to ensure future cross-application and framework interoperability.
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PaperComp 2010, September 26, 2010
Interactive Paper: Past, Present and Future
Beat Signer and Moira C. Norrie Department of Computer Science
Vrije Universiteit Brussel
http://www.beatsigner.com
PaperComp 2010, September 26, 2010 Beat Signer - Vrije Universiteit Brussel - [email protected]
Paper Computing in the Past
Reading Wheel, Ramelli, 1588
Punch Cards, since ca. 1725
Electro Junior Toy
PaperComp 2010, September 26, 2010 Beat Signer - Vrije Universiteit Brussel - [email protected]
Paper Computing in the Past ...
DigitalDesk, Wellner, 1991 Listen Reader, Back et al., 2000
Ariel, Mackay et al., 1995 Audio Notebook, Stifelman, 1993
PaperComp 2010, September 26, 2010 Beat Signer - Vrije Universiteit Brussel - [email protected]
Current Approaches
Amazon Kindle Anoto Digital Pen and Paper Technology
Augmented Paper Electronic Paper
PaperComp 2010, September 26, 2010 Beat Signer - Vrije Universiteit Brussel - [email protected]
Interactive Paper Frameworks
Tools offered by Anoto
SDK for PC applications and network applications
Forms Design Kit (FDK)
PaperToolkit
integration of interactive and batched input handling
Letras
distributed event processing pipeline
PaperComp 2010, September 26, 2010 Beat Signer - Vrije Universiteit Brussel - [email protected]
Interactive Paper Frameworks
iPaper
information-centric approach supports different
technologies, functionalities and applications
separation of authoring and programming
rapid prototyping (active components)
Livescribe's Smartpen SDK
application sharing and the user as a developer
...
PaperComp 2010, September 26, 2010 Beat Signer - Vrije Universiteit Brussel - [email protected]
Future Challenges and Directions
Future challenges for augmented and interactive
paper solutions include
software framework interoperability and scalability
automatic application deployment
hardware and material sciences
visual and interaction design
cross-media information management
deeper understanding of existing work practices
…
PaperComp 2010, September 26, 2010 Beat Signer - Vrije Universiteit Brussel - [email protected]
Input Device Independence
iPaper, Paper++ Project, 2001 iPaper, Paper++ Project, 2003
iPaper, EdFest Project, 2005 iPaper, The Lost Cosmonaut Project, 2004
PaperComp 2010, September 26, 2010 Beat Signer - Vrije Universiteit Brussel - [email protected]
Input Device Independence ...
Bähr et al., PaperComp 2010 Bonnard et al., PaperComp 2010
Portocarrero et al., PaperComp 2010 Suzuki et al., PaperComp 2010
PaperComp 2010, September 26, 2010 Beat Signer - Vrije Universiteit Brussel - [email protected]
Digital Ink Abstraction
Most frameworks and toolkits define their own
proprietary digital ink representation
existing standards (e.g. InkML) are often not used
is there a need for new common data formats?
Common data formats can help to
exchange data between applications and across
different interactive paper frameworks
realise mixed-media environments
PaperComp 2010, September 26, 2010 Beat Signer - Vrije Universiteit Brussel - [email protected]
Scalability and Application Deployment
Problem of existing augmented paper solutions
isolated applications
missing cross-application interaction
Interactive Paper 2.0
global and open architecture
unique resolving of interactive paper services based
on a global paper lookup service (PLS)
- automatic application deployment
service oriented architecture to enable cross-
application interaction and composition
PaperComp 2010, September 26, 2010 Beat Signer - Vrije Universiteit Brussel - [email protected]
Visual and Interaction Design
Visualisation of interactive
areas and functionality
• design patterns
Interaction design
• online versus offline
input processing
• lack of modal dialogues
• multimodal interaction
EdFest Project, 2004
EdFest Project, 2005
Findings might be applicable to traditional GUIs
e.g. cross-application widget interaction
PaperComp 2010, September 26, 2010 Beat Signer - Vrije Universiteit Brussel - [email protected]
Innovative Hardware and Materials
Mobile solutions for feed-
back on paper documents
• spatially aware pro-
jection of information
• digital pen with display
• voice feedback
• ...
Fusion of electronic paper
and interactive paper
• printed electronics
MouseLight, Song et al., 2010
PaperWorks Project, 2007
PaperComp 2010, September 26, 2010 Beat Signer - Vrije Universiteit Brussel - [email protected]
Paper-Digital Authoring and Publishing
Manual authoring
Content-driven publishing
• e.g. EdFest brochure
• integration with third-
party applications
• what about versioning?
Automatic link authoring
• e.g. Print-n-Link
Collaborative authoring
iPaper Manual Authoring Tool
Print-n-Link, 2006
PaperComp 2010, September 26, 2010 Beat Signer - Vrije Universiteit Brussel - [email protected]
Conclusions
Various approaches for interactive paper and
paper computing
are we missing a common abstraction layer in existing
architectures and do we need Interactive Paper 2.0?
It might be the right time to think about the
integration of existing solutions to share efforts
cross-disciplinary workshops
- e.g. CoPADD and PaperComp
Network of Excellence (NoE)?
PaperComp 2010, September 26, 2010 Beat Signer - Vrije Universiteit Brussel - [email protected]
Further Information
Fundamental Concepts for Interactive Paper
and Cross-Media Information Spaces, Beat
Signer, ISBN 978-3-8370-2713-6, May 2008
Interactive Paper: Past, Present and Future
http://vub.academia.edu/BeatSigner/Papers/216727/Intera
ctive_Paper_Past_Present_and_Future
Research papers about iPaper are available on
http://vub.academia.edu/BeatSigner
Presentation available on
http://www.slideshare.net/signer/
