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David Hardman, chairman, UK Science Park Association
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next generation science parksinnovation ecologies in a digital world
Dr David HardmanCEO - Innovation Birmingham
Chairman - UKSPA
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Innovation ecologies
Science parks have driven economies as aggregators as geographically compact entities
Ecologies are intrinsically dynamic – subject to continuous and rapid change - responding to external influences - technological, socio-economic and political
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People
Commercial propositions
Money
Place
Social CapitalLeaders and feeders
A stable regional innovation ecology
Rather, successful clusters grow organically resulting from the efforts of a handful of entrepreneurs who got together and decided to foster entrepreneurship in the region
Government/Public sector too often invest capital in facilities creating top-down clusters.
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National Governmentsets the Knowledge Economy/Innovation agenda
Local Governmentinterprets agenda based on local legacy, needs and opportunities
Public sectorcreates the canvas
Academe and Private sectorpaint the picture
the knowledge economy triple helix
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drivers of historically unique change
Societal evolution
technology integral to life
urbanisation
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“Silicon Valley no longer a place but a network of places”
Today … linking from elsewhere and then relocating activity to the Valley
Tomorrow ….
Future relevance of geography?
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Boomers the ‘Why nots’ born 1946-64
Gen X ICT Immigrants born 1965-80 By 2020 in Europe 1 in 5 will be
over 65 majority will work beyond
retirement age many starting small businesses for life style
and financial support
Gen Y the Millennials born 1980-2000Their digital orientation, fluency
in web and mobile, means they will remain quick adopters of new technology as they focus on careers,
families, home and high-tech living
IT Generations by 2020
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social media platforms, physical location interacting with one’s mobile device
The SoLoMo effect
Friends Reunited 2003
Myspace2003
LinkedIn2003
Facebook2004
Flickr2004
YouTube 2005
Twitter 2006
Tumblr2007
Foursquare2009
Instagram2010
Pinterest2010
Twitch2011 ..
iPhone and Android 2007
iPad 2010
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Gen ‘Z’ - our 2020 innovation ecology clients
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They are/will challenge academia requiring affordable personalised learning based around video, podcasts, webinars and social media tools with real-time on demand expectations
…. these are the 2020 entrepreneurs
The ICT Generation
Gen Z - born after 2000
Fluent in mobile and social platforms global reach and outlook with local ease, global friendships through virtual connections
81%of online teens use some kind
of social media
26%would need to fly to meet most of their
social network friends
76%wish their
hobby could be their job
(GenY=50%)
52%use YouTube and other
social media sites when researching for
homework
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The socially connected consumer
Global growth of the internet, cloud computing combined with advanced analytical tools to scour large data sets on mobile platforms – accelerated rate of change
New market transparency as business and consumer activity is tracked and monitored
market power continues to shift to the consumer
entry barriers to global markets lower for small businesses48% of all UK
retailwebsites are
accessed from mobile
devices
34% of all retail website sales are
from mobile devices
47% of consumershave used mobilesto browse competitor’swebsites while in store
3,400% growth in
mobile commerce in last 4 years
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The Internet explosion required infrastructure which spawned the original tech start-up community in Silicon Valley
Interconnected personal computers - Databases - browsers - servers - storage - security ……
Today - Horizontally scalable computing & storage systems- Open source software- Web Services
Translates into Less capital required to start a company
Mark Suster , http://www.bothsidesofthetable.com/
reducing costs of start-up
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web-connected businesses
Transient/kinetic workforce – horizontally distributed talent - Collaborative networks of contingent workers
Creative nomads - more self-employment and micro-businesses with global reach
Collaborative communities of customers and suppliers drives crowd-trained decisions, problem solving and anticipation of need
Data becomes the value component in many products and services
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Urbanised innovation – nothing new
C19th and early C20th industrial districts - high concentrations of manufacturing enterprises engaging in similar or complimentary work
Such clustering facilitated local supply chains - fluid supply of workers living in the surrounding communities and walked to work
Edward K. Muller and Paul A. Groves, “The Emergence of Industrial Districts in Mid-Nineteenth Century Baltimore” Geographical Review 69 (2) (1979): 159–178
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Today’s innovation districts
Innovation districts maintain elements of earlier models but embody new interplays
demanded by the new economies where supply chains are global
“ While the marginal cost of transmitting information across geographical space has fallen
significantly, the marginal cost of transmitting knowledge still rises with distance …. Therefore, the
knowledge spill over benefits of clustering in cities can be large for high-value, knowledge intensive
sectors.”
Devolving Decision Making: Meeting the Regional Economic Challenge; The Importance of Cities to Regional Growth”
London: Office of the Deputy Prime Minister, 2006
More than half of global population lives in a city
City dwellers are 50% more productive than rural workersand 30% more prosperous
Larger cities come up with more innovations per head than smaller ones
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“(Knowledge economy) companies thrive in urban environments, where they can connect with other industries, drawing on the culture and diversity of the city” South Mountain Economics, LLC, “A Balanced and Growing Economy: How San Francisco is Making the Transition to a Digital City” (2014)
Today’s innovation districts
“The trend is to nurture living, breathing communities rather than sterile remote, compounds of research silos” Business Week June 2009
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UK ‘Science Parks’ tenant companies : 4,083UK ‘Science Parks’ jobs in tenant companies: 74,045As at 2013 all figures based on UKSPA membership
Core city regionsLondonCambridgeOxfordOther southeast/eastScotlandotherSource UKSPA : analysis by GVA
Driving future growth: Core cities and the knowledge economy Spring 2014
Today’s UK science park scene
Urban quasi-urban Suburban
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the challenge
Address borderless complex and dispersed innovation chains work-force and consumers
Catalyse the growth of micro-multinationals
Embrace the consequences of urbanisation of innovation
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Where geography
is not the overriding
factor determining
community success
Interconnected Centres
Connected Real Estate – promoting borderless innovation -
Generating communities of interest
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virtual incubator networking
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Approach
Connect
Communicate
Collaborate
Create….
Celebrate
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iCentra
An alliance of physical creative locations connected via digital bridges that offer a sense of ‘place’ to promote amplification of ideas -
Digital Ports -
global to support local
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… will be driven not by the place but by the community attracted to the place
… will be driven by entrepreneurs and innovators collaborating physically and virtually with expertise, experience and access to funding
… will be a Campus that is the focal point for Birmingham’s tech-community
Our success …
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Consequences
20 years ago we thought we were going to be wired hermits but it turns out greater urbanization pervades
Smaller connected real estate
Digitally enhanced convivial centres
integrated Urban locations
Multi-sector stimulated
Highly collaborative, flexible, data rich
kinetic and transient communities of creative nomads
Horizontally connected SMEs - fewer corporates
Driven by the internet of ( innovation )
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Connected
Communicating
Collaborating
Creating
( Urban ) Communities
Gen Z science parks
