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Youth EntrepreneurshipTowards enterprising skills and attitudes
in any career
Robert Arnkil and Eddy AdamsOECD LEED Forum, Stockholm
Thu 24th April 2014
The traditional way
• Waiting for the job to land on you
The new ecology
• Creating the job, enterprising, ’carving it out’, forming networks, connecting to workplaces
We need a new understanding how employment is created
Young people need enterprising skills and attitudes
– whether they are aiming for a salaried career, self-employment or setting up an enterprise
These skills are built everywhere – homes, hobbies, ’activities’, education, with peers, further training,
work practice and in work
Working life has changed
Working life and careers are full of transitions and have become more and more ’hybrid’
Hybrid = Combined, multi-purpose, multi-task…
Hybrid work: Work requires combinations of skills: technical, human relations, self-management, digital, enterprising…
Hybrid careers: : altering between salaried and entrepreneurial phases, self-employment, co-ops…
These kinds of skills can develop everywhere
Basic stages of education
Entrepreneurial training
Aiming for long salaried careers
Enterprise and self-employment
Salaried work and professions
Traditional training and careers
Work practice
Work practice
Basic stages of
education
’Hybrid’ training for hybrid
careers
’Hybrid’ training and careers
Work practice
Work practice
Co-op
Salaried
Both
Both
Entrepreneurial
Self-employment
Business participationBrokeragePeer learningLearning spaces
What are the key barriers to youth entrepreneurship?some examples...
1. Concept: Narrow and traditional understanding 2. Tradition: Working life is mostly understood as salaried work,
where careers and work are in fact becoming more and more ‘hybrid’
3. Curricuulms: Training and support for employment is divided, split into different ‘routes’, instead of an integrated approach
4. Security: Gaps, pitfalls and bureaucracies in social security5. Incubation: Inadequate ‘spaces’ to develop ideas and try
one’s wings6. Brokerage: Weak connections to entrepreneurs, role models
and peers as brokers
How to smartly scale-up support for youth entrepreneurship?
1. Integrated concept of enterprising and entrepreneurship
• Good ‘learning spaces’ for developing enterprising skills and attitudes
• Local partnerships are in a key role to develop an overall approach in providing spaces, brokerage and good transitions
• Young people need to be a real cocreation force in transforming education, counselling and business support – and learn to be active in this participation
• The business community needs to articulate their needs, provide spaces and brokerage, and participate in cocreation
• We need skilful brokers of many ‘species’: cultural and street savvy brokers, facilitators, specialists, people with experience of different ‘worlds’ and able to move sideways and vertically
