Presented by:

RISHAB GUPTA

Father: Jawaharlal

Nehru

Mother:Kamala Nehru

Born: 19th November 1917

Birthplace: Allahabad, India

Rajiv Gandhi

(1944-1991) succeeded

her as India's prime

minister in 1984. Rajiv

was killed by a bomb in

1991

FAMILY LIFE

She became involved in the Indian Independence movement. In 1950s

Her son Sanjay

Gandhi (1946-1980)

Minister of Information and

Broadcasting. (1964)

Prime Minister in 1966-1977

and 1980-1984

She established major reforms,

including a strict population-

control program.

Special agricultural

innovation programs

A national nuclear program

was started by Gandhi in

1967,

On 31 October 1984, two of Gandhi's Sikh

bodyguards, Satwant Singh and Beant Singh,

assassinated her with their service weapons in the

garden of the Prime Minister's residence.

She married Feroze

Gandhi (1942-60)

PROFESSIONAL LIFE

Her son Sanjay

Gandhi (1946-1980)

before he was killed

in an airplane

She studied history at

Somerville College,

University of Oxford in

England

The Indira Awaas Yojana, a programme

of the central government to provide low-

cost housing to rural poor, is named

after her.

The Green

Revolution

BACKGROUND INFORMATION

Indira Gandhi, also known as Indira Priyadarshini

Gandhi, née Indira Nehru.

Born on November 19, 1917, Allahabad, India.

Politician who served as prime minister of India for

three consecutive terms (1966–77) and a fourth

term from 1980.

She had two children, Sanjay and Rajiv.

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CONTD.

Only Indian Prime Minister to have been imprisoned.

Joined the Indian National Congress Partyin 1938.

Improved relations with other countries.

Promoted science and technology.

First satellite into space in 1971.

Led India to become one of the fastest growing

economies.4

ROAD TO POWER AND POLITICS

Started from 12 – Leader of Monkey Brigade (help

end British control in India).

1941, became involved in the Indian Independence

movement.

1950s, served her father unofficially as a personal

assistant during his time as first PM of India.

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ROAD TO POWER AND POLITICS

After father's death in 1964, was appointed as a member of the Rajya Sabha (upper house).

became a member of Lal Bahadur Shastri's cabinet as Minister of Information and Broadcasting.

After Shastri’s death, Indira Gandhi was elected to be PM due to the conception that she could be easily manipulated.

However, she kept on to her title by extraordinary political skills.

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PRIME MINISTER ERA

Supported Communism and socialism

Pakistan war

India victorious under Indira Gandhi’s command;

Freedom of East Pakistan

Green Revolution

1) Intense Agricultural District Program (IADP) which sought to

increase crop yield and production

2) Food exporter for political support

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PRIME MINISTER ERA

Eradicate poverty1) vigorous policy in 1969 of land reform

2) placed a ceiling on personal income, private property, and corporate profits

2) Campaign theme for 2nd term

Nationalized the major banks

1) provide the better banking infrastructure in rural areas

2) to make cheap finance available to farmers in India

Nuclear weapons programStarted using nuclear power to establish India's stability and security interests

To respond to China’s nuclear threat

“Smiling Buddha”

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FALL FROM POWER

Election corruptions

1971 Elections – used government machinery and

officials for election purposes; excessive election

expenditure

Theme : “Eradicate poverty” is fake and just for political

support – 4% funds for poverty programs

State of emergency

Arrest opposition (which formed Janata party later)

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FALL FROM POWER

o Elections

• 1977 elections

Indira’s INCP opposed by Janata party

claimed the elections were the last chance for India to choose

between "democracy and dictatorship”

INCP lost and both Indira and Sanjay Gandhi lost their seats in

the Congress

Congress party was split

After election, Indira Gandhi found herself without work,

income or residence

Quit parliament and was imprisoned

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REGAIN POWER (THIRD TERM)

Arrest of Indira Gandhi evoked sympathy .

Once she was released, she started giving

speeches apologizing for her mistake.

Death of Jayaprakash Narayan broke apart the

Janata party .

Indira became PM again.

In 1980 elections, Congress party had a landslide

victory led by Indira Gandhi due to instability in

Janata party.

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FALL FROM POWER YET AGAIN

Operation blue star

In July 1982, Sikh group occupied the Golden Temple.

In June 1984, Indira Gandhi orders attack on Sikh's

holiest site, Golden Temple to remove the Sikh

separatists.

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DEATH

Assassination by bodyguards.

Satwant Singh and Beant Singh assassinated her

with their weapons.

Beant Singh and Satwant Singh dropped their

weapons and surrendered

Died on her way to hospital.

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QUALITIES

Highly talented and intellectual managed to be enrolled into Oxford University, a top

university in the world

showed extraordinary political skills when she first became

the president of India

decreased Country’s poverty line from 65% to 45%

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QUALITIES

Charismatic Did not gain high popularity when she is first appointed the

president, she soon gained

popularity after her first few rallies and decisions made.

First woman to be a Prime Minister

Just with a few speeches after her release from prison

allowed her to regain trust of her supporters, leading to

landslide victory

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QUALITIES

Determined / daring Cured of her periodic disease in her early years though it is

a tough experience

Some of her decisions in the political field are hard to make

yet she persisted on her own decisions, such as that of the

war with Pakistan in 1971.

did not give up when she was being removed from her

position and at a time, arrested, she returned to political

field even when there are enemies and protestors around

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QUALITIES

Tough and Shrewd Did not give up easily and solves problems using force

Even after imprisonment, still wanted to regain status of PM

of India

Eliminated opponents and narrowed competition (Janata

party)

Example : call of forces she used against protestors during

the Indian Currency Crisis

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LEADERSHIP STYLE

Task oriented

Did everything with an aim

Cheated in elections to hold on to power

Used theme: “eradicate poverty” to gain votes

Killed Sikhs to protect the golden temple

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ANALYSIS OF INDIRA GANDHI AS A GOOD

LEADER

1) Moral integrity and values.

2) Autocratic Leadership.

3) Empathetic and listening to others’ opinions .

4) Motivating; charismatic and appealing

5) Transformational; everlasting impacts.

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