In the Great Name of Allah, the most Gracious, the most Merciful

Saudi-Yemen Conflict

Group Members Naushad Ali Ali Raza Badini Niamat Ullah Mojtaba Salman Marwat

Outline

Introduction

Geography/strength of Yemen

Geography/strength of Saudi Arabia

Brief History of Yemen

Houthi Rebels

Iranian factor/Role of Iran

Saudi-led Alliance

Role of Pakistan

Conclusion/Recommendations

Introduction

Revolt of Houthis against Al-Hadi Govt.

Houthi rebels took control of the capital Sanaa September 2014.

House arrested President Al-Hadi.

The UN brokered a peace deal according to which the Houthis agreed to

withdraw their fighters from cities they have seized.

The Houthis reject the draft of a new constitution proposed by the government

in January 2015.

Seized state TV and clash with troops in the capital.

Introduction

UN Security Council denounced Houthi move, demanded to negotiate power-

sharing agreement under Gulf Cooperation Council aegis.

President Hadi fled house arrest in Sanaa, escaped to Aden.

Houthi rebels started to advance towards southern Yemen.

President Hadi fled from Aden to Saudi Arabia and requested Saudi Arabia for

help.

A Saudi-led coalition of Arab states mounted airstrikes on Houthi targets.

Geography of Yemen

Located in Southwest Asia at the southern tip of the Arabian Peninsula

Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden, and Red Sea, between

Oman and Saudi Arabia.

Situated at the entrance to the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait, which links the Red Sea

to the Indian Ocean (via the Gulf of Aden).

one of the most active and strategic shipping lanes in the world.

Geo-strategically very important

Geography of Yemen

Geography of Yemen

Flag of Yemen

Yemen: Basic Facts

Capital: Sana’a

Population: 25.79 million (2015)

Area: 527,970 Square Km

GDP Growth: 3.8%

President: Abd Rabbuh Mansur Al-Hadi.

Armed Forces of Yemen

Armed Forces: Founded in 1990.

consist of Army, Navy and Air Force

Manpower: 66,700 Active personnel and 71,200 Reserved personnel

Including Paramilitary forces it becomes 401,000 personnel.

Defense budget of Yemen is $ 3.5 billion which is 6% of the whole GDP.

Emblem of Armed Forces of Yemen

Geography of Saudi Arabia

situated in Southwest Asia, Middle East

occupies 80% of the Arabian Peninsula

Bordering the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aqaba to the West and the Persian Gulf

to the East

Neighboring countries are Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, the United Arab

Emirates, the Sultanate of Oman, Yemen, and Bahrain.

Geography of Saudi Arabia

Geography of Saudi Arabia

Flag of Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia: Basic Facts

Capital: Riyadh

Population: 29.89 million (2015)

Form of Govt.: Kingdom

GDP is $719Billion, GDP Growth: 4% per annum

King: Salman Bin Abdul Aziz

Area: 2,149,690 sq. kilometers

Coastline: 2,640 Km

Shared Border: 4,272 Km

Strength of Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia plays a major role in Middle East.

One of the most modern and powerful military force of the region.

The armed forces include Army, Navy and Air Force.

Active military personnel are 233,500 and a total of 25,000 reserved

personnel.

Defense Budget: $56.725 Billion

Military Assets of Saudi Arabia: Land Systems

Tanks: 1,250

Armored Fighting Vehicles(AFVs): 5,472

Self-propelled Guns(SPGs): 524

Towed-Artillery: 432

Multiple-Launch Rocket Systems(MLRSs):322

Military Assets of Saudi Arabia: Air Power

Includes both fixed-wing and rotary-wing aircrafts from all branches of services.

Total Aircrafts:675

Fighters/Interceptors: 155

Fixed-wing Attack Aircrafts: 236

Transport Aircrafts: 187

Trainer Aircrafts: 168

Helicopters: 182

Attack Helicopters: 18

Military Assets of Saudi Arabia: Naval Power

Total Naval Strength: 55

Frigates: 7

Corvettes: 4

Submarines: 0

Coastal Defense Craft: 39

Mine Warfare: 3

Crisis in Yemen: Brief History

Saudi-Yemen Border

Consists of about 1,800 Km

Formed as a result of Taif Treaty 1934.

Porous in terms of movement of people.

The border is fenced with 10 feet pipeline filled with concrete under the 2,000

Jeddah Border Treaty.

Construction of the barrier began in September 2003

Saudi-Yemen Border

Houthi Rebels

The Houthis began as a theological movement preaching peace in 1990s

Officially known Ansaar Ullah, HQ in Saada.

Follows Zaidi sect of Shiite Islam

Founder: Hussein Bader Addian al-Houthi

Started armed movement in 2004

Hussein al-Houthi was killed in 2004 with government forces in Saada.

Abdul-Malik Badreddin al-Houthi (born January 01, 1982 in Saada) is the

current leader of Houthis.

While according to some other sources he was born on May 22, 1979

Houthi Rebels: Leadership Abdul-Malik Badreddin al-Houthi

Houthi Rebels: Leadership Hussein Bader Addian al-Houthi( died 2004)

Houthi Rebels: Links

Links With Iran and Syria

Also linked with Hezbollah

Supported by the Saleh loyalist army brigades

Strength of Houthi Rebels

Held together by an ideology.

About 100,000 active fighters.

Possess almost all kinds of weapons i.e. From A.K47 to Tanks.

Joined by Al-Saleh loyal Army Brigades.

Occupied a large peace of land

Strength of Houthi Rebels

Cities seized by Houthis

Houthi’s Areas of Influence

Houthi’s Areas of Influence

Houthis: Recent Activities

Houthis: Recent Activities

Houthis: Recent Activities

Saudi-led Alliance

Comprised of 10 countries mostly GCC members

USA provides logistical support

Continued air strikes in Yemen

Targeting Houthi rebels

Also asked Pakistan to join

Countries include Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, Jordon, Egypt,

Sudan, Turkey and Morocco.

Saudi-led Alliance

Saudi-led Alliance

Casualties

Since March 19:

1820 people have been killed.

7,330 have been recorded injured

545,719 people have been displaced.

273,411 people got food aid for a month in first four days of truce.

While 12 million people face food insecurity.

Casualties

Casualties

Role of Iran

Role of Pakistan

Pakistan

was asked by Saudi Arabia to join the Saudi-led Alliance.

Preferred to remain neutral.

Vowed to play a role of mediator.

Backed political solution of Yemen crisis.

Iranian FM Javad Zarif visited Pakistan to discuss Yemen crisis.

Summoned joint session of parliament from 6 to 10 April and adopted a

resolution to remain neutral in the conflict.

Role of Pakistan Draft of Resolution

Conclusion/Recommendations

References

http

://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/08/yemen-houthis-hadi-protests-

201482132719818986.html

http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-14704951

http://www.arabnews.com/columns/news/750291

http://www1.american.edu/ted/ice/saudi-yemen.htm

http://www.yemenpost.net/Detail123456789.aspx?SubID=6873

http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-32776430

http://

reliefweb.int/report/yemen/yemen-humanitarian-pause-situation-report-no-4

Thank You

Questions/Answers