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Empathy: The Fundamental Skill Of Our Times

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Page 1: Empathy: The Fundamental Skill Of Our Times
Page 2: Empathy: The Fundamental Skill Of Our Times

October 2015Empathy: The Fundamental Skill Of Our Times

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WHAT DOES EMPATHY HAVE TO DO WITH BRANDS?

EVERYTHING

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THERE’S A DRAMATIC TRANSFORMATION TAKING PLACE…

Transparency is a key yardstick

to evaluate people and institutions

Growing collective

mobilisation to different causes

Social inequality

Overconsumption is taking

a bad rap

Scarcity of resources

…AND BRANDS CAN’T ESCAPE THIS NEW REALITY

Easier access to information make

people more aware of what’s

going on

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THERE’S A DRAMATIC TRANSFORMATION TAKING PLACE…

Transparency is a key yardstick

to evaluate people and institutions

Growing collective

mobilisation to different causes

Social inequality

Overconsumption is taking

a bad rap

Scarcity of resources

…AND BRANDS CAN’T ESCAPE THIS NEW REALITY

Easier access to information make

people more aware of what’s

going on

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WITHIN THIS NEW ENVIRONMENT, A BRAND CAN’T HIDE AWAY FROM ASSUMING ITS ROLE IN THE SOCIETY AND WITH

ITS STAKEHOLDERS

AND TO DO THAT, IT NEEDS TO BE EMPHATETIC IN THE FIRST PLACE

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Mr Burns, The Simpsons

A BRAND THAT DOESN’T REALLY CARE ABOUT PEOPLE, THAT DOESN’T TRY TO PUT ITSELF IN PEOPLE’S PLACE, DOES SO AT ITS OWN RISK. IT RISKS LOOKING MANIPULATIVE, INTERESTED ONLY IN THE SHORT TERM PROFIT AT ALL COSTS.

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DOES THIS RING A BELL?

Jan/2015

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THINK ABOUT CONSUMERS NOT AS SOMEONE WHO’S GOING TO BUY YOUR

PRODUCT, BUT AS SOMEONE WHO WISHES THAT THE WORLD IS A GOOD

PLACE TO LIVE IN. WHAT ARE YOU DOING TO SHOW HIM

THAT YOU CARE?”

PHILIP KOTLER (2014)

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WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BE ANEMPHATETIC BRAND?

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EMPATHY IS NOT SYNONYMOUS WITH

SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, BUT TO PUT ITSELF IN THE

PLACE OF THE INDIVIDUAL TO CARE ABOUT THE WORLD IS A WAY TO CULTIVATE EMPATHY.

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Volvo has built itself as a brand having safety as a platform. The brand could not ignore the fact that the same person who drives its cars, in other moments, could also be a pedestrian or a cyclist as well. They then developed an invisible paint that glows in the dark and helps to prevent accidents.

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EMPATHY IS NOT SIMPLY ABOUT CARING ABOUT

MINORITIES. BUT TO THINK A MANNER TO PUT ITSELF IN OTHER PEOPLE’S SHOES IN

ORDER NOT TO OFFEND, HURT, OR SEGREGATE MINORITIES IS

ONE OF THE WAYS TO BE EMPHATETIC.

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Google developed a design guide so that designers can apply basic principles of accessibility to people with daltonism, myopia and other types of visual and hearing impairment.

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EMPATHY IS NOT SIMPLY ABOUT CARING ABOUT

MINORITIES. BUT TO THINK A MANNER TO PUT ITSELF IN OTHER PEOPLE’S SHOES IN

ORDER NOT TO OFFEND, HURT, OR SEGREGATE

MINORITIES IS ONE OF THE WAYS TO BE EMPHATETIC.

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(1.5% of sales)

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REDUCE WE make useful gear that lasts a long time

YOU don’t buy what you don’t need

REPAIR WE help you repair your Patagonia gear

YOU pledge to fix what's broken

REUSE WE help find a home for Patagonia gear

you no longer need YOU sell or pass it on*

RECYCLE WE will take back your Patagonia gear that

is worn out YOU pledge to keep your stuff out of the

landfill and incinerator

REIMAGINE TOGETHER we reimagine a world where we

take only what nature can replace

DON’T BUYTHIS JACKET

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WE ARE WITNESSING THE BIRTH OF

THE CONSCIOUS CAPITALISM

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Em 2012 a FCB Brasil desenvolveu um importante estudo sobre a

CONFIANÇA e TRANSPARÊNCIA.

2012FCB’S INTEREST FOREMPATHYIS NOT RECENT

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IN 2012, FCB BRAZIL DEVELOPED AN IMPORTANT STUDY ABOUT TRUST AND

TRANSPARENCY

2012

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We found out the importance of TRUST and TRANSPARENCY to create a true BOND between people and brands

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Body language

naturalness

straight look

straight message

Knowledge

experience

historical

Instinct“gut

feeling” Knows how to listen

empathy

acceptance understan

d predict

Union sincerity

honesty

comfort

family

securityprotection

welcomed

believe share

clarity

selfconfidence

anxiety

innocence

cheated

risk

death

“peace of mind”

choices decisions

vulnerable

freedom fear

botheredintimidated

goalssuccess judged

sadness

shameremorse

anger

insecurity

don’t know what they want

miss understood

dependent

betrayal

change of mind

Attributes

EmotionsPsychosocial result

Functional result

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Body language

naturalness

straight look

straight message

Knowledge

experience historical

Instinct “gut feeling”

Knows how to listen

acceptance reciprocity understan

d predict

Union sincerity

honesty

comfort

family

protection

welcomed

believe share

clarity

self confidence

anxiety

innocence

cheated

risk

death

“peace of mind”

choices decisions

vulnerable

fear

bothered intimidated

goals success judged

sadness

shameremorse

anger

insecurity

don’t know what they

want

miss understood

dependent

betrayal

change of mind

Attributes

Emotions

Psychosocial result

Functional result

EMPATHY

SECURITYFREEDOM

1

2 3

3 POSITIVE EMOTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH TRUST

NEXT TO SECURITY AND FREEDOM, EMPATHY WAS PLACED AS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT DIMENSIONS OF TRUST

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TODAY, 3 YEARS AFTER THE TRUSTPARENCY STUDY, EMPATHY HAS BECOME A HOT SUBJECT, AND THUS FCB INVITED CO.R

INNOVATION TO, TOGETHER, EXPLORE THIS TOPIC

2015

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HOW MANY HERE WOULD ANSWER THIS QUESTION WITHOUT HESITATION?

WHAT IS EMPATHY AFTER ALL?

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EMPATHY IS THE ART OF PUTTING YOURSELF IN OTHER

PEOPLE’S SHOES THROUGH IMAGINATION, UNDERSTAND

THEIR FEELINGS AND PERSPECTIVES, AND USE THAT UNDERSTAIND TO GUIDE YOUR

OWN ACTIONS"

SIMON BARON-COHEN, PH.D. IN PSYCHOLOGY AND PROFESSOR AT

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY

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Sympathy is superficial, it’s disconnected. Empathy is about understanding and ‘getting inside’ other people’s feelings.

compassion is about feeling piety and sadness for the other, even without fully understanding their feelings. it’s the desire to heal the pain at once and to stop the other FROM suffering.

Empathy is the capacity to understand the beliefs, experiences, and ideas of the other, by feeling sadness or happiness together with him or her.

SYMPATHY ANTIPATHY

EMPATHY APATHYx

x

IT’S DIFFERENT FROM COMPASSIONfrom the greek com-pati: (suffer together)

from the greek syn-pathos (feeling together)

IT’S DIFFERENT FROM SYMPATHY

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PEOPLE USUALLY CREATE THEIR OWN NARRATIVE, BASED ON THEIR OWN EXPERIENCES AND VALUES, NOT NECESSARILY ON OTHER’S REAL FEELINGS

IN THEORY, EMPATHY IS ABOUT THE OTHER. BUT IN REALITY IT’S VERY HARD TO LEAVE OUR OWN SELVES.

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POR ISSO A NOÇÃO

DO ‘EU' TAMBÉM É

FUNDAMENTAL PARA A

EMPATIA

O EU PRECISA ESTAR BEM RESOLVIDO PARA SE PODER ENTÃO SER EMPÁTICO VERDADEIRAMENTE PELO OUTRO: SENTIR COM A PESSOA A PARTIR DO QUE ELA SENTE.

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I WAS INSIDE THE CARRIAGE AND SAW THE BLIND WOMAN

IN THE PLATFORM, ALONE, WITHOUT KNOWING WHERE

TO GO AND EVERYBODY PASSING BY. NOBODY HELPED

HER. I COULDN’T HELP BUT WONDER THAT SHE MUST’VE

BEEN OUTRAGED. I WAS OUTRAGED. HOW COULD

PEOPLE NOT HELP HER?

CO.R NA RUA

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EMPATHY TAKES PLACE WHEN MY

STORY CONFOUNDS WITH YOUR STORY

GIVEN THE DIFFERENT DEFINITIONS AND SCHOOLS

OF THOUGHTS, WE DECIDED TO CREATE OUR OWN

DEFINITION OF EMPATHY:

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EMPATIA É QUANDO A MINHA

HISTÓRIA SE CONFUNDE COM

A SUA HISTÓRIA

THIS IS THE FIRST STEP TO A TRUE CONNECTION.

FROM THE MOMENT YOU FEEL EMPATHY FOR THE OTHER

BOTH STORIES CHANGE

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EMPATIA É QUANDO A MINHA

HISTÓRIA SE CONFUNDE COM

A SUA HISTÓRIA

ESTE É O PRIMEIRO PASSO PARA UMA CONEXÃO

VERDADEIRA.

A PARTIR DO MOMENTO EM QUE VOCÊ SENTE EMPATIA EMPATHY:

HOW RELEVANT IT IS NOWADAYS?

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THERE’S A LOT OF TALK ABOUT EMPATHY NOWADAYS…

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…BUT THIS DOESN’T NECESSARILY TRANSLATES TO THE REAL WORLD RIGHT AWAY

THERE’S A LOT OF TALK ABOUT EMPATHY NOWADAYS…

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IF, ON ONE HAND, WE SEE INTOLERANCE EVERYWHERE…

…ON THE OTHER HAND, WE SEE DEMONSTRATIONS OF EMPATHY: WE’RE PAYING MORE ATTENTION TO DIFFERENCES AND RESPECTING AND LISTENING TO MINORITY GROUPS THAT WERE LONG IGNORED.

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ON ONE SIDE, INDIVIDUALISM,

A RESULT OF AN IDEOLOGY THAT

FAVORS PERSONAL INTERESTS.

THERE ARE TWO OPPOSING FORCES AT PLAY

ON THE OTHER SIDE, A MOVEMENT THAT CELEBRATES EMPATHY, WHICH TRANSLATES ITSELF INTO THE SEARCH FOR MORE HUMAN AND CARING RELATIONSHIPS AND TRUE CONNECTIONS.

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EMPATHY IS THE ANTIDOTE FOR THE BLIND INDIVIDUALISM THAT WE

INHERITED FROM THE PAST CENTURY”

ROMAN KRZNARIC AUTHOR

FOUNDER ‘MUSEUM OF EMPATHY'

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EMPATHY:HOW DOES IT HAPPEN?

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ALGUMAS DAS QUESTÕES QUE GUIARAM O ESTUDO

DO BRANDS IN BRAZIL TRIGGER

EMPATHY?

WHICH SEGMENTS OF THE

POPULATION FEEL MORE EMPATHY?

HOW DOES EMPATHY

HAPPEN? WHAT’S THE PROCESS?

DO BRAZILIANS FEEL EMPATHY?

TO WHICH DEGREE?

WHAT CAUSES PEOPLE TO

EFFECTIVELY TAKE ACTION?

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METODOLOGIAS

QUALITATIVE

80 street interviews, exploring understanding about empathy.

4 in-depth interviews with experts: - Hilaine Yaccoub

(Anthropologist), - Tulio Custódio (Sociologist), - Claudia Niemeyer (App

Designer) - Eric Eustáquio (Coletivo Utopia)

QUANTITATIVE

1,292 online interviews representing the Brazilian adult population, ABC classes.

Conducted by Instituto Quantas (Karla Mendes), based on a consumer panel, from June 25th to July 7th 2015

ANALYSIS

10 Strategic Planners from FCB + CO.R: Pedro Cruz (FCB) Raphael Barreto (FCB) Nelson Kuniyoshi (FCB) Marilia Moreira (FCB) Renata Costa Pinto (FCB) Rita Almeida (CO.R) Mariana Loducca Kok (CO.R) Diego Dumont (CO.R) Maeda Camarcio Barbosa (CO.R) Ligia Paes de Barros (CO.R)

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EMPATHY?WHAT IS

(OUT ON THE STREETS)

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?????

So, what is empathy?

No one could answer with assertation what empathy was all about. Most people confounded empathy with sympathy.

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You know, when you put yourself in

someone else’s shoes.

Oh yeah, there was that

occasion…

After we explained the concept of empathy, almost all people interviewed managed to recall some occasion in which they felt empathy.

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I’m homosexual and I’m afraid about what my

future will be and that people won’t

like me.

It’s difficult for people to associate happy

situations with empathy

“It’s more common when you see somebody going

through some situation you don’t want for yourself"

USUALLY SOMEONE ELSE’S

PAIN TRIGGERS EMPATHY

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‘VULNERABILITY' TRIGGERS EMPATHYThe person who puts herself in someone else’s shoes allows herself to feel the same pain, so she needs to show her own vulnerability as well.

“When I’m in a rush, it’s more difficult to feel empathy because it’s not really all the time that I want to feel down with everything I see"

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EMPATHY IS STRONGER WHEN IT TRIGGERS A MEMORY

Especially if the situation is related to

something we commonly see on a

day to day basis.

The person remembers a past

experience and projects that memory

into the other.

“I’ve been through this, I know how

bad it is, so every time I see this, it

calls my attention”

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THE PROCESS OF AWAKENING OF

EMPATHYTo be present creates a personal narrative

To look To actually see

(pay attention)

connection

thought

actiontriggers a feeling

be vulnerable

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WHEN THE PERSON FEELS

BUT TAKES NO ACTION

EMPATHY

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We don’t need to feel empathy to take action.

We can be moved to take action by some

moral or social code (when we give our seat

in the bus, for instance).

On the other hand, we could feel empathy and

take no action at all.

THE BARRIERS TO ACTION

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BARRIERS TO ACTION: 1. DEGREE OF DIFFICULTY

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BARRIERS TO ACTION 2. FEAR OF VIOLENCE

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AND WHEN DO PEOPLE TAKE ACTION?

“To feel empathy doesn’t necessarily mean we will help someone in need, but it is usually a

crucial step towards a generous action" Greater Good in Action, Berkeley University

Page 55: Empathy: The Fundamental Skill Of Our Times

taking action

“When I saw that woman humiliating the other, I immediately recalled when I was going through the same situation and I couldn’t keep quiet"

“There’s something about putting yourself in someone else’s place and helping her out that makes me feel good. I know that when I do this I’m attracting good things to myself'

1. EXPERIENCE 3. “KARMA”2. SENSIBILITY“I can’t explain why, but old people trigger something in me… I need to do something about it. Perhaps it’s because they remind me of my grandpa, but it’s not only that. It gets on my nerves”

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EMPATHYAND BRAZILIANS

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EMPATIÔMETRO (EMPATHY-O-METER)

We created an index to measure empathy, the Empatiômetro.

Instead of asking ‘are you emphatetic’?, we evaluate how the Brazilian population reacts to the 28 different situations we had identified in the qualitative part of the study as the most common situations that trigger empathy.

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AVERAGE EMPATHY =

EMPATHY LEVEL IN BRAZIL IS HIGH

(0-100 SCALE)69.5

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EMPATHY IN BRAZIL IS ASYMMETRIC: THERE ARE MORE PEOPLE WITH ABOVE AVERAGE EMPATHY THAN BELOW AVERAGE

POPULATION empathy curve (0-100 SCALE)

69.5is the average of

the population

total base 1,292 online interviews

low empathy

46% have above average empathy27% have below average empathy

medium low

empathy

average empathy

high empathy

medium high

empathy

17%13%

no empathy

full empathy

3.8%0.4%

14%

28% 29%

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ASSERTIVENNES OF RESPONSES ALLOWED US TO GROUP THE SITUATIONS IN 5 THEMES, FROM 'EXTREME VULNERABILITY' TO 'DAILY SITUATIONS'

HUNGER

PHYSICAL PAIN

PHYSICAL HANDICAP

MISERY

ABUSE

0 30 60 90 120

6

9

7

7

7

3

4

5

2

3

20

12

15

15

10

22

23

22

23

15

48515253

65

PUBLIC HUMILIATION

DISCRIMINATION

INJUSTICE

URBAN VIOLENCE

BULLYING AT WORK

0 30 60 90 120

6

7

5

7

7

3

6

5

5

4

23

21

21

19

18

24

23

25

19

21

434444

4949

GRAVE ILLNESS

death

depression

family estrangement

0 30 60 90 120

9

7

6

6

5

3

4

3

24

23

21

16

28

30

29

31

35

37

40

44

scarce natural resources

gargage littering

SOCIAL/ENVIRONMENT ACTIVISM

environmental problems

0 30 60 90 120

10

7

9

7

10

8

8

9

26

24

21

22

18

21

22

20

35

40

41

43

PROFESSIONAL SUCCESS

JOB LOSS

BALANCE IN LIFE

PARENTAL PROBLEMS

FINANCIAL PROBLEMS

RECONCILIATION

DAILY PROBLEMS

MARRIAGE PROBLEMS

SUFFERING FOR LOVE

GETTING MARRRIED 18

11

12

10

9

7

7

5

7

6

11

8

8

13

6

7

7

7

7

6

32

37

35

33

29

26

31

28

27

26

24

26

27

22

34

36

30

33

29

29

15

18

18

22

23

24

25

28

30

32

extreme vulnerability

moral violence

emotional suffering

environment

daily situations

I TRY TO HELP EVEN IF I’M NOT CLOSE TO THE PERSON

I TRY TO HELP ONLY IF I’M CLOSE TO THE PERSON

I PUT MYSELF IN HER PLACE AND LISTEN TO WHAT SHE HAS TO SAY

I PUT MYSELF IN HER PLACE, BUT DO NOTHING

I DON’T PUT MYSELF IN HER PLACE

POPULATION'S EMPATHY LEVELS ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT SITUATIONS (%)

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The correlation between past experience and empathy is positive

and significant although low.

The fact that the correlation is low means that the past experience

does have an impact on empathy, however it’s not a determining

factor.

PAST EXPERIENCE CONTRIBUTES TO EMPATHY

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- AMONG MEN

- LOW CLASS C2

- AMONG PEOPLE FROM THE NORTH/

CENTER-WEST/NORTHEAST

- WITH LESS LOVING CONNECTIONS:

NO KIDS, NO PETS, NO RELIGION

WHERE WE FIND LESS EMPATHY

WHERE THERE IS MORE EMPATHY

THE HIGH AND LOW ENDS OF EMPATHY: POPULATION SEGMENTS THAT ARE MORE AND LESS EMPHATETIC

- AMONG WOMEN

- HIGH CLASS AB

- AMONG PEOPLE FROM SOUTHEAST /

SOUTH

- PEOPLE WITH MORE LOVE CONNECTIONS:

HAVE KIDS, PETS, RELIGION

- AMONG THOSE WHO DECLARE THEMSELVES

CONTENT, ESPECIALLY WITH THEIR

PERSONAL LIVES

Page 63: Empathy: The Fundamental Skill Of Our Times

THE ENGAGEMENT AWAKENINGWHAT CAN BRANDS LEARN FROM THE EMPATHY TRIGGERING

PROCESS? HOW CAN THEY ENCOURAGE PEOPLE TO TAKE ACTION?

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IF PAST EXPERIENCE, SENSITIVITY, AND

‘KARMA' ARE THE FACTORS THAT

INFLUENCE EMPATHY AND CALL PEOPLE TO

TAKE ACTION, HOW DOES IT WORK FOR

BRANDS?

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HOW DOES A BRAND TRIGGER EMPATHY AND ENGAGEMENT

People Brands

1.

2.

3.

EXPERIENCE

SENSITIVITY

'KARMA'

MEMORY

CAUSE

PURPOSE

Page 66: Empathy: The Fundamental Skill Of Our Times

We feel more empathy towards people who share the same experiences. In the

case of brands, it’s a similar process.

Brands that share a positive memory with people and show that they also have a

history and humanity tend to trigger more empathy and engagement.

1.MEMORY

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P&G, in sponsoring the London Olympic Games could have used the traditional sports themes (victory, strenght, speed). Instead it decided to tell the story of the relationship between athletes and their moms.

Page 68: Empathy: The Fundamental Skill Of Our Times

A brand recognizes a specific tension, embraces it as a cause and take

actions to improve it.

It’s not necessarily the brand's reason to be, but it engages actively to improve

the cause.

2.CausE

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'O Boticário' showed its respect for

sexual diversity and its support

behind all kinds of love.

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ALWAYS was recognised cos an important campaign that

promotes gender equality

What does it mean to do things #LikeAGirl?

Page 71: Empathy: The Fundamental Skill Of Our Times

3. purposeThe brand is conscious about its

place in society and assumes a role as an agent of social change.

Business and purpose are interdependent, one feeds the other

and vice versa.

The most common approach is the ‘Buy One Give One’ model, each

brand adapting to its business model.

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EMPATIA É QUANDO A MINHA

HISTÓRIA SE CONFUNDE COM

A SUA HISTÓRIA

ESTE É O PRIMEIRO PASSO PARA UMA CONEXÃO

VERDADEIRA.

A PARTIR DO MOMENTO EM QUE VOCÊ SENTE EMPATIA

EMPATHY IN THE BANK,

CAR, AND BEER CATEGORIES IN

BRAZIL

Page 75: Empathy: The Fundamental Skill Of Our Times

BANKS AUTOMOBILES BEERS

WHICH BRAND PUTS ITSELF IN CONSUMER'S PLACE THE MOST, SEEKS TO UNDERSTAND

CONSUMERS?

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0 10.7143 19.6429 26.7857 35.7143 42.8571 50 57.1429 64.2857 71.4286 78.5714 85.7143 92.8571 100

0.7 4.93 25 40 55 75

POPULATION’S EMPATHY IS HIGH BUT THE SAME CAN’T BE SAID ABOUT BRANDS

EMPATHY DISTRIBUTION

(0-100 SCALE) (%)

48% of the respondents don’t see any brand

performing in any of the 28 emphatic

situations

48%

zero empathy 7,9

69,5

BRA

ND

SPO

PULA

TIO

N

BRANDS' AVERAGE EMPATHY =

POPULATION'S AVERAGE EMPATHY =

0-100 SCALE

0-100 SCALE

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MOST COMMON OPINION IS THAT NO BRAND TRIGGERS EMPHATHY.

WHICH BRAND PUTS ITSELF IN CONSUMER'S PLACE THE MOST, SEEKS TO UNDERSTAND CONSUMERS?

(PROBED AND ONLY ANSWER IN %)

26% THINK NONE OF THE BANK BRANDS triggers empathy

36% THINK NONE OF THE CAR BRANDS triggers empathy

45% THINK NONE OF THE BEER BRANDS triggers empathy

Page 78: Empathy: The Fundamental Skill Of Our Times

BANKS TRIGGER MORE EMPATHY THAN CARS AND BEERS

74% perceive at least one bank brand as triggering empathyMore favorable perception

is due to public banks, which finance mortages at

lower rates, and support people during difficult

moments (unemployment insurance, retirement

benefits, etc.)55%

perceive at least one beer brand as triggering empathy

64% perceive at least one car brand as triggering empathy

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BRANDS AND EMPATHY IN BRAZIL

BRANDS TRIGGER EMPHATHY

ESPECIALLY IN THE DAILY

MATTERS OCCASIONS

CATEGORIES ASSOCIATED WITH

FUN DO NOT TRIGGER EMPATHY

‘BY DEFAULT'”

PERCEPTION OF EMPATHY VARIES ACCORDING TO THE CATEGORY

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QUESTIONS TO CULTIVATE

EMPATHY IN BRANDS

5

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Does your brand see the human being, not just the consumer? Does it place itself in their place? Not just to sell, but to help them tell their life stories?

5

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Does your brand listen to people attentively and carries out a truthful dialog?

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Does your brand embrace people’s vulnerabilities and show its own's?

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Is your brand willing to make sacrifices in order to benefit the community?

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Your brand’s purpose is linked to an important social need?

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TO LEARN MORE ABOUT EMPATHY

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rEFERENCES “Tootsie never was a comedy for me” Interview with Dustin Hoffman for the American Film Institute https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xPAat-T1uhE

Empathy Museum http://www.empathymuseum.com/

“Empathy vs Simpathy" Brené Brown https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Evwgu369Jw

“The Empathetic Civilisation" Jeremy Rifkin https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l7AWnfFRc7g

Roman Krznaric: "Empathy Why It Matters & How to Get It" | Talks At Google https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lN4MRYIoCS0

Empathy: Why it matters and how to get it, by Roman Krznaric http://www.amazon.com/Empathy-Why-Matters-How-Get/dp/0399171398

Empatia no Medium: https://medium.com/@empatia

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Empatia ON Medium: https://medium.com/@empatia

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WITH THANKS

Obrigado. :)

Alice Alcântara Flavia Antoniolli Bruno Cantarim Stephanie Day André Ferros César Fuster Rafael Gonçales Cleo Hosokawa

Bianca Reame Bárbara Rolim Frederico Steinhoff Natália Sayão Juliano Teixeira Carol Valentim Livia Wu Fernanda Xavier

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Empatia no Medium: https://medium.com/@empatia

THE END