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* GB785643 (A)

Description: GB785643 (A) ? 1957-10-30

Cleaning device for the printing block wiper band in intaglio printing andembossing presses

Description of GB785643 (A)

PATENT SPECIFICATION 785,643 ffmt Date of Applicaton and filing Complete Specification: Nov 18, 1953. No 31933/53. Application made in Germany on Nov 24, 1952. Complete Specification Published: Oct 30, 1957. Index at acceptance:-Class 100 ( 2), Cl OHSF( 1: 2: 3: 4).

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* GB785644 (A)

Description: GB785644 (A) ? 1957-10-30

Improvements in saponaceous detergents


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CH336540 (A) FR1135490 (A) US3026265 (A) CH336540 (A) FR1135490 (A) US3026265 (A) less Translate this text into Tooltip

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The EPO does not accept any responsibility for the accuracy of data and information originating from other authorities than the EPO; in particular, the EPO does not guarantee that they are complete, up-to-date or fit for specific purposes.

PATENT SPECIFICATION Inventors: GEORGE ALEXANDER CAMP BELL and DONALD KEAREY HOWARD 785,644 o Date of filing Complete Specification: Sept 6, 1955. as D Application Date: Sept 9, 1954 No 26087/54. Complete Specification Published: Oct 30, 1957. Index at acceptance: -Class 91, 52 H. International Classification:-Clld. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Improvements in 'Saponaceous Detergents We, THE GEIGY COMPANY LIMITED, a British Company, of 21, Spring Gardens, Manchester 2, Lancashire, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: This invention relates to improvements in saponaceous detergents, i e detergents based on common soaps, the alkali metal salts of long-chain fatty acids. The poor performance of such products in hard water is well known, and it is further known that the incorporation in such a detergent of a complexing agent for the metallic ion content of hard water, in particular calcium, is of material assistance in improving this poor performance. It has been suggested, for example, that the incorporation of an alkali metal salt of an organic complexing agent of the polyamino polycarboxylic acid type, such as ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid, might be advantageous in improving the performance in hard water of soaps, and this is indeed the case Serious difficulty is, however, encountered if an attempt is made to incorporate substantial quantities, e g 10 % by weight and upwards of an alkali metal salt of ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (hereinafter referred to as EDTA) in a common soap; the physical properties of the soap are impaired

and/or there is a tendency for " salting-out " of some part of the soap when dissolved in water It has been suggested that this difficulty can be obviated by using the sodium tri-salt of EDTA We have found, however, that even when this salt is used, a soap containing as much as 10 % by weight cannot be satisfactorily produced Quantities of 10 % and upwards by weight of alkali metal salts of EDTA appear to be incompatible with common soap. According to the present invention there is lPrce 3 s 6 d l provided a solid saponaceous detergent comprising common soap and an alkylolamine trisalt of EDTA It has been found that the alkylolamine salts of EDTA are much more compatible with common soap than are the 50 alkali metal salts Preferably there is provided a solid saponaceous detergent comprising common soap and at least 10 % or, most suitably, at least 20 % of a mixture of alkali metal tri-salt and of alkylolamine tri-salt of 55 EDTA, the amount of alkylolamine salt being at least one third that of the alkali metal salt by weight, preferably between one third and an equal amount by weight It is preferred to employ the sodium tri-salt of EDTA It is 60 preferred to employ the tri-ethanolamine trisalt of EDTA. The saponaceous detergents of the present invention are of particular value for the decontamination of surfaces, including the body 65 surfaces of human beings and other living animals, when such surfaces have become contaminated by heavy metals especially radioactive materials such as fission products from an atomic pile They are also of value for the 70 cleansing of laboratory and industrial equipment, buildings and clothing which may have been similarly contaminated For such decontamination it is desirable to have a detergent which contains a very high proportion of com 75 plexing agent for heavy metals. The incompatibility of large quantities of alkali metal salts of EDTA with common soap manifests itself in the difficult workability of the soap mix and in a tendency to salt out the 80 soap when aqueous solutions are made For example, the incorporation of 20 % by weight of the sodium tri-salt of EDTA in common soap gives a mix which is almost a powder and cannot be milled The incorporation of 85 % by weight of the triethanolamine tri-salt of EDTA alone in a common soap gives a product which is rather too sticky to be wholly convenient Incorporation in a common soap of 10 % by weight of the sodium tri-salt and 90 1 z pl-1 % by weight of the triethanolamine tri-salt gives a soap which is readily workable and does not show salting out on solution in water. In general, 10 % by weight and upwards of EDTA salt can be incorporated in common soap so long as at least one quarter of it is in the form of its trialkylolamine tri-salt and the remainder in the

form of its alkali metal tri-salt and provided that it is milled into the soap. The invention is illustrated by the following examples: - EXAMPLE 1. To a toilet soap base during milling were added separately or mixed together, 10 % each of the sodium tri-salt of ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid and the molten triethanolamine tri-salt of the same acid. The product milled and plodded satisfactorily, whereas if 20 %,' of sodium tri-salt of ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid were used alone, a quite unworkable product was obtained The resulting soap could be stamped into bars or framed into flakes and was a highly efficient decontaminating agent for surfaces contaminated with radioactive or other heavy metal compounds. EXAMPLE 2. In Example 1, the additives therein referred to were substituted by 15 % of the sodium tri-salt of ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid and 5 % of the triethanolamine tri-salt of the same acid as d 60 % aqueous solution The two salts were incorporated as a mixture A soap product similar to that of Example 1, but rather more easily workable, was produced.


* GB785645 (A)

Description: GB785645 (A) ? 1957-10-30

Fertilizers

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The EPO does not accept any responsibility for the accuracy of data and information originating from other authorities than the EPO; in particular, the EPO does not guarantee that they are complete, up-to-date or fit for specific purposes.

PATENT SPECIFICATION Inventors: THOMAS PRIDE DEE and ALLAN LEONARD WHYNES 785,645 Date of filing Complete Specification: Nov 18, 1955. Application Date: Oct 8, 1954. Complete Specification Published: Oct 30, 1957. Index at acceptance:-Classes 94 ( 1), C 23; and 111, 133 C( 1: 3: 4), B 4. International Classification:-B 65 b C 05 b, c, d. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Fertilizers We, FISO Ns LIMITED, a British Company of Harvest House, Felixstowe, Suffolk, England, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- The present invention relates to an improved method for the prevention of caking of granulated fertilizers. It is known that fertilizer materials in granular form containing superphosphates are liable to caking on storage either in bulk or in packages, and various methods have been tried to overcome this disadvantage. It has now been found that by spraying the fertilizer material with a solution containing a urea-formaldehyde condensation product a coating of urea-formaldehyde condensation product may be obtained and the liability of caking of the fertilizer material is reduced or eliminated. Accordingly the present invention is for a process for the treatment of granular fertilizer materials which comprises spraying the individual granules with an aqueous solution containing a urea-formaldehyde condensation product. In carrying out the process of the present invention the aqueous solution of urea and formaldehyde must be in a condition in which it may be sprayed and also such as to form a " skin " of condensation product on the granules of fertilizer The amount of ureaformaldehyde used may vary over a wide range, but suitably it is used in amount corresponding to 1-5 % by weight of the weight of the fertilizer, and suitably about 2 % by weight thereof The concentration of the aqueous solution used may also vary over a wide range and is suitably 60-80 %

by weight. Urea-formaldehyde condensation products may be obtained from mixtures containing various urea: formaldehyde mole ratios and where the p H of the reaction mixture may vary from acid to alkaline The properties of the material obtained are determined principally by the urea: formaldehyde ratio and the p H of the reaction mixture, and alteration 50 of these variables leads to distinct differences in the product obtained. It is preferred to use in the process of the present invention urea-formaldehyde solutions where the urea: formaldehyde molecule ratio 55 is greater than 1 and wherein the p H of the solution is in the neutral and acid ranges, although it is to be understood that the process of the invention is not limited to the use of such solutions 60 According to a preferred embodiment of the invention the granular fertilizer material is treated with a solution of urea-formaldehyde wherein the urea: formaldehyde molecular ratio is 13-1 6 and suitably about 1 4, the 65 p H of this solution being desirably about 3 6. A solution of this nature may be prepared by adding solid urea to an aqueous solution of formaldehyde, which suitably comprises the commercially available formalin which con 70 tains 36-4 Q% by weight of formaldehyde. The urea-formaldehyde solutions, particularly those according to the preferred embodiment of the invention, are liable to form resins in a comparatively short time, and there 75 fore, such solutions are desirably only prepared immediately before they are to be used. In the preparation of the urea-formaldehyde solutions it may be desirable to heat the re 80 actants, for example to a temperature in the range 40 '-60 ' C. The treatment of the granulated fertilizer may be carried out before or after cooling and before or after sieving as is desired One 85 feature which will determine the method of treatment will be the desired final moisture content of the product Thus for example the granulated fertilizer in a hot condition, for example at a temperature of about 700 C, 90 may be sprayed with the urea-formaldehyde solution at or about the same temperature. No 29006/54. Alternatively the granulated fertilizer may be sprayed with the solution and thereafter heated or dried. The spraying of the granulated fertilizer is suitably effected by means of fine sprays or jets of standard construction which spray into relatively small amounts of the fertilizer-as for example while it is carried on a conveyor belt or while the granulated fertilizer is falling in a stream from a conveyor or like source. The granular fertilizer material treated according to the present

invention may be one containing superphosphates, such as triple superphosphates, or ammonium salts, or other materials or mixtures used as fertilizers. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention the fertilizer treated is one containing superphosphates, an ammonium salt such as ammonium sulphate and potassium chloride, for example containing 9 % O nitrogen, 9 % total phosphorus pentoxide and 15 % potassium oxide Alternatively, the fertilizer treated may suitably contain or comprise ammonium salts such as ammonium nitrate or ammonium sulphate-nitrate. The following examples are given to illusrate the process of the present invention: EXAMPLE 1. 42.3 parts of crystalline urea were added to 40 parts of commercial formalin ( 37 % formaldehyde) and complete solution obtained by heating to 450 C Granular material containing superphosphates, ammonium sulphate and potassium chloride was sprayed with this solution at the rate of 23 5 parts of the solution per 1120 parts of fertilizer The granular material so treated showed no signs of caking on storage. EXAMPLE 2. Granular fertilizer material containing superphosphates, ammonium sulphate and potassium chloride at a temperature of 50 700 C was sprayed with a solution of ureaformaldehyde at a temperature of 70 C at the rate of 23 5 parts of solution per 1120 parts of fertilizer The urea-formaldehyde solution was prepared by heating a mixture of 42.3 parts of urea in 40 parts of commercial formalin The treated granular material showed no signs of caking on storage.


* GB785646 (A)

Description: GB785646 (A) ? 1957-10-30

Improvements in or relating to window boxes and other receptacles forgrowing plants


COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Improvements in or relating to Window Boxes and other Receptacles for Growing Plants I, FRANK FORESTER FELTON, a British Subject, of 220, Brompton Road, Kensing- ton, London, S. W. 3, do hereby declare the invention, for which I pray that a patent may be granted to me, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement :- This invention relates to window boxes and other receptacles for growing plants and which are designed to prevent water running out from the bottom of the box or receptacle after watering the plants therein, whilst nevertheless affording access of air to the bottom of the body of soil in said box or receptacle as is necessary to maintain same in proper condition. The invention concerns boxes or other receptacles for the above purpose of the kind having a passage extending through the base and encompassed above said base by an endless wall or tube which upstands within the box or receptacle and constitutes a barrier for water retention, thereby to prevent any water which collects at the bottom of the box or receptacle running out through the said passage, there being provided also a baffle which overlies the said wall or tube in spaced relation thereto, said baffle constituting a roof for supporting soil above said wall or tube thereby to prevent said passage becoming blocked, the space afforded between the baffle and the top of the said wall or tube affording ventilation to the soil by way of the passage. In boxes or receptacles of the above kind it has been proposed to form the baffle as a perforated dome which encompasses the upwardly-extending wall or tube. According to the present invention the baffle is constituted by an open-ended strip which is of inverted channel shape in cross-section, said strip being secured to the bottom of the box or receptacle. A window box of convenient form in accordance with the invention will now be described by way of example and is shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein :- Figure 1 is a front perspective view in which the front wall is shown partly broken away to reveal the features provided by the invention, Figure 2 is a longitudinal section, and

Figure 3 is a cross section on line III-III in Figure 2. A metal window-box 1 is provided with a vertical passage 2 disposed intermediately in the length and width of said box. This passage is constituted by the interior of a short length of metal tubing 3 which upstands from the box bottom, and it extends through said bottom. An inverted substantially U-shaped baffle strip or plate 4 having a bridging portion 5 of substantially greater area than the cross-sectional area of the passage 2 is secured to the box bottom to upstand therefrom, for which purpose the said strip or plate may have outwardly-directed flanges 6 at the bottom of its vertical cheeks. This baffle strip or plate 4 is open-ended and may be disposed with its channel transversely of the box as shown and may extend across the major portion of the width of said box. The strip is so disposed that the passage 2 is central with respect to the bridging portion 5 of the strip ; this bridging portion 5 is spaced from the top of the tube 3. The baffle strip 4 may be of metal or other suitable sheet material. The tube 3 serves as a barrier or weir to retain a suitable quantity of water at the bottom of the box, the passage 2 affording ventilation for the soil in the lower part of the box.


* GB785647 (A)

Description: GB785647 (A) ? 1957-10-30

Improvements in or relating to methods of electric arc-welding


PATENT SPECIFICATION 785,647 f i ' Date of Application and filing Complete Specification: Nov 30, 1954

No 34651154. Application made in France on Dec 3, 1953. Complete Specification Published: Oct 30, 1957. Index at acceptance:-Class 83 ( 4), T( 1: 2 D 2: 2 J). International Classification:-B 23 k. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Improvements in or relating to methods of Electric Arc-Welding We, PHILIPS ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES LIMITED, of Spencer House, South Place, Finsbury, London, E C 2, a British Company, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- This invention relates to methods of electric arc-welding in which a weld is melted down on thin material, that is to say material of a thickness of 3 mms or less, with the use of an electrode having a continuous coating and having a thickness of the core of 2 5 mms or less. In welding thin material the electrode requires to be handled with greater care than is the case in welding thick material The melting must be maintained constant to avoid the risk of burning -through of the workpiece The appearance of the weld is in many cases very important in judging of the quality. The accuracy of handling is detrimentally affected due to the electrode holder, in the normal hand welding method, having to perform a double movement, the arc-carrying extremity being displaced along the welding seam and at the same time the holder being moved towards the work-piece at the same speed, at which the electrode melts down. As a result of the latter movement, the electrode is controlled, as long as it is still comparatively long, from a point located at a comparatively large distance from the workpiece, so that small irregularities in the control have an increased effect upon the movements of the arc-carrying extremity of the electrode Furthermore, the thin electrodes used for welding thin material are somewhat flexible, so that the arc-carrying extremity may start to vibrate and may thus be directed inaccurately to the proper point of application of the arc on the work-piece. It has already been suggested to utilise electrodes having a coated length of 20 cms. lPrice 3 s 6 d l and less, but in this case only the two lastmentioned disadvantages are mitigated On the other hand, as a result of the repeated exchange of the electrodes, the welding pro 50 cess is effected continuously through a short distance only and since the ignition of the arc flame on coagulated welding metal always results in an irregularity in the seam, the appearance of the weld is

detrimentally 55 affected more particularly if a long weld has to be melted down. According to the invention, the said disadvantages are mitigated by utilising an electrode having a coated length of more 60 than 50 cms, the welding current being supplied to its bare extremity, remote from the welding end, and the electrode being controlled by way of a roller feed device along which the electrode is moved at a speed 65 equal to that, at which it bums off, which feed device is maintained at a distance of 10 cms or less from the work-piece. A suitable distance between the rollerfeed device and the arc-carrying extremity is 70 for example 5 cms. In certain cases use is made of a method in which a long electrode is also controlled at a short distance from the work-piece by way of a roller feed device However, the 75 current is in this case also supplied via the roller feed device and for this electrode either consists of a bare wire, or is provided with a coating of great conductivity This method, which is thus not suitable for weld 80 ing with normally coated electrodes, is used in those cases, in which a high welding speed is desired and the appearance of the weld does not play a predominant part in judging of the quality Furthermore, in these auto 85 matic welding methods, straight welds are always established horizontally, since the large amount of metal melted down per unittime makes a reciprocal movement superfluous However, since the appearance in weld 90 ing on thin material is an important factor, so that welding is effected at low speed and hence at low current strength-in most cases amps or less in comparison with from 400 to 1,000 amps and more in heavy welding cases the considerations which have led to the above-mentioned method do not apply in the last-mentioned case. In the method according to the invention, the electrode can be handled better and it is possible to melt down a long regular and continuous weld Use is preferably made of an electrode having a length which is considerably greater than that commonly employed for coated electrodes, which electrode is slightly flexible and may thus be coiled into a drum Of electrodes exhibiting a brittle coating, the flexibility may be improved in known manner by including in it fibrous substances The method comprises using a flexible electrode which is wound as a spiral in a drum from which it is unwound by a roller device which feeds the electrode towards the work-piece thereby rotating the drum. Such a welding apparatus may advantageously have the form of a welding apparatus in which the device is supported by a handle and the electrode is guided by hand, since the electrode is comparatively light in weight per unit-length and the apparatus may be of a light

construction It has been found that a large number of welders who can readily melt down a weld of good quality on thick material, encounter great difficulty if the welding operation has to be effected on thin material, more particularly if the weld cannot be done horizontally, but must be arranged, for example, vertically or overhead. In this case a normal welder may readily melt down a weld of good quality by utilising the method according to the invention. In order that the invention may be readily carried into effect, it will now bje described with reference to the accompanying drawing, showing by way of example, a side-view of one embodiment according thereto. Reference numeral 1 indicates the workpiece, an iron plate having a thickness of 2 mms, on which a weld 2 is provided by melting down a welding wire 3 having a core thickness of 2 5 mms or less The welding wire 3 melts off at 4 due to a welding arc burning between the end 4 and the workpiece 1 The end 4 of welding wire 3 is directed in the desired direction by guide rollers 5, 6, 7, which direction may be varied by moving the welding apparatus which the welder holds by a handle 8 The welder also adjusts the distance between the guide roller and the work-piece to be short enough, by regulating the speed at which the wire is fed towards the work-piece so that troublesome vibration of the end of the welding wire cannot occur Of the three guide rollers, the roller 6 constitutes an electrode feed device and is driven by an electric motor 9 via speed reduction gear wheels 10 and 11 A plurality of serrations are provided on the surface of roller 6, which comes into contact with the welding wire, in order to avoid slipping The handle 8 contains a variable resistance (not shown) which permits of con 70 trolling the speed of rotation of roller 6 and hence the speed at which the welding wire 3 is moved to the work-piece The welding wire 3 is contained in the rolled-up state in a drum 12, which can rotate about a shaft 75 13, the wire being guided from the drum flange by the rollers 5, 6 and 7; The drum has a diameter such that the coating of the welding wire is not damnaged when the welding wire is coiled into the drum, the diameter 80 of which is 35 cms The drum may contain 250 cms of coated welding wire of 3 5 mm. in diameter A clamp for securing the end of the welding wire, remote from the welding end, to one end of a current collecting 85 arm 18, which is rotatable about the spindle 13, is provided in the drum at 14 The clamp 14 can rotate, together with the drum 12, about the shaft 13 and is connected to one pole of the welding-current generator (not 90 shown). During welding the welding wire is slowly fed out of the drum and led to the workpiece by means of the driven roller 6 The speed may be so adjusted by the welder via 95 the resistance in handle 8 that this

speed is equal to the speed, at which the welding wire is melted by the arc.


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