Seminar on Transcultural Nursing

By Mousumi Mondal

MSc nursing 1st year N.I.O.H, kolkata

Historical perspectives• In 1950’s Dr.Madeleine Leininger

noted cultural differences between patients and nurses while working with emotionally disturbed children.

• The transcultural nursing has its roots in early 1990’s. during the 19th century the civilization or culture was something achieved by the society.

According to, American Nursing Association

Transcultural nursing is consideration of individual value system and lifestyle should be included in the planning and health care for each client nursing curriculum recognize the contribution of nursing to the health care needs of a divers and multicultural society life style may reflect culture heritage.

Definition of Transcultural Nursing A substantive area of study and practice

focused on comparative cultural care (caring) values, beliefs, and practices of individuals or groups of similar or different cultures with the goal of providing culture-specific and universal nursing care practices in promoting health or well-being or to help people to face unfavorable human conditions, illness, or death in culturally meaningful ways.

- Leininger

Purposes of transcultural nursing•To make growing awareness acceptance of diversity

and willingness to maintain and support ethnic and cultural heritage.

•To give competent and sensitive health care.

•To provide holistic and comprehensive approach in client care.

Important terminologies •Culture•Cultural identity•Material culture•Non material culture•Subculture•Bicultural•Cultural imposition•Cultural values•Cultural shock

Cont,•Religion•Ethnicity•Ethnic group•Diversity•Race•Cultural awareness•Cultural knowledge • Cultural skill•Cultural encounter •Cultural desire

Culture and health care

Culturally congruent care•Care that fits the people’s valued life

patterns and set of meanings which is generated from the peoples themselves, rather than based on the predetermined criteria.

Culturally competent care•Cultural congruent is a set of congruent behavior, attitudes, and policies that come together in a system, agency or among professionals and enable that system, agency or those professions to work effectively in cross cultural situations.

Health practices in different culture Use of protective

objects

Use of substances

Traditional remedies/ folk medicine

Healers

Healers

Cultural group

Chinese and southeast Asians

Asian Indian

African American

Healers

Herbalist

Acupuncturist

Ayurvedic practitionerHomeopath

Old lady granny midwife

spiritualist

Nature of practice Combination of plants, animals. Using needles for

treatment

Dietary, herbal and naturalistic therapies

Natural remedies

Counseling and prayers to treat

illness

Immigration

Gender roles Indian culture• Males are the dominant

figures related to health practices and treatment

African culture • Females are dominant

Illness cause prevention related to food

•Food substances are considered as hot or cold

Hot food Cold food

Chocolate , cofee, corn meal, garlic, kidney beans, onion, peas.

Honey , bananas, lima beans

Traditional beliefs about mental health

•Mental illness caused by lack of harmony emotions or by evil spirit

Transcultural nursing model

Culturally unique individual

Biological variations

communication

Space

Social organization

Time

Environmental control

Patient history •A Nigerian lady age of 32 years with 37

weeks pregnancy admitted in the hospital. Suddenly she feels pain when she was working in the corridor.

According to their culture,•She is not permitting any male doctors for

her check up.• she is un willing to do Caesarian section

as because against their culture.

Role of nurse•The should perform trans cultural

assessment like communication, personal space, diet, religious beliefs.

•The client nursing process, educational level and language skill should be considered when planning teaching activities.

•The nurse should be aware about client socio cultural background and respect ethnic or religious values.