Chapter 1

Why Study Community-Based Corrections?:Using Evidence-Based Practices, Risk Assessment, and Intermediate Sanctions to Reduce Crime and Protect the Community

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Why Study Community-Based Corrections? What Is Community-Based Corrections? Evidence-Based Corrections Intermediate Sanctions Community-Based Corrections Acts Goals of Community-Based Corrections Policy Implications

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What Is Community-Based Corrections? Decentralization of authority from state to

local levels Citizen participation in all areas Redefining whom should be incarcerated Rehabilitation through community

programs

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What Is Community-Based Corrections? Community policing

Community-based prosecution

Community-based defender services

Community courts

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Evidence-Based Corrections

The application of social scientific techniques to the study of everyday corrections procedures for the purpose of increasing effectiveness and enhancing the efficient use of available resources.

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What Makes a Practice Evidence Based?

It has a definable outcome(s)

The outcome is measurable

The outcome is defined according to practical realities

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Correctional Quackery

The use of treatment interventions that are based on neither

1) Existing knowledge of the causes of crime2) Existing knowledge of what programs

have been shown to change offender behavior

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Intermediate Sanctions

Criminal sentences that fall between standard probation and incarceration.

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Intermediate Sanctions

Intensive supervision Day reporting centers Home confinement/house arrest Remote location monitoring Fines

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Intermediate Sanctions

Restitution Community service Boot camps Residential community centers Drug court

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Community-Based Corrections Acts

Designed to decentralize services and engage local communities in the process of reintegrating offenders.

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Goals of Community-Based Corrections

Retributive Justice

Restorative Justice

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Retributive Justice

Everyone should get what they deserve.

Focus is on the law and the need of the community to exact revenge.

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Retributive Justice

Revenge Retribution Just deserts Deterrence – Specific and General Incapacitation Rehabilitation

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Restorative Justice

Focuses on allowing offenders to make amends to their victims

Crime viewed as a violation of one person by another

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Restorative Justice Programs

Victim-offender mediation Conferencing Circle sentencing Victim assistance

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Policy Implications

Pew Center Research

Policy Framework to Strengthen Community Corrections

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Six Key Components of Policy Framework Sort offenders by risk to public safety

Base intervention programs on science

Harness technology

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Six Key Components of Policy Framework Impose swift and certain sanctions for

violations

Create incentives for success

Measure progress