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What do we mean by In Vitro Fertilization?
First step: Evaluation
Producing many good follicles to be Fertilized.
Short or Long protocols: Is done by daily injections of gonadotropins.
Regular monitoring by ultrasound scan is done.
Following the follicular development and adjust the dose of the injections accordingly,
After reaching certain size, the final maturation of those follicles is done by giving HCG.
Egg retrieval is done 34 to 37 hours post HCG injection.
This procedure is considered as minor surgery.
It is done under general anesthesia, using ultrasound guide.
It takes 15 to 20 minutes. Not more than two hours are required for the patient to recover.
Then, the patient can leave the hospital. A needle is used to aspirate all the follicles.
The fluid is passed over to the embryologist, who identifies and separates the eggs.
The eggs are prepared and stripped from the surrounding cells.
At the same time, sperm preparation is done using a special media.
We need from 10,000-100,000 motile sperm to be put beside each egg in a special dish, this is called traditional I.V.F.
It is different from intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI, in which we need only one sperm to be injected in the cytoplasm of the egg)
Which is indicated in cases where sperm is present in the testes but the semen fluid does not contain sperm.
After 16 to 18 hours after the eggs, called zygotes, are fertilized,
They are cultured in special incubators to support division and development.
In this step, if the couple has a history of certain genetic disease and the gene that is causing that problem is identified, we may do pre-implantation genetic diagnosis.
Grading of the embryos is done using specific criteria.
The Embryos are transferred into the uterus after 2 to 5 days from the date of pick up.
Depending on the quality and quantity of the embryos.
Using a special embryo transfer catheter. The patient is given drugs to help support the
implantation procedure. There is no need for a lengthy hospital stay
after the embryo transfer procedure (usually one hour is sufficient).
Residents of other countries can travel the next day if they wish.
Regular cycle or not. Semen fluid analysis Sometimes AMH. Smoking. BMI (body mass index) and percent of
fat in the body Health of the tubes.