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Retinal Diseases
Retinal Detachment Acquired Macular Diseases Herditary Fundus Dystrophy Retinal Vascular Diseases Intraocular Tumours
Retinal Vein Occlusion Symptoms : The visual symptoms can vary in
severity, and are dependent on whether the central retinal vein or a branch retinal vein is involved.
Recovery from a central vein occlusion is much less likely since it affects the macula.
This problem appears equally in males and females It is more common after the age of 60.
Symptoms
Sudden onset Blurred or missing area of vision (if
a branch vein is involved) loss of central vision (if a central
vein is involved)
Retinal Vein Occlusion
A obstructed blood vessel, causing hemorrhages in the retina.
Swelling and ischemia (lack of oxygen) of the retina as well as glaucoma are fairly common complications.
Detection and Diagnosis by
ophthalmoscope. Fluorescein
angiography
Treatment
To treat the secondary complications.
LASER The following are common risk
factors for vein occlusion: ·Diabetes ·Hypertension ·Cardiovascular disease
Retinal Artery Occlusion
Signs and Symptoms
Transient loss of vision prior to the artery occlusion (in some cases)
Retinal Vein Occlusion Symptoms : The visual symptoms can vary in
severity, and are dependent on whether the central retinal vein or a branch retinal vein is involved.
Recovery from a central vein occlusion is much less likely since it affects the macula.
This problem appears equally in males and females
It is more common after the age of 60.
Symptoms
Sudden onset Blurred or missing area of vision (if
a branch vein is involved) loss of central vision (if a central
vein is involved)
Retinal Vein Occlusion
A obstructed blood vessel, causing hemorrhages in the retina.
Swelling and ischemia (lack of oxygen) of the retina as well as glaucoma are fairly common complications.
Detection and Diagnosis by
ophthalmoscope. Fluorescein
angiography
Treatment
To treat the secondary complications.
LASER The following are common risk
factors for vein occlusion: ·Diabetes ·Hypertension ·Cardiovascular disease
Retinal Artery Occlusion
Signs and Symptoms
Transient loss of vision prior to the artery occlusion (in some cases)
Central artery occlusion ·Sudden, painless
and complete loss of vision in one eye
Branch artery occlusion ·Sudden, painless,
partial loss of vision in one eye
Detection and Diagnosis
Artery occlusion is diagnosed by examining the retina with an ophthalmoscope.
Treatment
Unfortunately, there is no treatment that can consistently restore vision lost from an artery occlusion. However, if it is caught within the first hour and treatment is initiated immediately, recovery is possible in rare cases.
The following conditions increase the risk of vessels of the eye:
·Hypertension ·Diabetes ·High cholesterol ·Heart disease ·Arteriosclerosis ·Glaucoma
Retinal Detachment A retinal
detachment occurs when the retina’s sensory and pigment layers separate.
There are three types of retinal detachments.
Retinal Detachment A retinal detachment occurs when the retina’s sensory and pigment layers separate. There are three types of retinal detachments.
Retinal Detachment:Vitreoretinal Traction
Dynamic traction Static Traction A:Tangential B:Anteroposterior C:Bridging
Retinal Tear and Detachment
Retinal tears commonly occur when there is traction on the retina by the vitreous gel inside the eye.
Signs and Symptoms
·Light flashes ·“Wavy,” or “watery” vision ·Veil or curtain obstructing vision ·Shower of floaters that resemble spots,
bugs, or spider webs ·Sudden decrease of vision
Detection and Diagnosis Retinal detachments are usually
found: calls the doctor’s office critical early, early treatment improve restoring
vision. thoroughly ophthalmoscopy. The macula is responsible for the
central vision. Ultrasound imaging
Treatment
The appropriate treatment depends on the type, severity and location of the detachment.
Pneumatic retinopexy scleral buckle. other types of retinal detachment
surgeries are either inappropriate or unsuccessful,
vitreous gel is removed and replaced
Treatment There are a number of ways to treat retinal detachment. The appropriate treatment depends on the type, severity and location of the detachment. Pneumatic retinopexy scleral buckle. other types of retinal detachment surgeries are either inappropriate or unsuccessful,The vitreous gel is removed and replaced with silicone oil.
What we can do What you can do… Early detection Awareness of vision ٍٍٍٍPPPPhigher-risk group nearsighted or diabetic.P Compare the vision of your eyes daily Notify your doctor immediately if notice any of the
following: An obstruction of peripheral vision (veil, shadow, or
curtain) Sudden shower of floaters Light flashes Spider webs
Retinitis pigmentosa
Diagnosed during childhood when the symptoms begin to become apparent.
However, depending on the progression of the disease, it may not be detected until later in life.
Retinitis pigmentosa Signs and Symptoms Difficulty seeing dim
lighting Tendency to trip easily or
bump into objects when in poor lighting
Gradual loss of peripheral vision
Glare Loss of contrast sensitivity Eye fatigue (from straining
to see)
Signs and Symptoms Difficulty seeing dim lighting Tendency to trip easily or bump into objects when in poor lighting Gradual loss of peripheral vision Glare Loss of contrast sensitivity Eye fatigue (from straining to see)
Detection and Diagnosis
Retinitis pigmentosa is usually diagnosed before adulthood.
often the patient complains of difficultly with night vision.
The diagnoses by examining the retina with an ophthalmoscope
The classic sign of RP "bone-spicules.“
Electroretinography (ERG).
Treatment There is currently no standard treatment
or therapy for retinitis pigmentosa; however, scientists have isolated several
genes responsible for the disease. Once RP is discovered, patients and their
families are encouraged to seek genetic counseling.
Current Research
Scientists at Johns Hopkins University are developing a micro-computer chip prosthesis called the Multiple-unit Artificial Retina Chipset (MARC).
Once implanted in the retina, the chip transmits images to the brain that are captured from a small camera mounted on the patient's glasses.
The chip is still in development and is not yet available for widespread use.
Doctors continue to search for treatments for RP but have yet to find a cure.
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