MEDICAL-SURGICALCASE PRESENTATION

PRESENTED BY – Mr SIMON RAJU

Patient’s history

Definition

• Oral cancer: a disease that is found in the tissues of the lip or mouth; cancer of lip and oral cavity

• Associated with a group of cancers referred to as head and neck cancers

• Begin in the tongue and in the floor of the mouth, but they can spread to parts of the neck, lungs, and other body parts

Anatomy & Physiology

Contd ..

• Blood supply – facial artery

• Nerve supply – facial nerve , hypoglossial nerve & glossopharyngeal nerve

Incidence

• 30% of all head and neck cancers.• Predominant in males• Use of tobacco, alcohol, betel nuts• Poorly fitting dentures, nutrition & dental care, • HSV, HPV 6 & 16

Contd …

• 29 Mar 2012

New research analyses cancer death rates across India, and shows that oral, stomach, and lung cancers are important causes of death in Indian men, while cervical, stomach, and breast cancers cause the most cancer deaths among Indian women.  The article, published in the The Lancet, is by Professor Prabhat Jha,

Centre for Global Health Research, St. Michael’s Hospital and University of Toronto, ON, Canada,

Contd ..

• Popular Articles About Oral Cancer• LUCKNOW

• Oral cancer chewing up Indians• March 19, 2005 | TNN

• LUCKNOW: Oral cancer dominated the discussions on the concluding day of the international symposium on Diet in Causation and Prevention of Cancer, here on Saturday. Prof. MC Pant of King George Medical University, Lucknow discussed the Indian perspectives on oral cancer ? one of the 10 leading forms of cancer in the world today. "About 56,000 new cancer cases are detected every year and about 1,87,000 patients exist at any point of time," said Pant.

Contd ..

• Oral cancer cases on the rise in India, reveals study

• May 31, 2011

• CHENNAI: The number of oral cancer cases is on the rise in India. But what is mainly driving the numbers up is more people getting addicted to chewing tobacco than smoking it, says a study. India accounts for 86% of the world's oral cancer cases, says the study conducted by the National Institute of Public Health in February 2011. Ninety percent of these cases are due to chewing tobacco, unlike in the West where smoking is the main reason. ...

Contd ..

• Chewing tobacco exposing youths to oral cancer

• February 15, 2012 | TNN• VARANASI: Addiction to non-smoking forms of tobacco,

especially khaini (chewing tobacco) and pan masala, is pushing the youngsters towards oral cancer. Professor T P Chaturvedi, dean, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), said that more and more teenagers are turning up at the out patient department and most of them are witnessing sub-mucosal fibrosis, a condition that is associated with difficulty in opening the mouth. "

Contd ..

• 17-year-old gutka user is in the last stage of oral cancer

• August 11, 2011 | Pratibha Masand , TNN• MUMBAI: Roshan Wankhede is all of 17 years. He is from a

small village in the Amravati district. The family lives on farming; money is difficult to come by. Roshan's parents are waiting for him to finish his education and start earning so that their monetary problems can be solved. Roshan would have passed his HSC exams next year, but he will not be able to. Doctors say that Roshan is suffering from last-stage mouth cancer and may not live another year. Roshan was 13 years old when he first started consuming tobacco because of peer pressure.

Incidence

• Accounts for 2% of all cancers

• 40 years of age and older are at a higher risk

• Over 35,000 people will be diagnosed

• Over 7,600 will die from the disease

• Mortality Rate Is Higher Than Other Cancers

DID YOU KNOW????

Going back a ways, the most famous psychiatrist of all time, Sigmund Freud, died or oral cancer. Freud, who was often photographed with a cigar, died of oral cancer. Despite dozens of operations, cancer killed him.

“

“Ultimately, everyone makes their own choices in life,” says oral cancer

survivor Rick Bender, 49. “I made mine. I have to

deal with that. But if I can give these kids the

information, hopefully they can make the right

choice.”[Photos

by STEPHE

N J. CODDINGTON | Times]

Oral cancer survivor Rick Bender shows Pasco students the consequences of chewing tobaccoBy Alex Orlando, Times Staff WriterIn Print: Saturday, March 31, 2012

Etiology

Book picture

• Smoking• Tobacco • Alcoholism • Sun exposure• Chronic irritation• Viral infection• Poor oral hygiene

Patient picture

• Chronic tobacco chewing• Smoking bidi

Pathophysiology

Sign and Symptoms

Sores that do not heal within 14 days

Bleeding in mouth • Lump in neck• Earache• Loose teeth• Dentures will not fit well

Pain or numbness in mouth

Difficulty chewing or swallowing

Bad breath• Patches on the lip or in

the mouth that are red, white, or a mixture of both

BUCCAL MUCOSAPainBleedingTrismusCervical lymphadenopathyInfectionMastication become difficult

HARD PALATEAs the mass grows it can bleedFoul odourLoose teethChanges in speechDifficulty in swallowingTrismusA lump in the neck

GINGIVAill-fitting denturesUlceration around teeth that fails to healBleeding during masticationTrismusOtalgia due to secondary infectionPain can result from bone invasion ORAL TONGUEPresent as small ulcers and gradually invade the musculature of the tongue. Advanced lesions may be either ulcerative or exophytic Painpresent with an exophytic growth patterninduce trismus