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Indications for Colposcopy
1. Abnormal smear (80%)
2. Clinical indications (20%) or a suspicion
of cancer
WHY DO WE NEED TO
UNDERSTAND THE
NORMAL CERVIX ?
AS A PREREQUISIT TO
STUDYING THE
ABNORMAL CERVIX
THE ORIGINAL
SQUAMO-COLUMNAR
JUNCTION
Metaplastic epithelium
Squamous
Epithelium
Columnar Epithelium
SCJ
Squamous
Epithelium
1
2
3
THE NEW SQUAMO-
COLUMNAR JUNCTION
THE
TRANSFORMATION
ZONE
Original
SCJ
Original
SCJ
New
SCJ
STAGES OF CERVICAL
EPITHELIAL CHANGE
1 LATE FOETAL LIFE
2 ADOLESENCE
3 PREGNANCY
4 MENOPAUSE
1 LATE FOETAL LIFE
2 ADOLESENCE
3 PREGNANCY
Immediate post-partum
6 weeks post-partum
4 MENOPAUSE
New
SCJ
Original
SCJ
Atypical
Epithelium
Original
SCJ
Columnar Epithlium
Original SCJOriginal
SCJ
Atypical Epithelium
Atypical Epithelium
New SCJ (Unsatisfactory)
Type 1
Completely
ectocervical
Fully visible
Small or large
Transformation Zone
Classification
Type 2
Has endocervical
component
Fully visible
May have
ectocervical
component, which
may be small or
large
Transformation Zone
Classification
Transformation Zone
Classification
Type 3
Has endocervical
component
Not fully visible
May have ectocervical
component, which
may be small or large