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Edema factor Lethal factor Protective antigen factor Malignant pustule (black eschar) Nonpitting edema Warfare Hemorrhagic meningoencephalitis Hemorrhagic mediastinal adenopathy Oropharyngeal swelling Septicemia (death) Hemorrhagic diarrhea Bacillus Anthracis General Features Pathogenesis Lab Diagnosis Types of Anthrax Treatment Prevention Septum Blood CSF Skin biopsy (PCR) Medusa head appearance Gamma- hemolytic Bamboo stick appearance Gram +ve Factors Capsule D-glutamic acid Gram +ve bacilli Gamma- hemolytic Catalase positive Ca us ative a gent for Anthrax Vaccine with alum adjuvant and protective antigen Antibiotic prophylaxis Ciprofloxacin Doxycycline Rifampin Penicillin Vancomycin, etc. + Louis Pa s teur Demonstrated by R. Koch Cutaneous Gastrointestinal Inhalational Virulence Factors Specimen Gram stain Blood agar Motility test Nonmotile India Ink Staining Determining stain Anthrax = ‘coal’ (black eschar) Endospores require autoclaving to be destroyed Edema factor acts as adenylate cyclase, causing water and electrolyte secretion from cell Bacillus anthracis has been used for bioterrorism in the US 95% of anthrax cases in humans are cutaneous

Concept map for Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax)

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Page 1: Concept map for Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax)

Edema factor

Lethal factor

Protective antigen factor

Mal ignant pustule

(black eschar)

Nonpitting edema

Warfare

Hemorrhagic

meningoencephalitis

Hemorrhagic mediastinal

adenopathy

Oropharyngeal swelling

Septicemia (death)

Hemorrhagic diarrhea

Bacillus Anthracis

General Features

Pathogenesis

Lab Diagnosis

Types of Anthrax

Treatment

Prevention

Septum

Blood

CSF

Skin biopsy (PCR)

Medusa head

appearance

Gamma-

hemolytic Bamboo stick

appearance

Gram +ve

Factors Capsule

D-glutamic acid

Gram +ve bacilli

Gamma-

hemolytic

Cata lase positive

Causative agent

for Anthrax Vaccine with a lum adjuvant and protective

antigen Antibiotic

prophylaxis

Ciprofloxacin Doxycycl ine

Ri fampin

Penici l l in

Vancomycin, etc. +

Louis

Pasteur

Demonstrated

by R. Koch

Cutaneous Gastrointestinal

Inhalational

Vi rulence Factors

Specimen

Gram stain

Blood agar

Moti l ity test

Nonmotile

India Ink

Sta ining

Determining

stain

Anthrax = ‘coal’

(black eschar)

Endospores require

autoclaving to be destroyed

Edema factor acts as adenylate

cyclase, causing water and

electrolyte secretion from cell

Bacillus anthracis has

been used for

bioterrorism in the US

95% of anthrax cases in humans are cutaneous