Edema factor

Lethal factor

Protective antigen factor

Mal ignant pustule

(black eschar)

Nonpitting edema

Warfare

Hemorrhagic

meningoencephalitis

Hemorrhagic mediastinal

adenopathy

Oropharyngeal swelling

Septicemia (death)

Hemorrhagic diarrhea

Bacillus Anthracis

General Features

Pathogenesis

Lab Diagnosis

Types of Anthrax

Treatment

Prevention

Septum

Blood

CSF

Skin biopsy (PCR)

Medusa head

appearance

Gamma-

hemolytic Bamboo stick

appearance

Gram +ve

Factors Capsule

D-glutamic acid

Gram +ve bacilli

Gamma-

hemolytic

Cata lase positive

Causative agent

for Anthrax Vaccine with a lum adjuvant and protective

antigen Antibiotic

prophylaxis

Ciprofloxacin Doxycycl ine

Ri fampin

Penici l l in

Vancomycin, etc. +

Louis

Pasteur

Demonstrated

by R. Koch

Cutaneous Gastrointestinal

Inhalational

Vi rulence Factors

Specimen

Gram stain

Blood agar

Moti l ity test

Nonmotile

India Ink

Sta ining

Determining

stain

Anthrax = ‘coal’

(black eschar)

Endospores require

autoclaving to be destroyed

Edema factor acts as adenylate

cyclase, causing water and

electrolyte secretion from cell

Bacillus anthracis has

been used for

bioterrorism in the US

95% of anthrax cases in humans are cutaneous