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I S L A M I C R E P U B L I C O F I R A N
M I N I S T R Y O F R O A D S A N D U R B A N D E V E L O P M E N T
R O A D , H O U S I N G & U R B A N D E V E L O P M E N T R E S E A R C H C E N T E R ( B H R C )
Achievements of BHRC in urban resiliency
Ghazal Raheb
Head of Architecture and Urban Planning Institute, BHRC
Mahta Mirmoghtadaee Head of Theoretical Studies in Architecture and Urban Planning
Department, BHRC
Definition
As the“city”is considered a dynamic system, the ability of this system to return to stable equilibrium point
after disruption is “RESILIENCY”.
Environmental management and risk reduction
Two determining factors threatening Contemporary human settlements are:
Deterioration of environment
Natural disasters
Deterioration of environment increases the adverse impacts of natural disaster.
Current human life style has put more people and structures under risk and more pressure on environment. Reducing natural disaster risks and achieving “livable”, “Sustainable” and “Resilient” urban and rural settlements are dependent on environmental management.
Analytical review of settlements resiliency in disasters (South Khorasan eartquake- 1997)
Unsustainable location:
Locating on the slopes, Instable soils and , high risk zones
Unsustainable development:
Construction on the river bank
Destroying forests in highlands was leading to flooding
Analytical review of settlements resiliency in disasters (Flood in Neka- 1999)
Unsustainable urban form
Compactness of neighborhood in Bam after earthquake
Open spaces in urban fabric,
Baravat (a town near Bam) after earthquake
Analytical review of settlements resiliency in disasters (Bam earthquake- 2003)
Unsustainable location: Establishing villages in valleys and steeps
Unsustainable and poor access to some villages
Analytical review of settlements resiliency in disasters (Azarbayjan earthquake- 2012)
Planning for increasing
Resiliency in settlements
1. Prevention
2. Rescue and Relief
3. Rehabilitation
and Reconstruction
First step:
Planning for prevention of settlements against disasters
Introducing some of the main achievements of BHRC:
providing effective data bases for risk reduction strategies and plans
Providing building codes for risk reduction
Local indicators for risk management and providing codes and regulations for risk reduction in built environment
Research on urban regeneration and low-income housing
Training courses for planners, architects and civil engineers
providing effective data bases for risk reduction strategies and plans (introducing some activities)
Control and Maintenance of Iran Strong Ground Motion Network
Classification of Rural Settlements based on rural housing types
Preparation of seismotectonic map of Iran on scale of 1:2500000
Preparation of seismic zonation hazard map of Iran (Standard 2800 annex)
Information layer project in earthquake disaster management
Microzonation of urban regions
Distribution of Iran Strong Ground Motion Network
Zone 1: The Oman Sea and
the Persian Gulf littoral
Zone 2: Caspian Sea fringes
Zone 3: Mountainous
Kurdish settling areas of
West
Zone 4: Azari settling areas
in North West
Zone 5: Mid Alborz district
and eastern Zagros plains
Zone 6: Settled Nomads and
permanent residents of the
western Zagros foothills
Zone 7: Central and eastern
plains of Iran
Zone 8: Central highlands
and plains in the central and
eastern mountainous fringe
areas
Basic (or lead) rural housing formation “types” zones in Iran
Seismic microzonation hazard map in Iran
Providing building codes for risk reduction (introducing some activities)
Iranian code for seismic resistant design of buildings (standard No. 2800)
Fire protection building code
Evaluating the strength of buildings and presenting technical comments relevant to retrofitting existing buildings
Passive defense strategy
Research on urban regeneration and low-income housing
Infill development Evaluation of urban
regeneration projects Comparative studies on
urban regeneration projects Studies on the role of public
participation Introduction of best
practices Design consideration for
low-income housing Documentation of low-
income housing projects
Theories and best practices of urban regeneration (Iran and Meddle East , North African countries)
Training courses of planners, architects and civil engineers
THE SECR ETAR IAT OF D OCU MENTING BEST PR ACTICES IN D ISASTER
R ED U CTION AND POST-D ISASTER R ECONSTR UCTION
A best practice is a method or technique that has consistently shown results superior to those achieved with other means, and that is used as a benchmark. A "best" practice can evolve to become better as improvements are discovered. Best practice describes the process of developing and following a standard way of doing things that multiple organizations can use.
Definition of best practices
Objectives of the secretariat
The secretariat is established with the objective of documenting the best practices in mitigation of disaster risks before and after occurrence in Asian-Pacific countries, which includes two steps:
Measurements taken before a disaster strikes with the objective
of increasing built-environment resilience;
Measurements taken in post-disaster construction with developmental approach and with the objective of improving resilience of new physical environment and in fact as an opportunity for pursuing sustainable development.
Measurements on spatial and physical regeneration of built-environment in urban and rural settlements;
Measurements on improving access network in urban and rural settlements;
Measurements on improving infrastructures of water, waste water and energy supply in rural and urban settlements;
Measurements on strengthening and reinforcement of important structures and residential buildings;
Rules and regulations; Management, evaluation and control quality systems; Conducted pilot projects with the objective of dissemination
and generalization Training programs for enhancing general and technical
knowledge in the above mentioned fields.
Documentation-themes
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