1. A peek into the future

2. Barrett ODonovan Barrett O'Donovan brings over 14 years in business development, account and project management. With a Bachelors of Arts in Political Science, he led teams across the U.S. and Canada for Fortune 1000 and large private companies. As a new business development manager, he has expanded company footprints to new territories and has uncovered and successfully penetrated new vertical markets. Barrett will focus on increasingCatalytic Products presence in the following vertical markets: Natural Gas Processing Foundry & Sand Coating Automotive & Spray Coating Waste to Energy 3. RichardTruzpek Mr.Trzupek has twenty-eight (28) years of experience in the field of air pollution measurement, consulting, and permitting. He has designed and managed a variety of air pollution measurement projects at facilities across the United States. He has lectured on behalf of the USEPA Emission Measurement Technical Information Center (EMTIC) on measurement-related issues and has also developed several new measurement techniques. Mr.Trzupek has served as lead consultant representing a variety of industries in litigation-based programs and frequently serves as the facilitator for effective action between the facility and regulators. His permitting experience has involved not only the preparation of the permit document, but includes the collection of data, management, and organization of data, development of compliance strategies, negotiation with regulatory and enforcement personnel and effective implementation of emissions management programs designed to maintain facility compliance with permit terms. . 4. ReleasedApril 2014 Prepared by: Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS) Target: Methane Emissions Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Emissions Pre regulatory development step in the process 5. Well Completions Compressors Equipment Leaks Liquids Unloading Pneumatics 6. Well Completions Compressors Equipment Leaks Liquids Unloading Pneumatics 7. Natural gas well regulations already in place (Subpart OOOO) National emissions estimates from fracked oil well completions: Methane: 44,000 tpy to 247,000 tpy VOC: 37,000 tpy to 116,000 tpy Methane = Greenhouse gas issue VOC = Ozone standard issue 8. EPA suggests green completions may be feasible in some cases Recognition that certain pressure/gas content combinations may present obstacle Other possibilities: Gas reinjection NGL recovery Use gas to generate on-site power 9. Validity of emissions estimates Feasibility of green completions Other means of methane/VOC control at wellhead? Current/future availability of infrastructure at oil plays 10. Well Completions Compressors Equipment Leaks Liquids Unloading Pneumatics 11. 86,000 tonnes natural gas productions 724,000 tonnes natural gas processing 1,260,000 tonnes natural gas transmission and storage TOTAL > 2,000,000 tonnes (~50,000,000 tonnes as CO2e) 12. Reciprocating compressors Rod seal maintenance Capture and return to process Centrifugal compressors Encourage (require?) dry seals Encourage (require?) capture and recovery if wet seals used 13. Validity of emissions estimates Technical/financial feasibility of controls suggested Other options? 14. Well Completions Compressors Equipment Leaks Liquids Unloading Pneumatics 15. Methane: 332,000 tonnes natural gas production 34,000 tonnes natural gas processing 114,000 tonnes natural gas transmission VOC? Estimation methodology very sketchy 16. Move leak detection from portable analyzers to Optical Gas Imaging (OGI) Eg: IR and FLIR cameras More ambient monitoring Claim that effective leak detection pays for itself 17. Validity of emissions estimates Site/equipment sensitivity to leaks Other leak detection technologies available? Cost estimates reasonable? 18. Well Completions Compressors Equipment Leaks Liquids Unloading Pneumatics 19. Older, lower pressure wells targeted Small number of wells = majority of GHG andVOC emissions Some (not all) blowdowns produce large amounts of emissions EPA says industry developing new technologies to reduce blowdowns E.g.: plunger lifts 20. Validity of emissions estimates Further information of types of wells that produce more emissions Additional technologies to reduce emissions? Feasibility of combustion controls? 21. Well Completions Compressors Equipment Leaks Liquids Unloading Pneumatics 22. Look at controllers and pumps Encourage (require?) more low bleed controllers Encourage (require?) more electric generation in field to provide instrument air 23. Validity of emissions estimates Feasibility of emissions reductions techniques Barriers to installing electric generation/instrument air in field 24. What Is It? Why Use It? Where Use It? 25. Overview of Oxidation Process Types of Oxidizers Feature & Benefit Analysis byType 26. Time - Typically .5-1.5 seconds Temperature Typically 1300-1600 F Turbulence - Mixing to achieve temperature uniformity How is oxidation achieved? 27. Thermal Combustor Thermal Recuperative Regenerative Thermal 28. Historically: Flares commonly used forVOC and methane control Cheap No test requirement Now EPA pushing for process safety use only Flares not as efficient as thought Flare minimization programs on the rise 29. Inlet DispersionCone FloatingTube Primary Heat Exchanger Stainless SteelTubes HighVelocity CombustionTube Pressurization Chamber / Seal BurnerCone CombustionTube Internal Insulation Hot Gas Bypass Damper Exhaust Outlet 30. Over 99%VOC Removal Efficiency Shell &Tube heat exchanger = 70% thermal efficiency No moving parts Accepts higherVOC concentrations Able to handle upset conditions 31. CombustionChamber Cold Face Support Burner Valves Exhaust StackTransition Internal Insulation Air Manifold Ceramic Media 32. Up to 99% Destruction Efficiency 95%Thermal Efficiency Near zero fuel use in self sustain mode Prepackaged drop in place designs available 33. THERMAL COMBUSTOR Low capital cost Waste gas as fuel Potential high operating cost Simple no moving parts REGENERATIVE THERMAL Highest thermal efficiency- 95% Lowest operating cost Highest capital cost Complex has moving parts Highest destruction efficiency Heat Recovery Potential high Operating Cost No moving parts THERMAL RECUPERATIVE 34. Barrett ODonovan Catalytic Products International 980 Ensell Rd Lake Zurich, IL 60047 847-438-0334 bodonovan@cpilink.com www.cpilink.com RichTrzupek Trinity Consultants 1S660 Midwest Rd., Ste 250 OakbrookTerrace, IL 61081 630-495-1470 rtrzupek@trinityconsultants.com www.trinityconsultants.com