MGM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGYA PROJECT ON WASTE MANAGEMENTB

YCHAITANYA WAGHEONKAR TONDWALKARANIL SINGHOMKAR VEDPATHAK

FAHAD PANGARKARSIDDHARTH TEMKARANIKET BANSODEJAGDISH PATIL

WASTE MANAGEMENTWhat is

Waste? Waste is unwanted or useless materials.

Waste (also known as trash, junk, litter, garbage, refuse, junk and ort.) are materials that are not primary products for which the initial user has no further use in terms of his\her own purposes of production, transformation or consumption, and of which he\she wants to dispose. Residuals recycled or reused at place of generation are excluded.

Waste ManagementWaste management is the collection, transport, processing or disposal, managing and monitoring of waste material.

There are many types of wastes defined by modern systems of waste management,

1.According to their physical form

a. Solid Wastes :b. Liquid wastes:

2. According to their Properties

a. Biodegradable waste :b. Non-Biodegradable waste

3. According to their effect on Human health and the environment

a. Hazardous Wastesb. Non-Hazardous Wastes

4. According to their origin and type

a. Municipal Solid wastes b. Bio-medical wastes: c. Industrial wastes: d. Agricultural wastes:

e. Fishery wastes:

f. Radioactive wastes: g. E-wastes:

BIO-MEDICAL WASTE

Definition:

“Bio Medical waste” is any waste, which is generated during the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals or in research activities pertaining to or in the production or testing of biologicals and categories.

Biomedical waste management

Definition:

“Bio Medical waste” is any waste, which is

generated during the diagnosis, treatment

or immunization of human beings or

animals or in research activities pertaining

to or in the production or testing of

biologicals and categories.

Sources of biomedical waste

Biomedical waste is generated in: hospitals, nursing homes, clinics, medical laboratories, blood

banks, animal houses etc. Such a waste can also be generated at home if health care is being provided there to a patient (e.g. injection, dressing material etc.)

Components

Solids: Catheters and tubes

Disposable masks and scrubs

Disposable tools

Medical gloves

Wound dressings

BIOMEDICAL WASTE

Liquids:

Blood

Body fluids and tissues

Cell, organ and tissue cultures

BIOMEDICAL WASTE

Sharps: Blades (Razor or Scalpel)

Material made up glass such

as cuvettes and slides.

Needles

Plastic pipettes and syringes

BIOMEDICAL WASTE

Laboratory waste: Animal carcasses

Hazardous chemicals

Medicinal plants

Radioactive material with

biological components

Supernatants

Radioactive Waste

We will discuss -

Low Level Radioactive Waste

Intermediate Level Radioactive Waste

High Level Radioactive Waste

Radioactive waste are those wastes which contains radioactive material.

Low Level WasteLLW

Low level waste is any waste that could be from a high activity area.

It does not necessarily carry any radioactivity.

Split into four categories: A, B, C, and GTCC.

Typical Low-Level Waste Disposal Site

Hanford (Nuclear News, November 2004)

Intermediate Level WasteILW

Intermediate level waste requires shielding when being handled. Example resins, chemical sludge

Disposal – solidified concrete or bitumen

High Level WasteHLW

High level waste has a large amount of radioactive activity and is thermally hot.

95% of radioactivityCurrent levels of HLW are

increasing about 12,000 metric tons per year.

cntd..

HLW is most dangerous byproduct of nuclear power.

Borosilicate glass most common storage.

Several venues being researched for the safe disposal of HLW.

E-waste.

Any waste that has a circuit board or cathode ray tube (CRT)

Minnesota’s definition includes: Televisions Computers:

central processing units (CPUs), monitors, laptops Computer keyboards, speakers, printers, and

other peripherals VCRs and DVD players Fax machines

…from HOUSEHOLDS

Growth of E-waste: Technology Trends

Technological advances speed up obsolescence & lead to more e-waste

PC lifespan falling to estimated 2 years Improved TVs/monitors: HD, LCD, plasma Digital television transition set for

Feb. 17, 2009

Growth of E-waste: Digital Television Transition

If you use “rabbit ears” or rooftop antenna with an analog TV, you must act. Options:

Buy a converter box to plug into your TVConnect your analog TV to cable, satellite or other pay serviceBuy a TV with a digital tuner

Waste hierarchy

Waste hierarchy refers to 3 Rs Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

Practice the 3 R’s of Management

ReduceReuse

Recycle

REDUCTION MEANS TO MAKE

SOMETHING SMALLER

USE SOMETHING LESS OFTEN

REDUCE

REUSEThis includes conventional reuse where the item is used again for the same function, and new-life reuse where it is used for a new function.

To reuse is to use an item more than once.

RECYCLING MEANS THE PROCESSING OF USED MATERIALS OR WASTE INTO NEW PRODUCT!

RECYCLE

KEY COMPONENT OF MODERN WASTE REDUCTION

&

THE THIRD COMPONENT OF WASTE HIERARCHY

METHODS OF WASTE DISPOSAL

LANDFILL

INCERNATION.

Disposal of waste in a landfill involves burying the waste and this remains a common practice in most countries. Landfills were often established in abandoned or unused quarries, mining voids or borrow pits.

LANDFILL.

INCINERATION

Incineration is a disposal method in which solid organic wastes are subjected to combustion so as to convert them into residue and gaseous products. This method is useful for disposal of residue of both solid waste management and solid residue from waste water management. This process reduces the volumes of solid waste to 20 to 30 percent of the original volume. Incineration and other high temperature waste treatment systems are sometimes described as "thermal treatment". Incinerators convert waste materials into heat, gas and steam, ash.

WHAT SHOULD BE DONE

Waste Prevention- Reduce office paper waste.

- Economic.

- Recycle.

- Switch to reusable transport containers.

WHAT SHOULD BE DONE

Donate/Exchange

- old books

- old clothes

- old computers

- excess building materials

- old equipment to local organizations

WHAT SHOULD BE DONE

Employee Education

- Develop an “office recycling procedures” packet.

- Send out recycling reminders to all employees including environmental articles.

- Train employees on recycling practices prior to implementing recycling programs.

THANK YOU