What is the LondonLow Emission Zone?

Environmental zone covering Greater London (1580 square kilometres)

Encourages the most individually polluting vehicles driving in London to become cleaner

Operates 24 hours a day, every day of the year

Introduced in 2008 following extensive consultation and has been very successful so far but now needs to go further

To improve air quality: the scheme is absolutely critical and targets only the oldest and dirtiest vehicles.

Air Quality in London

Despite significant improvements in recent years, London's air pollution is still a concern and contributes to:

4,000 premature deaths in London in 2008 (GLA health report)

50,000 deaths in the UK annually (UK Environmental Audit Committee in 2009)

Heavier diesel vehicles are a major source of air pollution that affects people with asthma, chest and heart conditions: it’s the poorest, the old, the very young and the sick that suffer most.

PM Emissions Sources in Central London

Mayor’s Air Quality Strategy

Sets out a range of measures to tackle air quality

NOx standard for LEZ in 2015 (subject to Government action and consultation) Cleaning up buses (Euro IV for NOx & PM by 2015)Age limits for taxis (15 yrs from 2012, 10 yrs from 2015)Age limit private hire vehicles (10 yrs from 2012)No idling zonesBest Practice Scheme for construction equipment on siteClean and Dust SuppressantsSmoothing traffic flowBoiler replacements & energy efficiencyMinimum standards biomass boilersAir quality neutral new developments

Vehicles Affected by the LEZ

cont…

Heavy diesel-engined vehicles >12 tonnes

Feb 2008 Euro III

Jan 2012 Euro IV

for particulates

Includes:- Goods Vehicles- Motor Caravans- Motorised Horseboxes

Includes:- Goods Vehicles- Motor Caravans- Motorised Horseboxes

July 2008 Euro III Jan 2012 Euro IVfor particulates

July 2008 Euro III Jan 2012 Euro IVfor particulates

Includes:- Vehicles with more

than eight seats, plus the driver’s seat

Heavy diesel-engined vehicles between 3.5 and 12 tonnes

HGVs >12t

HGVs 3.5t > 12t

Heavy diesel-engined passenger vehicles > 5 tonne

Buses & Coaches

A proposal for a NOx standard in 2015 is currently out for consultation.

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Vehicles Affected by the LEZ:

Diesel-engined vehicles between 1.205 tonnes unladen and 3.5 tonnes

2012 Euro III

for particulates

Large Vans

Minibuses

2012 Euro III

for particulates

Includes:- Ambulances (over 2.5

tonnes)- Motor Caravans (over

2.5 tonnes

Diesel-engined passenger vehicles below 5 tonnes

Includes:- Vehicles with less

than eight seats, plus the driver’s seat

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LEZ Roll Out : SummaryLEZ Phase 1

- Launched 4 February 2008

- HGVs over 12 tonnes

- c. 120,000 subject vehicles of which c. 30,000

were non-compliant in ‘07.

- 98% of these vehicles now compliant

LEZ Phase 2

- Launched 7 July 2008

- HGVs of 3.5 – 12 tonnes plus buses and

coaches over 5 tonnes

- c. 90,000 subject vehicles of which c. 35,000

were non-compliant in 2007.

- 96% of these vehicles now compliant

LEZ Phase 3 (subject to confirmation)

- Originally scheduled for October 2010

- Proposal to defer to 2012

- Includes large vans and minibuses

- c. 530,000 subject vehicles of which c. 70,000

could be non-compliant in 2012.

LEZ Phase 4

- Scheduled for 3rd January 2012

- Tougher PM standards for Phase 1 and 2

vehicles.

LEZ Phase 5

- NOX standard for TfL

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Options for ComplianceOptions available to operators include:

– Certifying a Euro I/II engine on TfL’s Eligible Engine’s list meets the standards

– Fitting an approved abatement device– Converting the engine to gas with a spark ignition.– Fitting a new compliant engine in the vehicle– Buying a new or compliant second-hand vehicle– Reorganising fleet so only compliant vehicles

travel in zone– Or paying the daily charge (online, by phone or

post)Operators driving a non-complaint vehicle without paying the daily charge risk a Penalty Charge Notice

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Certifying a Vehicle as Compliant

Vehicles can be certified as compliant to the LEZ emissions standards by a national body: Vehicle and Operator Services Agency (VOSA) if they have:

– An approved abatement device fitted – A Euro I/II engine on TfL’s eligible engine list – A conversion to gas with a spark emission

• VOSA have 94 national test stations • Inspections take approx. 15 minutes.• Certification lasts a minimum of 12 months. • Future tests can be scheduled as part of the annual vehicle inspection to minimise vehicle down time.

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VOSA Test Stations & Authorised Examiners (Fit and Certify Filters)

100% Discounts/Exempt Vehicles• Few exemptions so as to maintain the benefits of the

scheme• Exemptions/discounts have been granted where there

are problems with retro-fitting or identifying the emissions of vehicles:

– UK and Foreign Military Vehicles (green fleet)

– Historic Vehicles (registered pre 1973)– Non-Road Going Vehicles– Showman’s Vehicles

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Registrations

The following vehicles must register with TfL to enable them to travel within the zone without charge:

• NI registered vehicles– If they meet the required emissions standards ( e.g. are Euro III certified or have

been issued with an RPC from DVA testing)– If they qualify for a discount or exemption (see later)

• Non-GB Registered vehicles– if they meet the required emissions standards– If they qualify for a discount or exemption (see later)

• GB Registered vehicles– Eligible Showman’s vehicles must register to qualify for a 100% discount– In the event TfL has classified a vehicle as non-compliant, but the operator can

provide documentary evidence that the vehicle does meet the required standard.

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How LEZ operates• The LEZ is a charging scheme – but most will avoid

paying the charge by driving a compliant vehicle.• There will be signs at entry points and in the zone• Vehicles which are subject to the LEZ are detected

using fixed and mobile cameras• TfL checks vehicle registration against a register of

compliant vehicles• Non compliant vehicles have to pay a daily charge

£200 per day for HGV, buses and coaches£100 per day for vans and minibuses

• Charging day midnight to midnight, 365 days a year

• Payment can be made by phone or internet, up to midnight on the next working day after entering the zone

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Enforcement of the LEZ

• Vehicles which are non compliant, or which are not on the register will be sent a Penalty Charge Notice:– £1000 (reduced to £500 if paid within 14 days) for HGVs, buses &

coaches (subject to LEZ in 2008)– £500 (reduced to £250 if paid within 14 days) for heavier LGVs &

minibuses (subject to LEZ in 2010)

• Our agent, EPC, has agreements with vehicle registration authorities in a number of European countries to obtain vehicle and keeper information

• EPC already successfully collects outstanding foreign penalty charges for CC, in countries where they can gain access to keeper details.

• Since data needed to identify the vehicle characteristics is not available, non-GB registered vehicles which are compliant need to register with TfL.

• The first time a non-compliant vehicle is observed in the zone for which no daily charge has been paid, they will be sent a warning letter giving them 28 days to take action to comply with the scheme.

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Helping Operators Understand the LEZ

• Online Compliance Checker allows operators to check the status of their vehicles by entering their license plate

• 732 entry signs were installed at every entry point to the LEZ, and 322 enforcement cameras were installed at strategic points across the capital.

• TfL set up a dedicated enquiries service to help vehicle owners understand how they can comply with the scheme.

• TfL established a comprehensive registrations process for foreign registered vehicles. To date some 67,000 vehicles from 43 countries have registered with TfL.

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TfL vehicle online register shows when vehicles will be affected …

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Operator information leaflet

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Global Media CoverageThe LEZ was the lead story on BBC London and ITV’s London Tonight on 4 February, and featured on the Politics Show on 3 February.

The LEZ also featured in press coverage all over the world, including the USA and Australia, Japan & China.

“London's low emission zone will add to its reputation as a leader in sustainable transport policies, following its congestion pricing scheme.” Reuters 1 February 2008.

“This is an ambitious project with a worthwhile goal, which deserves to succeed”Evening Standard 4 February 2008.

Truck pollution fine for capitalFinancial Times 2 February 2008.

London launches £200-a-day ‘dirty lorry’ entry chargeGuardian 4 February 2008

Polluting trucks entering London have to pay $400Wall Street Journal Europe 5 February 2008

London’s new low emission zone will be a breath of fresh airSurveyor 31 January 2008

“There has been so much publicity about the LEZ… you’d have to have been living in a cave for the last 12 months not to have picked up something about it”Motor Transport 7 February 2008

Dirty truckers’ zone tollThe London Paper 5 February 2008

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Impacts Monitoring

• The LEZ Baseline Impacts Monitoring report was published in July 2008

• Sets out the conditions prior to the start of the scheme providing a baseline against which the scheme impacts can be analysed. It includes:

• Measurement of the change in vehicle characteristics using cameras.

• Use of established London Atmospheric Emissions Inventory and AQ model to cover vehicle changes and to calculate emissions / AQ impacts.

• Supporting research around these and other key issues such as health and economic / business impacts.

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LEZ Impacts• Since its Introduction in 2008 LEZ has had a real impact on pollution saving

28 tonnes of particulate matter which is equal to saving

– 127 million km driven by a Euro III Artic– that is 160 return trips to the moon or – approximately 677,000 times around the M25

LEZ reduces pollution at the road site – where the pollution is heaviest and targets the kind of pollution – fine particles - which are most hazardous to health.

The LEZ changes in 2012 estimated to deliver around twice these reductions in air pollution -critical to London meeting legal air quality standards.

Including vans and minibuses will give children with chest complaints over 12,000 days free from suffering symptoms and adults almost 18,000 days

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LEZ Compliance 2008

Since January 2012:

» Some 99% of vans and minibuses seen driving in the zone now meet the new emissions standards (Euro 3 for PM)

» Some 96% of lorries, buses and coaches seen driving in the zone now meet the new emissions standards (Euro IV for PM)

LEZ Compliance 2012 - Present