Research design in Indonesia: Overview of potential sites

Inception Workshop: GCS-Tenure Project

Mani Ram Banjade, Nining Liswanti, Tuti Herawati and Esther Mwangi3rd July, 2014

Outline

Site selection criteria

Site selection process

Key actors consulted

Diversities considered

Overview of sites and key features

Site selection criteria

A. Status of tenure reform

• Diversity of social forestry regimes

• Current status: formalisation, tenure reform implementation

• Tenure security

• Diversity of actors

B. Community attributes

• Community diversity: Adat, immigrants and mixed

• Customary institutions

C. Willingness of local stakeholders to participate in the research

Site selection process

Preliminary information through available

literature and data: MOF, FORDA

Consultation with experts

Site selection visits: discussion with

community, district and provincial level

authorities

Observation of sites and events

Review of data based on:

• Preliminary interaction with various

actors

• Additional data from MOF, provinces

and districts

Observation

Map of Potential Sites

Maluku visitProvince level: Forestry Agency, Forest Gazettment Agency (BPKH), Regional Planning Agency (BAPPEDA), Nature Resource Conservation Agency

(BKSDA), Forest Resource Conservation Agency

(KSDH), Watershed Management Agency (BPDAS), National Land Agency (BPN), State Enterprice Agency (Kapet Seram), AMAN, and Agriculture Faculty of UNPATTI

District level: • Forestry Agency, • Regency Secretary

(SEKDA), • Regional Planning

Agency (BAPPEDA), and

• National Land Agency (BPN)

Village level:• Kamariang village

Lampung Visit

Province level: Forestry Agency (Dinas

Kehutanan) Land Use Planning Agency

(BAPPEDA), and Attended a HKm Workshop

Community level:• HKm Farmer Group in

Sumber Djaya• Kubu Prahu (a community

adjacent to the Bukit Barisan National Park)

• Pahmongan Village (Damar Tapping)

Capturing diversity: Basis of district selection

Presence of social forestry schemes: HKM, HTR, Hutan Desa,

Hutan Adat

Specific Purpose Zone (KDTI) (Lampung only)

Status of implementation of tenure reform

Community diversity: e.g. traditional, immigrants and mixed

Land tenure status (individual,

clan, village)

Certification (before, now, none)

Concession (before, now, none)

Migrants (before, now, none)

Landscape position (coastal,

mountain)

Tenure history:

- before reform (colonial,

concession)

- After reform (HKM, HTR,

KPH)

Capturing diversity: Basis of selection of

communities

Overview of sites

Seram Barat Lampung Barat

Total Land Area 6.948 Sq. Km 2.064,4 Sq. Km

Total Forest Area 659.000 Ha (95%) 126.956,27 Ha (61,50%)

HKm Yes (formalization process has started)

Yes (implementation)

HTR No Yes

Hutan Desa No No

KPH Yes Yes

Total Population 180.398 280.307 ha

District wise status of social forestry schemes in Lampung

District HKm HTR Hutan Desa Hutan AdatLampung Barat Y Y - YLampung Utara Y - - -Tanggamus Y - - -Lampung Tengah Y - - -Lampung Timur Y - - -Way kanan Y - - -Lampung Selatan Y - Y -Pesawarn Y - - -Pringsewu Y - - -

Lampung Bara

t

Lampung U

tara

Tangg

amus

Lampung Te

ngah

Lampung Ti

mur

Way

kanan

Lampung Se

latan

Pesaw

arn

Prings

ewu0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

HKm Area (ha)

Only five out of 13 districts have started implementing HKm. Four others included here have started the process but yet to finish formalization

HKm Implementation Status in Lampung Province

Lampung B

arat

Lampung U

tara

Tangg

amus

Lampung T

enga

h

Lampung T

imur

Way

kanan

Lampung S

elatan

Pesawarn

Pringse

wu0

5

10

15

20

25

30 26

6

14

24

0

5

0 0 0

HKm groups in the districts of Lampung Province

No. of HKm groups

Presence of different schemes in the districts of Lampong Province (ha)

Tanggamus Lampung Barat

Way Kanan Lampung Utara

Lampung Tengah

-

2,000.00

4,000.00

6,000.00

8,000.00

10,000.00

12,000.00

14,000.00

16,000.00

18,000.00

HKmHTRHutan Adat

Key features: Lampung Barat

15 sub-districts, 136 villages, 67% of them adjacent to the

protection forests and Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park

High exposure to external actors: NGOs, Research

Institutions

Information from earlier works

Pioneering HKm

KDTI

Elite capture

Key features: West Seram

92 Desa; Immigrants in 15 Desa

Limited external intervention

Previous experience of logging and mining

Strong Adat communities and Adat institutions

Strong support of government agencies for

strengthening community rights

Villages in West Seram District

Contrasting features

Strength of Adat Institutions

Implementation status of various social forestry schemes

External intervention

Presence of Civil Society Organisations

Complementing

Lampung: Inform Maluku on processes of establishing social

forestry schemes (HKm, Hutan Desa, HTR) and Hutan Adat

Maluku: Insights on how and under what conditions

customary authorities can manage forests

Suggestions are welcome!