Privately Protected Marine Areas – Why do we need them?

Sibylle Riedmiller, Chumbe Island Coral Park, www.chumbeisland.com

• 25% of the world’smarine fish species

• Livelihood for 500 million people

• < 45% still healthy …but threatened & disappearing

• ~19% already dead(coral bleaching, over/destructive fishing,

pollution)

By 2020: at least 10%2020: at least 10% of coastal & marine areas protected 2017: 2017: 13.2%13.2% under national jurisdiction covered,

5.3%5.3% of the total global ocean area

Worldwide Coral Reef Crisis

States are failing conservation

• Poor PA governancePoor PA governance, “Paper parks“, PA Degrading, Down-sizing and Degazettement (PADDD)

• Common myth “PAs are a luxury“Common myth “PAs are a luxury“ that need to be subsidized

• PAs massively subsidize government budgets, mostly through tourismtourism

• Lack of no-take zones• Lack of funding

Tourism can directly support coral reef conservation

Most MPAs are not functional

• Poor enforcement• Lack of community involvement

Balmford / IUCN (2015)556 state-run PA’s

51 countries

Chumbe Island Coral Park - Zanzibar/TanzaniaPrivately Protected Marine Park under “MCA”Privately Protected Marine Park under “MCA”

• Not-for-profitNot-for-profit social biz: 100% financed by ecotourism since 2000

• Management PlansManagement Plans 1995-2027• Environmental Education programEnvironmental Education program

> 7.200 pupils, 1.200 teachers, 860 community members

• Multi-Award-winning & certified as GER by TLR• Recognition as exemplary PES - UN Secretary

Report on Coral Reefs for Rio+20

• Exceptional biodiversity• Effective management

MPA = ‘Spill-over effect’ • TerrestrialTerrestrial (potential human-wildlife conflicts)

versusversus marinemarine: re-stocking adjacent areas, fishers benefit directly

• Good potential for alliance between fishers & PPA tourism investors, attractive investmentattractive investment if conditions favourable

Landmark Resolution 36, 2016

Supporting PPAs

• Include PPAs in reporting about protected area coverageInclude PPAs in reporting about protected area coverage to WDPA & CBD

• Adopt policies that recognise, encourage and monitor PPAsAdopt policies that recognise, encourage and monitor PPAs as key contribution to national and international conservation targets

• Integrate PPAsIntegrate PPAs into national, provincial and local PA systems

• Create or promote legal and financial incentivesCreate or promote legal and financial incentives formaintenance and strengthening of PPAs

National policies to be addressed• Conservation policies, laws & regulationsConservation policies, laws & regulations to allow & encourage

PPAs & Marine Conservation Agreements (MCA)• Land tenure rightsLand tenure rights: improve security of tenure for PPAs • Investment policiesInvestment policies: improve biz climate for PPAs• Tourism policiesTourism policies: Mainstream sustainable & socially responsible

tourism • Tax lawsTax laws: create incentives for PPAs, e.g. PES

For our Blue Planet

Change the policies,Change the policies,not the climate!not the climate!

National policies to be addressed• Conservation policies, laws & regulationsConservation policies, laws & regulations to allow & encourage

PPAs & Marine Conservation Agreements (MCA)• Land tenure rightsLand tenure rights: improve security of tenure for PPAs • Investment policiesInvestment policies: improve biz climate for PPAs• Tourism policiesTourism policies: Mainstream sustainable & socially responsible

tourism • Tax lawsTax laws: create incentives for PPAs, e.g. PES

For our Blue Planet

Change the policies,Change the policies,not the climate!not the climate!