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Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes Gisela Sommer
Waste Management Technician
Waste Agency of Catalonia, Spain
2 23/10/2014
3
Objectives and Targets: EU
• Art 11: Separate collection of at least paper, metals, plastic, glass
implemented in 2015 Preparation for reuse and recycling of the above mentioned
materials increased to 50% in weight in 2020
• Art 22: Member States have to promote separate collection of bio-
waste and its recovery
Picture source: http://www.eniscuola.net/en/sustainability/contenuti/waste/left/the-waste-cycle/separate-collection/
Framework Directive 2008/98/EC
Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
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PRECAT 20:
Objectives and Targets: Catalonia
• Quantitative targets: Separate collection: 60% of all municipal waste generated in
2020 Preparation for reuse and recycling: 55% in weight of glass,
paper, metall, plastic, biowaste and other recyclables in 2020
• Qualitative targets: Biowaste: contaminant materials < 10 % in 2020 Mixed packaging waste: contaminant materials < 25 % in 2016
Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
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External Factors conditioning collection: Territory and Population
23/10/2014 5
Population Surface Density MunicipalitiesInhabitants km2 inhab/km2 No.
Catalonia 7.553.650 32.106 235 947
Metropolitan Area 3.228.569 636 5.076 36
Barcelona 1.611.822 101 15.959 1
Catalonia
Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
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External Factors: Topography and Type of Settlements
6 23/10/2014 Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
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External Factors: Topography and Type of Settlements
7 23/10/2014 Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
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External Factors: Urban Structure and Housing
8 23/10/2014 04/05/2015 8 Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
9 9 23/10/2014 04/05/2015 9 Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
External Factors: Climate
10 10 23/10/2014 04/05/2015 10 Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
External Factors: Tourism
11 23/10/2014
Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
External Factors: Tourism
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External Factors: Administrational Organisation
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947 Municipalities Authorities responsible for MSW collection May delegate obligations to Consortia Consells Comarcals (County Councils) Associations of municipalities Etc.
23/10/2014 Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
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Catalonia: Municipal Waste Composition
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Separate collection of: Light packaging Glass Paper&cardboard Organic Fraction (biowaste)
Biological Treatment
Rest Fraction (mixed residual waste) Mechanical Biological Treatment Landfill Incineration
Analysis 2013
23/10/2014 Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
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Catalonia: Municipal Waste Generation
Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
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Collection of wastes subject to Extended Producer‘s Responsibility (EPR)
Packaging waste In collaboration with municipal collection service
WEEE Batteries Medicines Tyres Mineral oils
Collection partly through 338 Civic Amenity Sites run by local authorities, retailers, pharmacies, car repair shops
Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
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Collection by or on behalf of the local authorities
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Bring Systems:
Bring banks
Underground Containers Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
In public areas
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Established by municipalities in their ordinances
Most common features:
daily On an established day of the month when full
Collection frequency
Collection by or on behalf of the local authorities
Bring Systems:
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Collection schedules
Established by municipalities in their ordinances Most common features:
At night During the day To avoid traffic disturbance
To reduce noise disturbance
Collection by or on behalf of the local authorities
Bring Systems:
Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
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Collection by or on behalf of the local authorities Bring Systems
Pneumatic collection
Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
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Collection by or on behalf of the local authorities Bring Systems
04/05/2015 20
346 Drive-in Sites
470 Civic Amenity Sites (CAS)
41 Green points in neighbourhoods
83 Mobile CAS
Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
Citizens deposit separated wastes at their door step
Collection by or on behalf of the local authorities Fetch System: Door-to-Door Collection
Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
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Collection by or on behalf of the local authorities
Door-to-Door Collection Schemes
04/05/2015 22
Strategic Fractions
Complementary collection
Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
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Fraction Collection of domestic and
commercial waste
Additional collection of
commercial waste Biowaste 3 – 4 / week 1 / week Mixed residual waste 1 – 2 / week 1 / week Paper 1 / week 1 / week Mixed Packaging 2 / week Glass 1 / week Multiproduct (paper + mixed packaging)
2 / week
Residu Mínim (mixed pack. + residual w.)
2 / week
Green waste 1 – 2 / month Cooking oils 1 / month Bulky waste 1 – 2 / month
Collection frequency
Collection by or on behalf of the local authorities Door-to-Door
Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
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Example: 5 Fractiones D-t-D
Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
25 Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
Door-to-Door Collection
Municipal ordinances
Separation at source obligatory
Circuits and timetables
Collection fees
Commercial Waste
Collection by or on behalf of the local authorities
26 Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
Home and Community Composting
2013
428 Municipalities
5.800 t of Biowaste treated
in Individual Composters
and Community Composters
27 Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes
New Challenges
Economic Situation causes • Scavenging of paper and metal • Break ins in Civic Amenity Sites • Canibalization of WEEE
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Catalonia: Separate Collection 2013
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Total MSW amount 2013:
2.226.819 t 373.828 t 262.427 t 158.240 t 127.574 t
3.588.635 t
23/10/2014
10,6% 7,3% 4,4% 3,6% 12,1% 62,1%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Separately collected Residual waste
Efficient Collection Systems for Municipal Solid Wastes New target [PRECAT20]
in 2020
475 kg/inh./y
49,5 kg/inh./y
34,7 kg/inh./y
21,0 kg/inh./y
16,9 kg/inh./y
294,8 kg/inh./y
Civic Amenity Site
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Catalonia‘s 41 Counties: MSW Generation and Separate Collection 2013: kg/inh/y
Tourism
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Catalonia‘s 41 Counties: Separate Collection 2013: in %
Door-to-Door collection widely extended
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Catalonia‘s 41 Counties: Separate Collection 2013: Biowaste, paper, glass and packaging (kg/inh./y)
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Catalonia‘s 41 Counties: Gross and Nett Separate Collection 2013: in %
Counties with Door-to-Door Collection
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External Factors Climate
Territory
Urban structure
Social structure
Economic situation
Etc.
Conclusions:
Waste related factors Waste composition
Competences with respect to MSW
Existence of legal instruments
Existence of financial instruments
Existence of EPR schemes
Etc.
MSW Collection depends on
Efficient MSW Collection should combine several systems
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Door-to-Door Collection
More information
ASSOCIATION OF CATALAN MUNICIPALITIES FOR DOOR-TO-DOOR COLLECTION
Handbook about door to door selective waste collection in spanish language
Report: Economic balance of door-to-door and road containers waste collection for local authorities and proposals for its optimisation
Videos: Door-to-Door Selective Collection (4 min.) Door-to-Door Selective Collection and waste prevention (14 min.) Door-to-Door Selective collection (en Catalán, 9 min.)
Separate Collection of MSW in Catalonia
MSW Statistics in Catalonia
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