BE 3220 ProjectOil Spills at Clemson

Marina

Allison Thompson, Clare Moriarty, and Emily Megin

Objectives

Determine the effects of Clemson Marina’s

Oil runoffOil spillsOther pollutants

Propose solutionsOil Adsorbing hair matsOil Absorbing Powder

Google Earth satellite image.

Importance

Water Quality

RunoffNon-point pollution sources

Sustainable solutions

Impact on aquatic lifehttp://q13fox.com/2014/02/22/ecologists-closely-monitor-oil-spill-after-shelter-bay-marina-fire-destroys-7-yachts/

Problem

Excess oilGasoline

Engine oil

From leaking boats and spills

Other harsh chemical spillsAntifreeze

Damaging effects to surrounding ecosystem

Poor water quality

Harmful to fish and aquatic life

http://phys.org/news/2010-05-bp-told-toxic-dispersant-oil.html

Sources

PointRefueling stationMoored boats

Non-point

Service shop

Dry parked boats

Photo: Emily MeginPhoto: Allison Thompson

Runoff

Total Area - 12.4 acres

Soil propertiesWooded - poor condition

Soil type C - sandy clay loam

CN = 0.77

Precipitation - 3 inches

Soil cover complex method

Q = (P - 0.2S)2/(P + 0.8S)

Runoff - Q = 1.15 in

Runoff volume - V = 1.19 ac - ft

USDA soil survey

Possible SolutionsHair Mat

Ottimat

Hair naturally adsorbed oil

Large surface area

Oil Absorbent Powder

Oil Solutions (OS)

Powder absorbs 10x its weight

Easily extracted from water

http://assets.inhabitat.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/1/files/2010/05/oil-spill-hair-booms-made-of-pet-and-human-hair4.jpg

http://www.cleaningupoil.com/

Hair Mat Background

Mass produced hair mat product

99% human hair / 1% polypropylene skim

Adsorb:Petroleum

Benzene

Ethanol

Hydrophobic

Reuse 100+ times

http://assets.inhabitat.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/1/files/2010/06/hairmattmushies.jpg

Ottimat Quality

NASA experiment300 lbs contaminated mix

55 gallon tank

13 min

17 parts of oil/million parts of water

EPA standard: 15 ppm http://assets.inhabitat.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/1/files/2010/06/hairmatoilspillcleanup.jpg

Ottimat Benefits

Adsorbs oil instead of absorbing7.8 gallons/mat cubic foot

2.5 minute per use

Wrung out and used again98% released

Tensile strength 38 lbs

Large-scale petroleum http://www.oilspillrecovery.com/page3.html

Oil Solutions Powder Background

99% copolymer, 1% antioxidant

FDA approved and EPA listed landfill safe

Absorbs:Crude oil

Heating oil

Gasoline

Kerosine

Jet fuel

Hydraulic fluids

Motor oil

Diesel

1 to 2 pounds of powder needed per gallon of oil

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mPrdrc5xsFs

OS Powder QualityDepartment of Air Force Experiment

Not a Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) contributor

No negative impacts on aquatic life

Density of 15.6lb/ft3 Indefinitely floats

Copolymers cross-link with hydrocarbons to form a rubber-like mat

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cmlunCbBV_o

Comparison Conclusion

Theoretical 10 gallon oil spill

Ottimat (12” x 12” x 1”) OS Powder (10 lbs)

Time 38 minutes 23 minutes

Cost $10 $90

Re used? Yes, 15 times No, disposed of

Summary Conclusion

Overall oil in lake = 3.5 gallons/month

Best choice = OttimatSmall scale

Bought once and re-used

$10 (12” x 12” x 1”)

Used approx 5 times/month

Used for 20 months Photo: Emily Megin

References1. Lee, Richard F., and David S. Page. "Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Their Effects in Subtidal Regions after Major Oil Spills."

ScienceDirect. N.p., Nov. 1997. Web. 26 Apr. 2016.2. Johnson, Leigh Taylor. "How Much Is Too Much Oil?" Boating Environmental Forum. 23 Oct. 2013. Web.3. EPA. "EPA Superfund Program: SANGAMO WESTON, INC./TWELVE-MILE CREEK/LAKE HARTWELL PCB

CONTAMINATION, PICKENS, SC." United States Environmental Protection Agency. Web. 26 Apr. 2016.4. Ownio, T. Course Notes. Clemson University. 2016.5. Sadler, Charlene. "Hair a 'magical, Yucky' Solution for Oil Spills." CBCnews. CBC/Radio Canada, 13 May 2010. Web. 26

Apr. 2016.6. "OttiMat." Oil Spill Recovery Solution. n.d. Web. 26 Apr. 2016. <http://www.oilspillrecovery.com/page3.html>.7. “Clean Wave.” Matter of Trust. Web. 26 Apr. 2016. <https://squareup.com/store/matteroftrust/>8. "Marine Oil Spill Solutions." Oil Solutions Patent Oil Remediation Solutions. Web. 26 Apr. 2016.

<http://www.cleaningupoil.com/marine/>.9. Burns, Lyle D., and Geoffry O. Mitchel. "An Emerging Solution for Oil Cleanup." Oil Solutions. 30 Nov. 2008. Web. 26 Apr.

2016.