Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City » Chapter 3 “Introduction to the Smart City” American University of Science and Technology August 2014

Sustainable and Smart City : AUST Summer Course

Chapter 3 : Introduc8on to Smart City

Professor Isam SHAHROUR

Isam.shahrour@univ-‐lille1.fr

City

Greenhouse emission Climate Change

Popula4on Expansion (Explosion)

Energy & water consump4on

Traffic conges4on

Air, water & soil pollu4on

Financial & economic Crises

Health & educa4on

Housing

Poverty Slums

Gouvernance par4cipa4on

Society aging

Increase demand for life quality & comfort

The City Challenges

Infrastructure

Housing

Urbaniza8on

Management

(governance)

Sustainable City Env-‐ responsible Social -‐responsible Futur genera8on

Huge Financial and economic crises

Digital technology revolu8on (Smart City Concept)

Statement : We have to transform our city

Infrastructures

Buildings Governance

Facing the 2th century challenges

City

transforma8on

Improve the buildings and infrastructure quality Large investment, takes 6me.. In Europe new buildings represent about 1% of the buildings stock annually

Two strategies

Improve the infrastructure management (Digital technology) Low investment, rapid implementa6on

Les réseaux sociaux Digital Revolu8on •  Communica4on •  Social network •  Mobile •  Internet of things

Smart sensors technology

Smart Technology Smart governance

SMART CITY

Health, Educa4on Art, Culture

BIG DATA digital, images, movies, audios

More data

Smart city technology allows

•  Real-‐8me monitoring (Urban systems as well as other urban related data) •  Rapid ac8on in the case of abnormal event (leakage, contamina8on, overload,..) •  Op8mal management of resources •  Stakeholders implica8on and par8cipa8on •  Development of predic8ve models

Smart City Technology movies

A3 Cisco Smart Grid -‐ HD Version A4 Alsthom Architecture of a Smart Grid A5 Smart Grid Denmark -‐ the intelligent power grid of the future A6 Smart ci8es in the new urban world Peter Nijkamp at TEDxUdG

Smart City history

Smart Grid historical perspec8ve

Smart City Interna8onal overview

Ci8es Strategy and vision

SIEMENS report, 2010

Survey in 15 ci8es across the world

15 CITIES

Ci8es Classifica8on: •  Emerging ci4es: Popula4on Growth 3 to 6 % •  Transi4onal ci4es : Popula4on Growth 2 to 3 % •  Mature Ci4es : Popula4on Growth 1 to 2 %

Smart City in EUROPE

Ci4es are becoming more and more a focal point for our economies and society, because of : •  On-‐going urbaniza4on •  increasingly knowledge-‐intensive economies •  their growing share of resource consump4on

and emissions.

Why ?

To meet public policy objec4ves under these circumstances, Ci4es need to change and develop, but in 4mes of 8ght budgets this change needs to be achieved in a smart way: our ci8es need to become 'smart ci8es'.

Why ?

EU’s 20/20/20 energy and climate targets In 2020 (compared to 1990) : •  20% reduc4on in CO2 emissions •  20% coming from renewables •  20% increase in energy efficiency.

Triple boeom line gain for Europe: •  A significant improvement of ci4zens'

quality of life, •  An increased compe44veness of Europe's

industry •  Strong contribu4on to sustainability and the

EU’s 20/20/20 energy and climate targets

Triple boeom line gain for Europe: This will be achieved through : wide-‐reaching roll out of integrated, scalable, sustainable Smart City solu9ons – specifically in areas where •  energy produc4on, distribu4on and use; •  mobility and transport; •  and informa4on and communica4on

technologies are in8mately linked.

2014

Stockholm : Traffic Conges8on

City traffic decrease by 18% CO2 emission decrease 14-‐18 %

Smart City in United States Smart Grid – NEMA Report (2011) NEMA : Associa6on of electrical and medical imaging equipment manufacturers (US)

Smart Grid – NEMA Report (2011)



Novembre 2013

Smart City in INDIA

July 18, 2014

New ini8a8ve to support $40 billion smart ci8es in the UK October, 9, 2013

SMART CITY in UK

Smart City JAPAN

Rio de Janeiro Smart City IBM, January 2011

Rio Opera8ons Center (control room) •  Ini4al focus was floods, soil sliding and emergency •  The scope considerably extended to: transporta4on, water, weather and energy

Smart City in Africa

2014

IBM

CISCO

NEC helps realize Smart Ci8es by offering five leading technologies:

hdp://www.forbes.com/sites/sarwantsingh/2014/06/19/smart-‐ci4es-‐a-‐1-‐5-‐trillion-‐market-‐opportunity/

www.forbes.com June 19, 2014

Sarwant Singh

Big Data and Smart City

Set of technologies and prac8ces to: •  Collect and store large amounts of data •  Analyze large and varied data very quickly.

Big data :

Big data :

•  Enormous amounts of both structured and unstructured data,

•  Difficult to manage with conven8onal storage solu8ons and treatment.

•  They come from various sources and are (mostly) produced in real 8me.

Open data : Open data : data that can be freely used, shared and built-‐on by anyone, anywhere, for any purpose.

Requirements for open data Legal openness: you must be allowed to get the data l, to build on it, and to share it. Technical openness: there should be no technical barriers to using that data (machine readable)

Big Data : major role in the society of tomorrow •  Research, Educa4on, •  health •  Sustainable development, transport, •  security •  Marke4ng, customer services,

Big Data -‐ the 3V : Variety, Velocity and Volume.

4th "V" = Value Big Data has an important societal or (and) economic value

Data Analysis of Big data Objec4ve: •  Understanding complex phenomena

(Research,..) •  Elabora4on of socio-‐economic strategy

(health, educa4on, transport, …) •  Process op4miza4on •  Understand customer expecta4ons, •  Establish business strategies

Complex profession requiring: •  Group work (data providers, users, Math, info, Applied Sciences,….)

•  Good scien4fic background, •  Knowledge of methods of data analysis, •  Good knowledge of computer technology •  Taste for "business" applica4on

Big Data Mining profession

EU Data Protec8on Direc8ve (95/46/EC) : « Personal data » : any informa4on rela4ng to an iden4fied or iden4fiable natural person Iden8fiable person : who can be iden4fied, directly or indirectly, in par4cular by reference to an iden4fica4on number or to one or more factors specific to his physical, physiological, mental, economic, cultural or social iden4ty.

Personal data

Big Data Movies : B1 to B5

Smart City Implementa8on

Health, Educa4on Art, Culture, commerce,

City Big Data

Implementa8on of the smart city ?

City

Campus

Step 1: Establish the need and strategy •  Understand the need and the challenges of the

city (urban system) and how the SC concept could respond to these challenges.

•  Based on the diagnos4c phase, establish a mul4-‐phase strategy with milestones

•  Establish a government model for the smart city

The Smart City implementa8on journey

Step 2 : Data collec8on •  Data concerning the physical urban

infrastructures (Geographic Informa4on System GIS)

•  Smart Monitoring of urban infrastructures (smart sensors and actuators)

•  Data concerning the urban environment as well as urban usages


Step 3 : Communica8on Build real 4me bi-‐direc4onal communica4on with urban system as well as with the city stakeholders : •  Combining wired and contactless technology, •  Heterogeneous sensors and protocols, •  Reliability, Cyber security, •  Energy saving


Step 4 : Data analysis •  Technology and sojware to store and analyse

huge amount of data (Big Data) (real-‐4me) •  Develop predic4on model based on the historical

and geo-‐localized data


Step 5 : Protocols Establish protocols for

•  Op4mal management, •  Crisis management, •  Implica4on of end-‐users •  New services (business)


Strategy for policy-‐makers •  Use the data, analy4cs,… to establish urban

development and investment strategy •  Innovate in the socio-‐economic model (taxes,

private-‐public partnerships, social aid,…-‐


•  Improvement • Extension • New services

The Smart City implementa8on journey Itera8ve procedure:

Implementa4on

Tes4ng

Stakeholders back-‐field and demand

Usage

Engineering

Professor Isam Shahrour Summer Course « Smart and Sustainable City » Chapter 3 “Introduction to the Smart City” American University of Science and Technology August 2014