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Agenda Team Composition
INCOSE MBSE Initiative – SSWG & Challenge Team
What is Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) & Systems Modeling Language (SysML)
MBSE Roadmap for INCOSE
SSWG Challenge Project History (Phases 1 – 3)
Phase 1: CubeSat Reference Model & Application to Radio Aurora Explorer Mission (RAX) 3U CubeSat
Phase 2: Expanded RAX CubeSat Model including modeling behaviors and interface with Commercial Off the Shelf Simulation tools
Phase 3: CubeSat Enterprise Model Expansion (cost & product lifecycle) & design & operational characteristics of RAX
Developing a CubeSat Reference Model (Phase 4)
Next Steps
How to Participate
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JPL
NoMagic, MagicDraw
Developers/Engineers
CubeSat Challenge Team
Composition
JPL & NASA
Engineers
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University Professors & Students
Engineers and Developers from
Commercial Modeling & Simulation
Tool Providers
Modeling Experts from across the
world
Space System Working Group Lead
– David Kaslow
CubeSat Challenge Team Lead –
Louise Anderson
INCOSE MBSE Initiative - Genesis, Flow,
Interaction
4
International Council on
Systems Engineering (INCOSE)
INCOSE SE Vision 2020 [1]
2007
MBSE & SysML
MBSE Initiative &
Roadmap [2], ]3]
MBSE Challenge Teams
Space System Modeling
Object Modeling
Group (OMG)
1989
Unified
Modeling
Language
(UML)
1995
Systems
Modeling
Language
(SysML) [4]
2006
INCOSE
Working
Groups
Space
Systems
Working
Group
2000
SSWG
Challenge
Project
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CubeSat Focus
2011
MBSE and SysML
5
INCOSE Systems Engineering Vision 2020 [1]
MBSE: Formalized application of modeling to support system
requirements, design, analysis, verification, and validation activities
Object Management Group [4]
SysML: A graphical modeling language
for modeling complex systems including
hardware, software, information,
personnel, procedures, and facilities
Survey of Model Based Systems Engineering Methodologies [5], [6]
e.g. INCOSE OOSEM, IBM Telelogic Harmony SE, Vitech MBSE
MBSE: A collection of related processes, methods, and tools
Object Oriented Systems
Engineering Method
OOSEM
Top down, scenario
driven process that uses
SysML
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SysML
6
Model
Elements
Blocks
Actors
Flow
Specifications
Constraint Blocks
Interfaces
Signals
Ports
…
Diagrams are views of the
underlying system model
Behavior
Diagrams
Use Case
Activity
Sequence
State Machine
Structure
Diagrams
Block Definition
Internal Block
Block Properties
Parts
References
Values
Constraints
Operations
Receptions
A Block is the basic
unit of structure
Parametric
Diagram
Package
Diagram
Requirements
Diagram
SysML is a language
It is not a methodology
It is not a tool
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CubeSats? NanoSatellite (1-10kg)
Used for Space Research, Technology Demonstrations
1U = 10 cm^3, 2U, and 3U
Ultra Low Cost Missions
University/Company Training
COTS Hardware
First CubeSat Launched in 2003
Over 75+ CubeSats in Operation
10/27/2014 7
ISIS. "CubeSat Concept - Satellite Missions." CubeSat Concept - Satellite
Missions. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Jan. 2013.
<https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/c-
missions/CubeSat-concept>
MBSE RoadMap
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2010 2020 2025
Matu
rity
MBSE Capability
Ad Hoc MBSE Document Centric
2010
Well Defined MBSE
Institutionalized MBSE across Academia/Industry
Reduced cycle times Design optimization across broad trade space Cross domain effects based analysis
System of systems interoperability
Extending Maturity and Capability
Distributed & secure model repositories crossing multiple domains
Defined MBSE theory, ontology, and formalisms
Emerging MBSE standards
Matured MBSE methods and metrics, Integrated System/HW/SW models
Architecture model integrated with Simulation, Analysis, and Visualization
•Planning & Support
•Research
•Standards Development
•Processes, Practices, & Methods
•Tools & Technology Enhancements
•Outreach, Training & Education
Refer to activities in
the following areas:
[3]
SSWG Challenge Project History
9
INCOSE MBSE
Challenge Project
Initiated in 2007
INCOSE SSWG
2007-2010
Phase 0
Modeled a Space System
in SysML
Hypothetical FireSat –
Space Mission Analysis
and Design
Enterprise Modeling
for CubeSats
All lifecycle phases
RAX CubeSat Model
Trade Studies
MBSE CubeSat Project
2011 to Present
Phase 1
CubeSat Framework
Preliminary RAX Model
Phase 2
RAX Behavior Modeling
Power, Comm, State
(Phase 3)
(Phase 1-2)
Early
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Model Examples
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Tools
11
No Magic - MagicDraw
Graphical modeling tool
No Magic - Cameo Simulation Toolkit
Enables the time-step execution of behavior models within Magic Draw
InterCAX - Paramagic
Plug-in modudle for MagicDraw
Enables the execution of parametric models and system trades
Wraps external models such as MATLAB/Simulink, Mathematica , or
Excel
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Tools
12
Analytical Graphics - Systems Tool Kit
Simulation and visualization of spacecraft behavior
• Phoenix Integration - ModelCenter
– Graphical environment for creating simulation workflows by integrating
various types of simulation models, including Excel spreadsheets, STK
scenarios, and MATLAB scripts.
– Once a simulation workflow is created, PHX ModelCenter executes the
workflow, automatically transferring data between the simulators
• Phoenix Integration - MBSE Analyzer
– Enables the execution of parametric diagrams via ModelCenter
10/27/2014
Phase 0 - FireSat MIT/GaTech
Collaboration
Build an integrated model of FireSat
SubSystems in Matlab, STK, Excel
Integrated with Phoenix Model Center
Student Teams Mentored by Industry Experts from INCOSE SSWG
Successes
executable trade model for FireSat
Challenges
Difficult to build
SubSystem models were difficult to integrate
No architecture of the model integration or key parameters
Difficult to Audit for completeness correctness
Phase 1/2 – CubeSat
Framework and Method
Build a Modeling Framework and Method for CubeSats
CubeSat Domain-Specific Terms
SE Framework for Modeling CubeSat Missions, Spacecraft, and Ground Systems
Example Application using RAX Mission
Successes
First version of Framework
Early version of multiple executable demos
Challenges
Resources
Executability
Integration
15
MBSE CubeSat Project
Phase 3
Integrated Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE)
Applied to the Simulation of a CubeSat Mission
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RAX Mission Simulation
16
State Diagrams
Orbit
Solar
Experiment
Download
Models behavior in
response to internal
and external events
Parametric Diagrams
Get States
Power Collection
Update Energy
Update Data
Update Download
Mapped to analytical and
simulation models that
estimate RAX performance
Activity Diagrams
Run Operation
‒ Steps through time
Update States
Send Signals
‒ Controls update
of state values
Update State Values
Defines actions in the
activity along with the flow
of input, output, and control
Time step through a scenario and model:
Energy collection and usage
Data collection, storage, and downlink
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17
MBSE CubeSat Project
Phase 4
Developing a CubeSat
Model Based System Engineering (MBSE)
Reference Model
10/27/2014
CubeSat Reference and Project
Models
18
CubeSat System
Reference Model
SysML elements for
specifying requirements,
design, development, and
operations
Starting point for
mission specific
CubeSat model
CubeSat Project Model
Processes and methods for
developing and operating
Includes SysML activity and
sequence diagrams
Cal Poly CubeSat Design Specification [7]
Mechanical, Electrical, Communication Licenses, Imaging Licenses,
Debris Mitigation, Verification Reporting and Signoff
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CubeSat Reference Model - Scope
19
CubeSat Reference Model
A model that can be used as a
starting point for a mission
specific CubeSat model
Phases of
Operations
Launch
Early ops
Normal ops
Degraded
Sustainment
Foundations
INCOSE Systems Engineering Handbook [8]
NASA System Engineering Handbook [9]
Applied Space Systems Engineering [10]
Space Mission Engineering -The New SMAD [11]
CubeSat Mission Design Based on Systems
Engineering Approach [12]
Lifecycles
Conception through
retirement
Mission
Stakeholders
Needs
Objectives
Measures of
Effectiveness
Constraints
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CubeSat Reference Model – Goal
20
CubeSat
Reference Model
SysML Diagrams
Package Diagrams
Block Def Diagrams
Internal Block Diagram
Requirements
Parametrics
Behaviors Mission Specific
CubeSat
Interface with COTS
Modeling and
Simulation Tools
Space and Ground –
System Components
Library of components to
swap in and out of model
No Magic’s
Magic Draw
Graphical SysML
Modeling Tool
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CubeSat System
Reference Model
21 10/27/2014
CubeSat Domains
22 10/27/2014
CubeSat Stakeholders
23 10/27/2014
CubeSat Mission Needs, Objectives, Requirements
24 10/27/2014
CubeSat Operational Domain
25 10/27/2014
CubeSat External Environment
and External Contraints
26 10/27/2014
CubeSat Mission Enterprise
27 10/27/2014
CubeSat Logical Space System
28 10/27/2014
CubeSat Logical Ground
System
29 10/27/2014
Next Steps
NDIA Sys Eng Conf - 29 Oct
2014 INCOSE SSWG MBSE CubeSat Project 30
CubeSat Project Model
Physical Model
Library of Components, Requirements, Processes, etc.
Development Domain
Production Domain
Sustainment Domain
Retirement Domain
How to Participate
Email [email protected] & [email protected]
Added to the [email protected]
Weekly Teleconferences
Friday at 11:00 AM MT
Next one 11/07/14
View Past Meetings Notes
https://drive.google.com/?tab=mo&authuser=0#folders/0BwZ
IJenWp5PXSUc5YmowUUUwcEU
Talk to me Today!
10/27/2014 31
References
[1] Systems Engineering Vision 2020, INCOSE –TP_2004-004-02, ver. 2/03,September 2007. [Online]. Available: http://www.incose.org/ProductsPubs/pdf/SEVision2020_20071003_v2_03.pdf
[2] International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE), “MBSE Initiative,” January 2007. [Online] Available: https://connect.incose.org/tb/MnT/mbseworkshop/
[3] MBSE Roadmap. MBSE Wiki, INCOSE MBSE IW 2012. MBSE Wiki. [Online} Available: http://www.omgwiki.org/MBSE
http://www.omgwiki.org/MBSE/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=mbse:mbse_iw_2012-introduction-2012-01-21-friedenthal-c.pptx
[4] Object Management Group (OMG), OMG Website. [Online]. Available: http://www.omgsysml.org/
[5] Survey of Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) Methodologies. INCOSE-TD-2007-003-01, Ver B. 10 June 2008. [Online]. Available https://www.incose.org/ProductsPubs/pdf/techdata/MTTC/MBSE_Methodology_Survey_2008-0610_RevB-JAE2.pdf.
NDIA Sys Eng Conf - 29 Oct
2014 INCOSE SSWG MBSE CubeSat Project 32
QUESTIONS?
10/27/2014 33
Backup
10/27/2014 34
Radio Aurora Explorer (RAX) Michigan Exploration Lab and SRI International
CubeSat mission
Space Weather Missions
Study plasma irregularities in the ionosphere
Disturbs Ground-Space Communication and Navigation
Science Experiment
Bistatic Radar Configuration
Radar signal transmitted by Incoherent Scatter Radar Site
Poker Flats, Alaska
Science Data
Processed on-board and compressed
Download to a globally distributed network
Commanded by control center in Ann Arbon, Michigan
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Challenge: Communication and Consistency
• Challenges
• Communicating the system in a world of models
• How do you extract all the rich detail from these simulations into
System Specification?
• DOORS? Documents/Slides/Spreadsheets?
• How do you assert mutual consistency between models?
• Meetings? Emails?
• Need an equally rich mechanism for expressing the system
design
– Human readable
– Machine readable
36 10/27/2014
Role of Languages in MBSE Enterprise
37 10/27/2014
From multiple points of view
Capture and express information about the system
Provide analyzable representations of the system
Authoritative source of information about the system
Power Scenario Demo Overview
Motivation
• “Bringing the model to life”, executing model
• Replaces “hacked” integrated software (e.g. manual/ complex code)
Integrating multiple software tools
• MagicDraw (SysML), Systems Tool Kit (STK), Matlab
• Phoenix ModelCenter (PHX) acts as “glue”
What does this enable?
• “Batch” execution of scenarios (i.e. full time history at once)
• Evaluation if requirements are satisfied/objective
• Test/compare scheduling algorithms (heuristic, optimized, etc.)
• Automatically re-run different scenarios (e.g. vary orbit, network)
• Parametric studies: Sensitivity to vehicle/ network parameters
Power Scenario: Lessons Learned
Useful things we “figured out” (with vendor support):
• Extracting time-dependent parameters (e.g. position in STK)
• Passing vectors between simulators was equally useful in PHX
Things to keep in mind for future modeling:
• Ensure you have required licenses! (may require vendor support)
• Parametric diagrams must inherit inputs/ outputs of PHX models
• Exploit existing code/ scenarios as much as possible
• Maintain modularity so can re-configure code for different
applications
Document Generation
10/27/2014 40
Models are great, still need to support reviews and
presentations
Generate document artifacts from the model
Leverage ISO 42010 (with some extensions)
Domain Specific Experts and Reviewers should NOT have to
go back to the model to do their job
Need a way to present the model-based document artifacts to
others without requiring others to understand the model.
Challenge Team History
2007 – First Challenge Team was Founded
2007-2010
SysML Model of FireSat (SMAD Textbook)
SysML Suitability for modeling space missions
2011 – CubeSat Initiative Began
CubeSat Modeling Framework
Foundation to model/design many current and future CubeSat missions
2012
Applying SysML Framework to Operational Mission
10/27/2014 41
Timeline of Activity
Y1: MIT/GaTech Student FireSat Example
Y2-4: SysML model of FireSat
Space Analysis Library using SMAD (Space Mission Analysis
and Design textbook, Wertz and Larson)
Basic Model of FireSat
Solar Panel Trade
Satellite Toolkit Integration
Y5->: CubeSat: An Architecture Framework and Method for
Space Systems MBSE
FireSat SysML Model
Build SysML model of FireSat
Learn SysML
Describe FireSat using SysML
Compare Model Description against typical document representation
Successes
Models of descriptions from book
Model views corresponding to documents
Challenges
Technique of modeling and applying the methodology
Table representations
Model Analysis
Document Production
SysML Space Analysis Library
Build SysML Space Analysis Library
Build Library of analysis from SMAD
Build approach to VnV for Library
Successes
Libraries for many analysis types
Useful testing approach
Challenges
Deep subject – much could not be captured
Executability (significantly improved since)
Units and Dimensions (significantly improved since)
Presentation of equations
FireSat Solar Panel Trade
Use Library to replicate Solar Panel Sizing Trade
FireSat Model and Library-> executable trade
Successes
Successfully built executable trade
Hard-linked to requirements
Powerful view of driving systems properties
Challenges
Executability (improving since)
Debugging
Scaling
FireSat Integrated Modeling
Integrate FireSat SysML Model with Satellite ToolKit
Exchange Orbit Scenario properties
Successes
Basic Exchange of Parameters
Direct comparison of MBSE in SysML and STK
Explicit link between models and requirements
Challenges
Integration
Complicated
Difficult to Scale
Consensus of Team
Modeling with SysML
Everything was hard at first
Methodology is critical to a model that hangs together
SysML simplified construction of basic things like functions and properties
SysML tastes like early CAD apps
Libraries of model analysis were effective in making solar panel trade
Integration with STK
Document Comparison
Model unified properties between views
Simplified understanding of the System
The common SysML language improved communication between teams and simplified collaboration
Automated reports allowed for more time to focus on engineering
