IRRIGATION PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT USING CROPWAT AND CLIMWAT MODEL

SUBMITTED BY SUBMITTED TOSIDDHARTH UPADHYAY S ANBU KUMAR2K15/HFE/15 ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

INTRODUCTION• For a country that consumes such large quantities of rice and wheat, and

leads the world in how much land it devotes to these crops, India produces far lower quantities of these grains than it could.

• EXAMPLE: Currently, India produces 106.19 million tonnes of rice a year from 44 million hectares of land. That’s a yield rate of 2.4 tonnes per hectare, placing India at 27th place out of 47 countries. China and Brazil have yield rates of 4.7 t/ha and 3.6 t/ha, respectively. If Indian agricultural productivity was at these rates, we could produce 205.52 million tonnes and 160.01 million tonnes of rice, respectively.

• The flip side of this coin is that, if India increases its yield rates, it could drastically reduce the amount of land needed to produce the current quantity. For example, if India’s yield rate in rice was at Chinese levels, we could halve the amount of land devoted to rice cultivation—freeing up that land for other purposes.

OBJECTIVE

• Evaluate and predict a few month in advance daily and total soil moisture deficit during cotton vegetation period in rainfed and irrigated condition;

• Compare various option for water supply and irrigation management;

• Asses yield reduction due to crop stress under rainfed conditions or deficit irrigation;

• Compare the model result and analyze the skill level of seasonal forecast;

STUDY AREA

Function of CROPWAT model

• It is a method to support decision making for irrigation planning and management;

• Calculates reference evapo-transpiration ,crop water requirement and irrigation requirement;

• Develop irrigation schedule based on daily soil moisture balance;

• Allows the development of recommendation for improved irrigation practice , the planning of irrigation schedules and the assessment of production under rainfed condition or deficit irrigation.

Input data used:• Monthly mean climatic data:• Measured during june to december(min. & max. temp., humidity, sunshine

duration, wind speed and monthly rainfall) • Crop data:• Real sowing date:10 june• Standard crop coefficient ( Kc), crop yield data( Ky) and depletion fraction(P)• Soil data:Information from the soil surveys carried out in the Rajolibanda area show

two• distinct soil categories:• • Red Sandy Loams, Red Loamy and Red Sandy, covering 23% of the command• area, relatively shallow and free-draining, particularly suitable for upland• crops;• • Black Clay Soils, covering 77%, deep but poorly drained, suitable mainly for• paddy and deep rooting crops like cotton.

POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION

TEMPERATURE WIND SPEED HUMIDITY SUNSHINE HOUR EVAPOTRANSPIRATION

TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY BEHAVIOUR IN KURNOOL

RAINFALL DATA AT KURNOOL STATION

CROP FACTOR FOR COTTON

CROP FACTOR FOR RICE

SOIL INFORMATION FOR COTTON

SOIL INFORMATION FOR RICE

CROP WATER REQUIREMENT FOR COTTON

CROP WATER REQUIREMENT OF RICE

IRRIGATION REQUIREMENT VS EVAPOTRANSPIRATION OF CROP FOR COTTON

IRRIGATION REQUIREMENT VS EVAPOTRANSPIRATION OF CROP FOR RICE

IRRIGATION SCHEDULING

• CROP PATTERN FOR RICE

IRRIGATION SUPPLY SCHEME FOR RICE

CONCLUSION

• Agriculture plays a vital role in India’s economy. • Over 58 per cent of the rural households depend on

agriculture as their principal means of livelihood. • Agriculture, along with fisheries and forestry, is one of the

largest contributors to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) .• So significant increase in crop yield with use of CROPWAT 8.0

will boost our economy . • Increase in production will make the farmers livelihood

better.• Increase in yield rate will also make land available for some

other useful purposes.

THANK YOU