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FASTNESSES BEHAVIOUROF TEXTILE MATERIAL
SUBMITTED TO
RAJIA SULTANALecturer
Department of Textile Engineering
Port City International University.
MD SOHEL KHAN
Department of Textile EngineeringPORT CITY INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
ContentsIntroductionColor fastness to lightColor fastness to heat PressingColorfastness to Chlorinated WaterColor fastness to WashConclusion
Introduction Fastness
Fastness Fastness is the resistance of textile
material to resist a load or destructive factors such a heat light, perspiration, wearing acidic and alkaline condition.
ContinuedDifferent types of fastness testing• Color fastness to wash.• Color fastness to light.• Color fastness to rubbing (dry + wet).• Color fastness to perspiration (acidic and alkaline).• Strength to color produced color.• Color fastness to chlorine.• Color fastness to acids.• Color fastness to alkalis.• Color fastness to sea water.• Color fastness to weathering.• Color fastness to bleaching agents
Color fastness to light The purpose of color
fastness to light test is to determine how much the color will fade when exposed to a known light source.
Working procedure of color fastness to lightThe sample is cut and should be exposed (½
covered and ½ exposed) together with standard dyed wool samples (1-8). The standard and the specimen mounted in a frame. The composite sample must be protected from rain.
The test sample is exposed to light for a certain time (24 hrs, 36 hrs, 48 hrs, 72hrs) or by customer demand and compare the change with original unexposed sample. The changes are assessed by blue scales (1-8).
Color fastness to heat Pressing
Color fastness to heat pressing
Apparatus and Materials: Heating device that can put a pressure on the specimen of 4
k.pa. A smooth asbestos sheet ( 3-6 mm thickness) Wool flannel ( approx.260 g/m2, 3 mm thickness ) A piece of undyed ,bleached and mercerized cotton cloth Grey scales Standard color matching cabinet Distilled water
Working procedure
Continued Damp Pressing: The adjacent fabric in dimensions of 10 cm×4 cm is
immersed into the water and, squeezed as 100% pick up. Dry specimen is placed onto the undyed cotton fabric on the filler and, the wet adjacent fabric is placed onto them. The top layer of the device is pulled down and, dry specimen is pressed for 15 seconds at the determined temperature.
Continued Wet Pressing: Soak the test specimen and a piece of cotton adjacent
fabric in distilled water and squeeze it to maintain 100% pick up.
Place the wet test specimen on top of the dry cotton cloth covering the wool flannel pad and repeat
Colorfastness to Chlorinated Water
Continued Sample Preparation: A textile material (Dyed Goods) sample
should be cut at 10 cm into 4 cm. Procedure: Put the specimen into the steel containers and added in the
sodium hydrochloride solution with liquor ratio 1:100 based on the appropriate concentration of active chlorine used.
Close the container and put it into the mechanical device (Gyrowash) and agitate at 27±20C for 1 hour in darkness.
Remove the specimen from the container and squeeze it. Dry the specimen by hanging it in air at room temperature in quiet
light.
Color fastness to wash Apparatus: Suitable mechanical device which rotating speed(40±2) Stainless steel ball ( 6mm dia & wt 1gm) Stainless steel container Adjacent fabric or multi-fiber fabric D.W: Di-acetate, Cotton, Nylon, Polyester, Acrylic, Wool
for 40-50º C and certain test 60ºC. T.V: Tri-acetate, Cotton, Nylon , Polyester, Acrylic,
Viscose for certain test at 60ºC and all test at 70ºC and 95ºC
Non - dyeable fabric (e.g poly propylene) ISO type gray scale for color changing
continued ISO type gray scale for color staining Color matching cabinet
Reagent: ECE reference detergent ( 4gm/l ) Sodium Perborate terahydrate ( 1gm/l ) Distilled water.(grade 3 water )
Color fastness to wash Collecting the sample from bulk and then conditioning for 04
hours Making a specimen of 04 cm*10 cm in size. Sewing the specimen with multi-fibre fabric of same size at
one corner. Making the solution of 4gm/litre ECE detergent & 1 gm/litre
sodium perborate, (If required SKFL use 0.15 gm/litre TAED). Putting the specimen with multi-fibre fabric into the solution in
Rotawash m/c Prog.: C2S Temp.: 60OC/ 40OC Time: 30 min Still ball: 25 pcs
Continued Rinsing with hot water respectively.
Squeezing with cold water of the sample is done (Hand Wash).
Then drying is done at a temperature in the air not exceeding 60OC
The stitching is then broken out except on one of the shorter end.
Measuring the staining and color change by grey scale & make a test report.
Conclusion In Textile industry fastness is very important
factor. Before Bulk production all required fastness test is very essential. so we should know about all fastness.
THANK YOU