TRANING REPORT

“KARLO AUTOMOBILES (P) LTD.”

DEV BHUMY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGYCHANDPUR (UNA)

DEPARTMENT OF AUTOMOBILE ENGG.

DELIVERED BY: DELIVERED TO: (HOD AUTOMOBILE) SUDHIR KUMAR BRANCH:- AUTOMOBILE

INTRODUCTION

• Karlo Automobile is a private repairing workshop. It is established in 2005.

• In this workshop we repair atleast 50 different automobile vehicle like , different models of car , tipper , mini truck etc.

• The main purpous of establishing this workshop to give better repairing to the customer.

• we work on mostly engine and transmission parts of vehicle

what is Automobile ?• Motorized vehicle consisting of four wheels and powered

by an internal engine. Automobiles are used to transport people and items from one location to another location. After years or various designs, inventors were able to develop a functional general design that is utilized by major automakers as the foundation of their designs. Automobiles generally use gasoline to fuel the internal engine, but technological advances have led to the design of cars that run on electricity and even water.

Parts of a car

Automobile Engine

»A machine for converting thermal energy into mechanical energy or power to produce force and motion.

A view of car engine

Closer view of maruti 800 engine

Main parts of car petrol engine

Main parts of car diesel angine

About clutch

• A clutch is a mechanical device that engages and disengages the power transmission, especially from driving shaft to driven shaft.

• Clutches are used whenever the transmission of power or motion must be controlled either in amount or over time (e.g., electric screwdrivers limit how much torque is transmitted through use of a clutch; clutches control whether automobiles transmit engine power to the wheels).

• In the simplest application, clutches connect and disconnect two rotating shafts (drive shafts or line shafts). In these devices, one shaft is typically attached to an engine or other power unit (the driving member) while the other shaft (the driven member) provides output power for work. While typically the motions involved are rotary, linear clutches are also possible.

Main component of clutch

Gear box

That part of a car's transmission containing the train of gears, and to which the gear lever is connected.

A view of car gear box

About propeller shaft• A drive shaft, driveshaft, driving shaft, propeller shaft (prop shaft), or

Cardan shaft is a mechanical component for transmitting torque and rotation, usually used to connect other components of a drive train that cannot be connected directly because of distance or the need to allow for relative movement between them.

• As torque carriers, drive shafts are subject to torsion and shear stress, equivalent to the difference between the input torque and the load. They must therefore be strong enough to bear the stress, whilst avoiding too much additional weight as that would in turn increase their inertia.

• To allow for variations in the alignment and distance between the driving and driven components, drive shafts frequently incorporate one or more universal joints, jaw couplings, or rag joints, and sometimes a splined joint or prismatic joint

Propeller Shaft

About diffrential

It is used to transfer the power to rear axle from gear box in rear wheel drive vehicles

• The differential is used to transfer the rotary motion of the propeller shaft into reciprocating motion of the rear wheels.

• It is used to negotiate curves

Main parts of diffrential

About wheels and Axle

• The wheel and axle is one of six simple machines identified by Renaissance scientists drawing from Greek texts on technology. The wheel and axle is generally considered to be a wheel attached to an axle so that these two parts rotate together in which a force is transferred from one to the other. In this configuration a hinge, or bearing, supports the rotation of the axle.

• This system is a version of the lever with loads applied tangentially to the perimiter of the wheel and axle, respectively, that are balanced around the hinge, which is the fulcrum. The mechanical advantage of the wheel and axle is the ratio of the distances from the fulcrum to the applied loads, or what is the same thing the ratio of the radial dimensions of the wheel and axle

Assembly of axle and Wheels

Chassis and Body

• It is the main machine portion having all the components required for the operation and running of the automobile. therefore, the portion of the automobile without body is called chassis.

• Body provides supports in a vehicle

Closer view of car body

Closer view of front portion of car

Main parts of chassis

About Suspension System In Automobile• Suspension is the system of tires, tire air, springs, shock absorbers

and linkages that connects a vehicle to its wheels and allows relative motion between the two.Suspension systems serve a dual purpose — contributing to the vehicle's roadholding/handling and braking for good active safety and driving pleasure, and keeping vehicle occupants comfortable and a ride quality reasonably well isolated from road noise, bumps, vibrations,etc.These goals are generally at odds, so the tuning of suspensions involves finding the right compromise. It is important for the suspension to keep the road wheel in contact with the road surface as much as possible, because all the road or ground forces acting on the vehicle do so through the contact patches of the tires. The suspension also protects the vehicle itself and any cargo or luggage from damage and wear. The design of front and rear suspension of a car may be different.

Full view of car suspension system

• coil spring

Closer view of Telescopic shock absorber

Function of Colling system

• cooling system to take care of that heat. In fact, the cooling system on a car driving down the freeway dissipates enough heat to heat two average-sized houses! The primary job of the cooling system is to keep the engine from overheating by transferring this heat to the air, but the cooling system also has several other important jobs.

• The engine in your car runs best at a fairly high temperature. When the engine is cold, components wear out faster, and the engine is less efficient and emits more pollution. So another important job of the cooling system is to allow the engine to heat up as quickly as possible, and then to keep the engine at a constant temperature.

Closer view of water cooling system

Steering system• The most conventional steering arrangement is to turn

the front wheels using a hand–operated steering wheel which is positioned in front of the driver, via the steering column, which may contain universal joints (which may also be part of the collapsible steering column design), to allow it to deviate somewhat from a straight line. Other arrangements are sometimes found on different types of vehicles, for example, a tiller or rear–wheel steering. Tracked vehicles such as bulldozers and tanks usually employ differential steering — that is, the tracks are made to move at different speeds or even in opposite directions, using clutches and brakes, to bring about a change of course or direction.

Detail parts of Steering System

Braking system• A brake is a mechanical device that inhibits motion, slowing or stopping a

moving object or preventing its motion.

• Most brakes commonly use friction between two surfaces pressed together to convert the kinetic energy of the moving object into heat, though other methods of energy conversion may be employed. For example, regenerative braking converts much of the energy to electrical energy, which may be stored for later use. Other methods convert kinetic energy into potential energy in such stored forms as pressurized air or pressurized oil. Eddy current brakes use magnetic fields to convert kinetic energy into electric current in the brake disc, fin, or rail, which is converted into heat. Still other braking methods even transform kinetic energy into different forms, for example by transferring the energy to a rotating flywheel.

• Brakes are generally applied to rotating axles or wheels, but may also take other forms such as the surface of a moving fluid (flaps deployed into water or air). Some vehicles use a combination of braking mechanisms, such as drag racing cars with both wheel brakes and a parachute, or airplanes with both wheel brakes and drag flaps raised into the air during landing.

view of car Brakes

Lighting System And Accessories• The lighting system of a motor vehicle consists

of lighting and signalling devices mounted or integrated to the front, rear, sides, and in some cases the top of a motor vehicle. This lights the roadway for the driver and increases the conspicuity of the vehicle, allowing other drivers and pedestrians to see a vehicle's presence, position, size, direction of travel, and the driver's intentions regarding direction and speed of travel. Emergency vehicles usually carry distinctive lighting equipment to warn drivers and indicate priority of movement in traffic.

Detail of Lighting structure

The End Of My Presentation

Any queries???

By Sudhir Kumar

•Thank you