Tyre materials

Tyre materialsFor carcass:-At the time of second world war, staple cotton was the

Tyre carcass material and it was replaced with rayon.

Then nylon was introduced which is stronger, more elastic and cooler running than rayon.

Then terylene was introduced.

For cords of stabilizer belts:-

Rayon ,Terylene ,glass fibre or steel.

Rubber :-Rubber used in tyres is blend of natural

and synthetic rubbers to which various chemicals are added to obtain desired properties like wear resistance ,reduced hysteresis, less internal friction.

Actual components that go into a tire.

• Raw Rubber• Steel• Nylon• Polyester• Rayon

• Carbon Black• Synthetic

Rubber• Fiberglass• Aramid• BrassAramid: A synthetic fabric used in some tires that

is (pound-for-pound) stronger than steel.

• Most people think tires are made mostly of rubber.

• This is far from the truth at all .

• A tire consist of many different things such as steel, nylon, polyester, rayon, carbon black, synthetic rubber(which is man made rubber), fiberglass which is light weight but add strength, aramid, brass.

• All these things help add strength, heat distribution, lower the actually weight of the tire, also help protect it from natural weathering (sun, wind, rain, snow).

Aspect Ratio

Tyre designation

Aspect Ratio•Percentage of tires height in relation to it’s width.

• A 60 series tire height will be 60% of the width.

•The aspect ratio can be a 40,50, 60,65,70,75,78 •These are some of the most common ones.

Aspect Ratio•So if we have a P205/60R15 tire.

•The width is 205 millimeters and the height is 60% of the width.

• That means 205 x .6 = 123 millimeters.

•That tire should be 123 millimeters tall.

•You can raise or lower your car by changing the height of the side wall.

Tyre Specifications

Tyre Specifications

P 205/55 V R 16

TYPEP - PASSENGERT - TEMPORARY

LT - LIGHT TRUCKC - COMMERCIAL

WIDTH(MILLIMETERS)

145-315

ASPECT RATIO(HEIGHT/WIDTH %)

55, 60, 65 70 ETC

TYPEB - BIAS-BELTED

D - DIAGONAL BIAS R - RADIAL

RIM DIAMETER(INCHES) 13, 14 ETC

P 205/55 V R 16P 205/55 V R 16P 205/55 V R 16P 205/55 V R 16P 205/55 V R 16P 205/55 V R 16P 205/55 V R 16

SPEED RATINGB (31 MPH) - V (150 MPH) -

Z (OVER 150 MPH)

Next >

Tire Size

LT = Light Truck

Tire Sidewall

Tire Sidewall

Ply Rating / load range

Letter Maximum Rated SpeedL 120 km/h (75 mph)M 130 km/h (81 mph)N 140 km/h (87 mph)P 150 km/h (93 mph)Q 160 km/h (99 mph)R 170 km/h (106 mph)S 180 km/h (112 mph)T 190 km/h (118 mph)U 200 km/h (124 mph)H 210 km/h (130 mph)V 240 km/h (149 mph)W 270 km/h (168 mph)Y 300 km/h (185 mph)Z Open-ended*

*The exact speed rating for a particular Z-rated tire is determined by the tire manufacturer and may vary according to size. For example, not all Brand X Z-rated tires are rated at 170 mph, even though one size may be capable of these speeds.

speed rating

Factors affecting tyre life

Inflation

Vehicle maintenance

Manner of driving

Miscellaneous factors

Tyre trouble shootingSide wear of tyresOne side wear of tyresCentre wear of tyre treadUneven tyre wearUniform rapid wearRapid wear with feathered edges on the

treadTread crackingTread or ply separationLoss of tyre pressureRadial tyre leadRadial tyre waddle

Tyre manufacturing

Pneumatic Tire

What Is Pneumatic Tire?

• Filled by air, especially compressed air: a pneumatic tire (dictionary definition).

• All tires manufactured today are considered Pneumatic tires.