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REACTANTS
The starting materials
These are the
substances that
changes when it is
combined with another
substance in a
chemical reaction
PRODUCTS
The new substance
The substances that
result of the chemical
reaction
COEFFICIENT SUBSCRIPT
is a number before
the symbol or formula
of a substance
is the number of
atoms of the element
found in the
substance
Symbols Meaning
+used to separate one reactant or
product from one another.
Can be read as “reacts with”
when used in reactant , read as
“and” when it is used in product.
used to separate the reactants
from the products
read as "yields" or "produces" in
an equation.
(s) indicates that the substance is in
the solid state.
Symbols Meaning
(l) indicates that the substance is in
the liquid state.
(g) indicates that the substance is in
the gas state.
(aq) indicates that the substance is
dissolved in water
comes from the term “aqueous”
indicates that there is heat
applied or needed to make the
reaction proceed.
Sodium + Water
Sodium Hydroxide + Hydrogen gas
EXAMPLE
:
𝑵𝒂(𝒔) +2 𝑯𝟐𝑶(𝒍) NaO𝑯(𝒔) + 𝑯𝟐(𝒈)
Reactants Symbol Products
Coefficient
Subscript
the sum of the masses of the products is
always the same as the sum of the masses of
the reactants.
states that mass is neither created nor
destroyed in any ordinary chemical reaction.
1. Check for diatomic molecules.
-are molecules composed of only
two atoms, of either the same or different
chemical elements.
This includes 𝐻2, 𝑂2, 𝑁2, 𝐶𝑙2,
𝐵𝑟2, 𝐹2 and 𝐼2.
2. Check whether the chemical formulas of all
the reactants and products are correct. Check
the total number of atoms of each element on
each side of the equation.
3. A polyatomic ion appearing unchanged on
both sides of the equation is counted as a single
unit.
4. Balance the elements one at a time by using
coefficients. Must not attempt to the balance the
equation by changing the subscripts in the
chemical formula of a substance.
1. 6 CO2(g) +6 H2𝑶(𝒍) → C6H12O6(s) + 6 O2(g)
2. CH4(g) + 3 O2(g) → CO2(g) +2 H2 𝑶(𝒍)
3. 4 Fe(s) + 3 O2(g) → 2 Fe2O3(s)
DIRECTIONS: On a one whole sheet of paper, Answer the following questions.
1. What are the types of chemical reactions?
2. Give at least 3 examples on each type.
Davis, Raymond E. et.al.(2010). Modern Chemistry. (USA: Holl, Rinehart, Winston).
de Borja, Rebecca S.(2011).Chemistry. (Philippines: Books Atbp. Publishing Corp.)
Hill, John W. (2010). Chemistry for Changing Times. (Singapore: Prentice Hall Companies).