Upload
fredkizito
View
59
Download
1
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Rainfed Portfolio in the Volta Basin
Land use changes in the Volta Basin
Partners:• CIAT, IWMI , CPWF
Question (on-going work):• How are the these
changes affecting livelihoods and the environment?
Way forward: • Use same approaches
in other WLE regions
Lan
d co
ver chan
ges
Cro
plan
d g
ains an
d lo
sses
Significant expansion of croplands
Losses: Diversification of farming?
Extensive Grassland
Significant forest cover
Loss of forest and cropland
Partners:• CIAT, IWMI , ICRAF, CPWF, WRI (CSIR,
Ghana)
Key outputs: • Erosion prevalence quantified • Sediment deposits in reservoirs
quantified and associated costs assessed
• Vulnerable spots identified for targeted interventions with implementing partners
Potential Impact:• Long-term restoration of soils that
improves system productivity
Way forward: • Use similar approaches in other
WLE regions
Ero
sion
prevalen
ceS
edim
ent lo
sses
Soil erosion (%)
100
0
Soil erosion and Sediment deposits
Computed using InVESTto identify vulnerable areas in basin with high sediment losses
Derived with field data from AfSIS:Vågen, et al 2013
Water and Sediment fluxes in White Volta Basin
Partners:• CIAT, IWMI , CPWF, Water Resources
Commission (WRC), Water Research Institute (WRI, CSIR) and Ministry of Food and Agriculture (MoFA)
Key outputs: • Estimate of sediment yields permits
relevant mitigation measures and recommendation e.g. grass strips buffers along waterways
Way forward: • On-going stakeholder engagement
towards Integrated Water Resources Mgt.
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Annu
al T
otal
Sed
imen
t Yie
ld (T
/H)
Validation Years
Simulated
Measured
Study area is Zebilla in Upper East Region of Ghana; water yields and sediment estimates reveal impacts of these variables on crop productivity in the landscape
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001
Annu
al V
olum
e of
wat
er (M
m3)
Zebila water yield Total water yield
The InVEST FrameworkIntegrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs
Stakeholder process
Real land use representation
Mutual optimal land use
En
tire
Bas
in
Res
. su
b-b
asin
s
AR
S
Res
. Su
b
Location
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Sed
imen
tati
on
co
st (
mill
ion
s $
)
7.4
6.8
2.7
4.1
Outcome:• Inclusive and
informed dialogue process on landscape resources management
Way forward: • Mimic similar
approach in other WLE regions
Partners:• IWMI, CIAT,
Bioversity, CPWF
The InVEST framework uses relevant critical pieces for more holistic natural resources management
En
tire
Ba
sin
Res
. su
b-b
asi
ns
AR
S
Res
. Su
b
Location
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Se
dim
enta
tio
n (
ton
s)
592
546
218
328
Social processes in landscapes
Wet season Dry season
Outcome:• Participatory engagement at various
levels of society• Gendered landscapes: Entry point for
equity in landscapes• Tease out seasonal components Way forward: • Use same approaches in other WLE
regions
Various stakeholders (at various levels in society) represent the landscape through dialogue on how resources are used over a given time and space
Partners:CIAT, IWMI,
CPWF, CIRAD, WRC
Ecosystem Services Assessment
Ecosystem Impacts0
20
40
60
80
100
% R
esp
on
den
ts
Ecosystem Impacts0
20
40
60
80
100%
Res
po
nd
ents
Ecosystem Impacts0
20
40
60
80
100
% R
esp
on
den
ts
Ecosystem Impacts0
20
40
60
80
100
% R
esp
on
den
tsLawra Tolon
Bawku W est Cohorts average
Bush burningPesticides application for fishingErosion/sedimentationRiver bank cultivation
Partners:• CIAT, IWMI , Bioversity, CPWF
Key outputs: • ESS characterized• Trends assessed
Way forward: • Assess impact of habitat
conversion on ESS trends• Quantify ESS trends• Use same approaches in other
WLE regions
Assessments reveal key priority issues over time and space that deserve interventions and mitigation measures to sustain viable ecosystem services and prevent human health risks
Ecosystem Services and Trends in two Volta Basin transects
Partners:• IWMI, CIAT, Bioversity, CPWF
Key outputs: • ESS characterized• Trends assessedWay forward: • Assess impact of habitat
conversion on ESS trends• Quantify ESS trends• Use same approaches in other
WLE regions
Rainfall less than 900 mmyr-1
Greater than 900 mmyr-1
Radar chart revealsincreasing importance of flood control and erosion with reduced water quality soil fertility trends
Radar chart revealsincreasing importance of sedimentation,flood control and erosion with reduced biodiversity trends
On-farm testing of mitigation recommendations
Partners:• CIAT, IWMI, CPWF, IITA, USAID, WRI , ARI, KNUSTKey outputs: • Farmer participatory monitoring of rainfall events• Rain water harvesting, farmers’ use of soil and
water conservation technologies• Real time monitoring of soil moisture for seasonal
changesImpact• Increased crop yields in on-farm trials• Farmer training in soil and water management Way forward: • Identify intensification pathways that impart
system resilience for increasing land and water productivity
• Investigate the impact of labor intensive practices on system productivity
Soil moisture storage, crop water productivity and gross value of production were consistentlyhigher in treatments with fertilizer micro-dose+20 kg manure and tied ridging, what about labor?
Legend: Inputs effect on soil moisture
Achieving impact-oriented research
Reliable rainfall
Viable Ecosystems
Enabling conditions
Adequate water resources,
viable ecosystems & healthy soils
- Rainfall variability impacts farming- Need for risk reduction through:
o Sustainable land and water mgto Increased landscape biodiversity
- Consider a holistic landscape framework- Equitable participatory engagement- Conduct tradeoff analysis
- Strategic and targeted partnerships- Appropriate policies and- Proper Institutional arrangements
From good soils, ecosystems and water resources to entry points for food security, improved livelihoods and viable landscapes