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The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics in Human Rights Project
A Project of the Center for Victims of Torture
Presented by Kristin Antin,
Online Community Builder
THE MISSION: CVT works to heal the wounds of torture on
individuals, their families and their communities and to stop torture worldwide.
New Tactics in Human Rights – www.newtactics.org
Founded in 1985
The first center in the U.S.A.
The third rehabilitation center in the world
Provides assistance to other centers in the U.S. and around the world
New Tactics in Human Rights – www.newtactics.org
New Tactics promotes strategic thinking and tactical innovation within the international human rights community.
We also promote the use and sharing of as wide a range of tactics as possible.
So how do we do this…
New Tactics in Human Rights – www.newtactics.org
Since 1999 – New Tactics has:
created unique resources organized around analysis of possible solutions
strengthened the ability of activists to clearly recognize the unique elements of their situation
gathered promising approaches that have worked elsewhere for potential transferability to new regions or issues
empowered human rights advocates to improve their ability to recognize opportunities to combine a variety of tactics into complex strategies
brought together human rights practitioners to inspire each other in their work
New Tactics in Human Rights – www.newtactics.org
strategy & tactics?
Strategy without tactics is the slowest route to victory. Tactics without strategy is the noise before defeat.
Sun Tzu
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
More than 2,000 years ago, Sun Tzu taught:
In other words, planning without action is futile, action without planning is fatal.
Strategy defines what is important to do….
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
Strategy defines what is important to do….
tactics embody how to do it.
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
Strategy is a gathering of many decisions working toward a plan,
including:
Selecting key objectives and appropriate targets
Constituencies and resources
Defining goals to reach the strategy
Deciding which tactics to use and when.
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
TACTICS:
A “tactic” is a specific or concrete action taken to affect a given situation.
A tactic is part of a larger strategy.
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
Importance of tactics
Tactics help determine strategy.
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
When your only tool is a hammer,
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
every problem looks like
a nail.
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
Importance of tactics Tactics help determine strategy.
Tactics bear effectively on different targets.
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
Importance of tactics Tactics help determine strategy.
Tactics bear effectively on different targets.
Tactics appeal to different constituencies.
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
Importance of tactics Tactics help determine strategy.
Tactics bear effectively on different targets.
Tactics appeal to different constituencies.
Tactical flexibility creates surprise.
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
Importance of tactics Tactics help determine strategy.
Tactics bear effectively on different targets.
Tactics appeal to different constituencies.
Tactical flexibility creates surprise.
Tactics teach how to engage in the world.
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
Importance of tactics Tactics help determine strategy.
Tactics bear effectively on different targets.
Tactics appeal to different constituencies.
Tactical flexibility creates surprise.
Tactics teach how to engage in the world.
Tactics are the training systems for new leadership.
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
“New” Tactics
In reality, “new” tactics are the endless variations that we can make out of the ideas, resources, skills and capacity that we apply to a situation.
New Tactics in Human Rights – www.newtactics.org
There are not more than five primary colors (blue, yellow, red, white, and black), yet in combination they produce more hues than can ever be seen.
In battle, there are not more than two methods of attack--the direct and the indirect; yet these two in combination give rise to an endless series of maneuvers.
The direct and the indirect lead on to each other in turn. It is like moving in a circle - you never come to an end. Who can exhaust the possibilities of their combination?
From Sun Tzu—The Art of War
New Tactics in Human Rights – www.newtactics.org
Sun Tzu
Three important rules for strategic and tactical thinking
KnowYourself
Know theTerrain
Know YourAdversary
From Sun Tzu—the Art of War
New Tactics in Human Rights – www.newtactics.org
What are your goals, strengths and limitations? Who are your allies?
KnowYourself
New Tactics in Human Rights – www.newtactics.org
Know YourAdversary Who is your
adversary?
What are their goals, strategy, strengths, and weaknesses?
New Tactics in Human Rights – www.newtactics.org
Know theTerrain
Where will the battle be fought?
Human relationships and institutions Social / Cultural Psychological / Emotional Spiritual Political Physical (Space / Territory)
New Tactics in Human Rights – www.newtactics.org
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics in Human Rights Project
A tool to understand the “terrain”
Using the
An overview of the tactical map
What is tactical mapping?
Why use this tool?
How do I make a tactical map?
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
What is tactical mapping?
A method to:
visualize relationships and institutions (the terrain) sustaining human rights abuses and problems
track the nature and effectiveness of tactics
monitor the implementation of strategy
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
Why use the tactical map tool?
The tactical map process can expose major holes of activity where “new tactics” could be developed to stimulate broader pressures on relationships and systems.
Many times, our efforts:
Are uncoordinated
Use relatively few tactics
Affect narrow parts of systems
New Tactics in Human Rights – www.newtactics.org
Tactical mapping helps you to find and explore:
Key relationships which need to be affected.
Tactics currently being used.
Key relationships, groups or institutions that are unaffected by current tactics.
What allies could be engaged for a more comprehensive and effective strategy.
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
How do I make a tactical map
?
Resources needed to create a tactical map?
You don't need any fancy resources to make a tactical map.
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
Tactical map ingredients? A center relationship Other relationships and institutions Connecting lines Tactic targets
Building manager
Tenant: Man
Building Mgr - children
Building Mgr - Wife
LoanOfficer
BranchManager
Landlord
Landlord’sWife
Boss atWork
Other Tenants In the Building
Wife
Man’s Relatives
BankPresident
Wife’sRelatives
Children
Landlord’schildren
Company
Bank Teller
Religious Leader
Religious Community
OtherWorkers
ElementarySchool
Teacher
MNDepartment Of Health
MNDepartment Of Health
MNHUD
(Housing)
ACORN(NGO)
How do I make a tactical map?Center relationship: Determine the relationship you seek to change or disrupt.
Questions to ask yourself to help find this center relationship from an 'issue':
Are you trying to prevent or stop an abuse? What is the barrier of the person in the center of your issue?
Who is in their way?
What is the “smallest level” of relationship you are
seeking to change?
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
Center relationship
How do I make a tactical map?Relationships and institutions: Brainstorm together – think of all the people that are closely connected
to the two people in the center relationship. These are people that have 'face-to-face time' with the two in the
center. (Family, friends, boss, coworkers, classmates, etc)
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
ProfessionalAssociations
Education &TrainingSystems
JudicialSystem
GovernmentInstitutions,
bodies available, etc.
Victim-related Family, organizations,Community of faith,
work, etc.
How do I make a tactical map?Other relationships and institutions: Identify people that may or may not be as closely connected to
the center relationship. For example - this level might include national level of actors.
Non-Governmentbusiness, media,
civil society, religiousbodies
Center relationship
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
United Nations Committees &
Monitoring Bodies
InternationalProfessionalAssociations
InternationalNGOs,
Trade Unions, Religious
organizations, etc.
How do I make a tactical map?More relationships and institutions: Identify international relationships that impact the core that may or
may not have direct contact.
International Economic Bodies
IMF, WB, WTO, Regional Bodies (e.g., EU, ASEAN)Private business Foundations, etc
Center Relationship
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
How do I make a tactical map?Where do YOU fit in the terrain? Put yourself – your organization – on the map. Where do you fit? Who are you and your colleagues connected to?
Center Relationship
YOU!
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
How do I make a tactical map?
RED line Power relationship
BLUE line Mutual benefits
GREEN line Exploitive relationship
GREY line Potential relationship
Yellow line Conflict relationship
Light BLUE line --- Tactic target
Center Relationship
YOU!
Connecting lines: Determine the NATURE of relationships between the different “nodes” by
color-coding lines and arrows.
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
How do I make a tactical map?
Center Relationship
YOU!Tactic 1
Tactic 2
Tactic Targets: Identify your targets and brainstorm appropriate tactics to each target. (Looking for tactic ideas? Check out our online Tactics Database on
www.newtactics.org)
The Center for Victims of Torture—New Tactics Project
Building manager
Tenant: Man
Building Mgr - children
Building Mgr - Wife
Landlord
Landlord’s Wife
Boss atWork
Other Tenants In the Building
Wife
Man’s Relatives
Wife’sRelatives
Children
Landlord’s children
CompanyReligious
Leader
Co-Workers
Example: Unsafe Housing issue