A CASE STUDY ON SEWAGE TREATMENT AND REUSE - A

STEP TOWARDS WATER CONSERVATION

H.Dinesh Agnihothri (13AG1A0149)

CONTENTS

OBJECTIVES INTRODUCTION SEWAGE CHARACTERISTICS TREATMENT

PRIMARY TREATMENT SECONDARY TREATMENT

CASE STUDY CONCLUSION

OBJECTIVES

TO CONSERVE WATER

TO REUSE THE TREATED WATER IN AN EFFECTIVE WAY

USAGE OF MODERN TECHNIQUES IN ECONOMICAL WAY

INTRODUCTION

CASE STUDY DONE IN NAGPUR

PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE IN AMBERPET HYDERABAD

DIFFERNCE BETWEEEN THE CASE STUDY AND PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION

SEWAGE CHARACTERISTICS PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Odour Temperature Colour Solid materials

CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS DO BOD pH

BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

PROPERTIES RANGE

pH

DOTotal suspended

solids

Volatile suspended

solids

COD – total

BOD – total

7.05 to 7.30

0.4

380 to 480

5 to 10

620 to 700

280 to 310

Analysis report at Effluent Channel

Analysis report at Influent channel

PROPERTIES RANGE

pH 8.6 to 8.10

DO 4.2 to 5.50

Total suspendedsolids

11 to 25

Volatile suspended

Solids

5.2 to 8.4

COD- total 50 to 100

BOD- total 9 to 14.5

TREATMENT PRIMARY TREATMENT

INLET CHAMBER (INFLUENT CHANNEL)

SCREENING

COARSE SCREEN FINE SCREEN

DETROITER TANK

INLET CHAMBER(INFLUENT CHANNEL)AVERAGE INFLOW : 3.92 CUM/SEC

PEAK FLOW : 7.84CUM/SEC

SCREENING COARSE SCREEN : 12mm BARS SPACING

o FINE SCREEN: 10MM BARS SPACING

DETROITER TANKREMOVAL OF SAND PARTICLESRETENTION TIME : 2 to 4Hrs

SECONDARY TREATMENT

UASB REACTORS

FACULTATIVE AERATED LAGOON

POLISHING POND

CHLORINATION TANK

OUTLET CHAMBER (EEFLUENT CHANNEL)

UASB REACTORSREMOVAL OF BOD : 50 % to 70%

RETENTION TIME : 8 to 10Hrs

FACULTATIVE AERATED LAGOON

1st Compartment LIQUID DEPTH : 3.8m2nd Compartment LIQUID DEPTH : 1.5m

POLISHING POND

REMOVAL OF REMAINING SUSPENDED PARTICLES. DETENTION TIME : 12Hrs

CHLORINATION TANKCHLORINE ADDED : 1ppm to 2 ppmMAXIMUM CHLORINE ADDED : 6ppm

OUTLET CHAMBER(EFFLUENT CHANNEL) WIDTH OF CHANNEL : 1000mm

CASE STUDY By SHRIRANG VRUSHALI and CHATTERJEE KAUSTAV

80% of sewage in India is untreated and flows directly into the nation’s rivers, polluting the main sources of drinking water.

Indian cities produce nearly 40,000 million litres of sewage everyday and barely 20% of it is treated.

MATERIALS AND METHODS METHODOLOGY

Activated sludge process

Chlorination

Filtration

DUAL MEDIA FILTRATIONPhysical operation by interposing a

medium through which only the fluid can pass.

The fluid passes through is called a filtrate.

Two types of sand filters are in use:Slow filtersRapid filters

Modern water treatment plants now use rapid dual-media filters.

A dual media filtration consists of a layer of anthracite coal above a layer of fine sand.

In mixed media filters, a third layer consisting of fine grained dense mineral i.e. granite, at the bottom of the bed is present.

Dual media filtartion

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM BASED ON THIS RESEARCH STUDY - PROPOSED TREATMENT SCHEME FOR TREATMENT AND

REUSE OF SEWAGE

RESULTS

Sn. Parameter Value

1. pH 7.2

2. COD 320mg/L

3. BOD 190mg/L

4. TSS 200mg/L

5. Total Coliform 10 MPN/100ml

Inlet characteristics of raw sewage

Treatment Initial Characteristics  BOD

(mg/L)

COD(mg/L)

TSS(mg/L)

Total Coliform MPN/100ml

Raw Sewage 190 320 200 107

Activated Sludge Process

18 65 80 107

Chlorination 8 35 80 104

Dual Media Filtration

6 24 10 104

Treatment Reduction percentage from initial values

  %BOD

% COD

% TSS

% Coliform

Raw Sewage        

After Activated Sludge Process

90.5%

79.6%

60% ---

Chlorination 95.8%

89.0%

60% 99%

Dual Media Filtration

96.8%

92.5%

95% 99%

CONCLUSION

The effective use of dual media filtration helps in further treatment of sewage water.

The treated water can be reused rather than flowing it to the rivers or streams.

Natural resources can be preserved. Environmental balance exists.

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