Water conservation in professional office buildings

Office Water Conservation

Water Conservation Guidelines

for Office Buildings

Brent M White

BOMA Engineers Breakfast

May 18 2010

Tampa City CenterTampa FL

5192010 2

Water Conservation in

Office Buildings

Why is water conservation important to

the office building industry Reduces utility bills

Reduces water treatment costs

Increase competitiveness

Extend the life of water using equipment

Enhances public image

Improves property value

5192010 3

Office Building Mean Water Use

5192010 4


5192010 5

Water Use Allocation

5192010 6

Seasonal Influences

5192010 7

Potential Water Use Savings

5192010 8

Determine the water use rate for

all equipment and processes

Consistency is important

Major areas to include are Sanitation

Kitchen

Office

Miscellaneous

Irrigation

Conducting On-Site Evaluation

Heating Cooling

Leak detection

Water used in products

Alternative water use

Staff input

5192010 9

Information to be gathered about a

facility to be audited includes

Gathering Facility Demographics

Service address

Utility contact

Title

Age of facility

Building size

Operating hoursdays

Shifts per day

Cooling Tower size

Number of employees

Percent malefemale

Full Part time

Meter size and count

Water source(s)

Billing class rates

4-years of water history

Cooling Tower conductivity

5192010 10

Water Budget

A Water Budget Includes Facility Statistics

Equipment water use ratings

(Existing and Proposed)

Frequency of use

Days per year of use

Estimated Adjusted use Per year

Estimated savings Per year

5192010 11

Water Budget

5192010 12

Domestic (Bathrooms) Report and repair all leaks

Replace flush valve diaphragms

Replace flappers annually

Replace showerheads

Replace faucet aerators

Install waterless urinals

Replace high-flow toilets

Indoor Water Saving Tips

5192010 13

Heating and Cooling

HeatingCooling Lower tower blowdown

Use softener on makeup water

Use efficient ice machines

Install conductivity meter

Submeter makeup amp blowdown

Use air cooled AC units

5192010 14

Cooling Tower Schematic

LegendB Bleed Off

D Drift

E Evaporation

M Make-up

CR Concentration

ratio

Water BalanceM = E+B+D

Concentration RatioCR = MQuality BQuality

5192010 15

Concentration Ratios

For metered towers (gallons) CR = MB or CR = (B+E)B

Example 250 ton tower ndash 24 hours

M = 14400 gallons

B = 5760 gallons

CR = 14400 gal 5760 gal

CR = 25

Some utilities may provide a credit to

the wastewater charges for evaporative

losses with tower submetering

5192010 16

For unmetered towers (gallons) Calculation based on the conductivity

concentration ratio (TDSS)

CR = [B] [M]

Example Bleed-off conductivity = 1400 S

Make-up conductivity = 550 S

CR = 1400 550

CR = 25


5192010 17

Calculations

Evaporation Evaporating rate = 24 gpm100 tons of cooling

E = (24 gpm100 tons) x (250 tons) x 24 hours x (60 minhr)

E = 8640 gallons

Bleed-Off B = E (CR-1)

B = 8640 gallons (25 ndash 1)

B = 5760 gallons

Make-Up M = E + B

M = 8640 + 5760

M = 14400 gallons

5192010 18

Savings from Increasing Ratios


Before Adjusting

Cycles 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20

15 33 50 56 58 60 61 62 63 63 64 64 65

2 25 33 38 40 42 43 44 44 45 46 47

3 11 17 20 22 24 25 25 27 29 30

4 6 10 13 14 16 17 18 20 21

5 4 7 9 10 11 13 14 16

6 3 5 6 7 9 11 12

7 2 4 5 6 8 10

8 2 3 5 6 8

9 3 5 6

10 2 4 5

12 2 4

15 2

Concentration Ratios After Adjusting Cycles

Most towers run at 15 to 25 cycles of concentration

Cycle of Concentration ndash How many times the water is

used inside the tower before being bled-off

5192010 19

Water Use ndashvs Concentration Ratio

Water Consumption -vs- Concentration Ratio

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Concentration Ratio

Ap

pro

x T

ota

l Wa

ter

Co

ns

um

pti

on

pe

r 1

00

To

ns

of

Co

olin

g (

GP

D)

Water Use Per 100 tons of Cooling (GPD)Log (Water Use Per 100 tons of Cooling (GPD))

5192010 20

Calculating Savings

Increasing the concentration ratio saves water CR1 = Ratio before increasing cycles

CR2 = Ratio after increasing cycles

Percent conserved =

Example CR1 = 2 CR2 = 6

Percent Conserved = 6 - 2

2(6-1)X 100 = 410 = 40

CR1 (CR2-1)X 100

CR2 ndash CR1

5192010 21

Irrigation Use Florida Friendly rules

Use nozzles on hoses

Use a rain shutoff device

Install drip irrigation

Follow water restrictions

Use reclaimed water

Audit your systemschedule

Outdoor Water Saving Tips

5192010 22

General Cleaning Use mop water efficiently

Clean windows as needed

Calibrate all chemical mixes

Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning

Use low-volume pressure

washing

Cleaning Water Saving Tips

5192010 23

Kitchen Water Saving Tips

Food-Service Report and repair all leaks

Use air-cooled ice machines

Install foot pedals on prep sinks

Use a drip lexan as an ice dump

Turn on dip wells only as needed

Defrost frozen food in walk-in

Reuse last rinse as first rinse

Install a low-flow pre-rinse spray nozzle

5192010 24

Other Water Savings Tips

Outdoor recommendations Fountain wind speed control system

Automatically slow down or shut off a

fountain if surrounding wind speeds

are high enough to blow the spray

out of the fountain basin

Reduces spray drift that reaches

impervious surfaces

Fountains currently restricted to

8-hours of operation per day

5192010 25


Typically water pressure from a

utility will average 45 psi Depends on elevation and distance from

the water main

Running a booster pump to increase

pressure can affect the fixture flowrates

Fixture flow rate is measured at 35 psi

5192010 26

Recent Legislation ndash SB 494

Ch 37362 FS Efficient Irrigation

Technology Licensed contractors must inspect repair

Local ordinance by October 2010

Variance for ldquosmart irrigationrdquo technology

Removes grandfather date of May 1 1991 for

irrigation automatic shutoff devices

Ch 4821562 FS Fertilizer Application

Certification Certification by Jan 2014 for professionals

5192010 27


Ch 373185 FS Florida-friendly language

Ch 373187 FS WMDs must be FFL WMDrsquos should encourage local governments

to enact FFL ordinance language for

development permitted after June 30 2009

Ch 125568(3) Deed restrictions local codes

may not prohibit or limit FFL

Workshops were held for public

5192010 28

Phase IV Water Restrictions

Initial Phase IV restrictions Common areas must be kept at 78 F

Based upon US DOE standard

Updated Phase IV restrictions Based on Austin TX ordinance Must have blowdown and makeup meters

Must have conductivity controllers

Must run at a minimum of 5 COCrsquos

Thank You

For more info

BrentWhiteswfwmdstateflus

1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 2

Water Conservation in

Office Buildings

Why is water conservation important to

the office building industry Reduces utility bills

Reduces water treatment costs

Increase competitiveness

Extend the life of water using equipment

Enhances public image

Improves property value

5192010 3


5192010 4


5192010 5


5192010 6

Seasonal Influences

5192010 7


5192010 8





Kitchen

Office

Miscellaneous

Irrigation


Heating Cooling

Leak detection



Staff input

5192010 9




Service address

Utility contact

Title

Age of facility

Building size

Operating hoursdays

Shifts per day

Cooling Tower size

Number of employees

Percent malefemale

Full Part time


Water source(s)

Billing class rates



5192010 10

Water Budget




Frequency of use




5192010 11

Water Budget

5192010 12




Replace showerheads





5192010 13

Heating and Cooling







5192010 14


LegendB Bleed Off

D Drift

E Evaporation

M Make-up

CR Concentration

ratio



5192010 15




M = 14400 gallons

B = 5760 gallons

CR = 14400 gal 5760 gal

CR = 25




5192010 16



CR = [B] [M]



CR = 1400 550

CR = 25


5192010 17

Calculations



E = 8640 gallons



B = 5760 gallons

Make-Up M = E + B

M = 8640 + 5760

M = 14400 gallons

5192010 18



Before Adjusting

Cycles 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20

15 33 50 56 58 60 61 62 63 63 64 64 65

2 25 33 38 40 42 43 44 44 45 46 47

3 11 17 20 22 24 25 25 27 29 30

4 6 10 13 14 16 17 18 20 21

5 4 7 9 10 11 13 14 16

6 3 5 6 7 9 11 12

7 2 4 5 6 8 10

8 2 3 5 6 8

9 3 5 6

10 2 4 5

12 2 4

15 2





5192010 19



3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Concentration Ratio

Ap

pro

x T

ota

l Wa

ter

Co

ns

um

pti

on

pe

r 1

00

To

ns

of

Co

olin

g (

GP

D)


5192010 20

Calculating Savings



Percent conserved =



2(6-1)X 100 = 410 = 40

CR1 (CR2-1)X 100

CR2 ndash CR1

5192010 21






Use reclaimed water



5192010 22




Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning


washing


5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 3


5192010 4


5192010 5


5192010 6

Seasonal Influences

5192010 7


5192010 8





Kitchen

Office

Miscellaneous

Irrigation


Heating Cooling

Leak detection



Staff input

5192010 9




Service address

Utility contact

Title

Age of facility

Building size

Operating hoursdays

Shifts per day

Cooling Tower size

Number of employees

Percent malefemale

Full Part time


Water source(s)

Billing class rates



5192010 10

Water Budget




Frequency of use




5192010 11

Water Budget

5192010 12




Replace showerheads





5192010 13

Heating and Cooling







5192010 14


LegendB Bleed Off

D Drift

E Evaporation

M Make-up

CR Concentration

ratio



5192010 15




M = 14400 gallons

B = 5760 gallons

CR = 14400 gal 5760 gal

CR = 25




5192010 16



CR = [B] [M]



CR = 1400 550

CR = 25


5192010 17

Calculations



E = 8640 gallons



B = 5760 gallons

Make-Up M = E + B

M = 8640 + 5760

M = 14400 gallons

5192010 18



Before Adjusting

Cycles 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20

15 33 50 56 58 60 61 62 63 63 64 64 65

2 25 33 38 40 42 43 44 44 45 46 47

3 11 17 20 22 24 25 25 27 29 30

4 6 10 13 14 16 17 18 20 21

5 4 7 9 10 11 13 14 16

6 3 5 6 7 9 11 12

7 2 4 5 6 8 10

8 2 3 5 6 8

9 3 5 6

10 2 4 5

12 2 4

15 2





5192010 19



3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Concentration Ratio

Ap

pro

x T

ota

l Wa

ter

Co

ns

um

pti

on

pe

r 1

00

To

ns

of

Co

olin

g (

GP

D)


5192010 20

Calculating Savings



Percent conserved =



2(6-1)X 100 = 410 = 40

CR1 (CR2-1)X 100

CR2 ndash CR1

5192010 21






Use reclaimed water



5192010 22




Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning


washing


5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 4


5192010 5


5192010 6

Seasonal Influences

5192010 7


5192010 8





Kitchen

Office

Miscellaneous

Irrigation


Heating Cooling

Leak detection



Staff input

5192010 9




Service address

Utility contact

Title

Age of facility

Building size

Operating hoursdays

Shifts per day

Cooling Tower size

Number of employees

Percent malefemale

Full Part time


Water source(s)

Billing class rates



5192010 10

Water Budget




Frequency of use




5192010 11

Water Budget

5192010 12




Replace showerheads





5192010 13

Heating and Cooling







5192010 14


LegendB Bleed Off

D Drift

E Evaporation

M Make-up

CR Concentration

ratio



5192010 15




M = 14400 gallons

B = 5760 gallons

CR = 14400 gal 5760 gal

CR = 25




5192010 16



CR = [B] [M]



CR = 1400 550

CR = 25


5192010 17

Calculations



E = 8640 gallons



B = 5760 gallons

Make-Up M = E + B

M = 8640 + 5760

M = 14400 gallons

5192010 18



Before Adjusting

Cycles 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20

15 33 50 56 58 60 61 62 63 63 64 64 65

2 25 33 38 40 42 43 44 44 45 46 47

3 11 17 20 22 24 25 25 27 29 30

4 6 10 13 14 16 17 18 20 21

5 4 7 9 10 11 13 14 16

6 3 5 6 7 9 11 12

7 2 4 5 6 8 10

8 2 3 5 6 8

9 3 5 6

10 2 4 5

12 2 4

15 2





5192010 19



3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Concentration Ratio

Ap

pro

x T

ota

l Wa

ter

Co

ns

um

pti

on

pe

r 1

00

To

ns

of

Co

olin

g (

GP

D)


5192010 20

Calculating Savings



Percent conserved =



2(6-1)X 100 = 410 = 40

CR1 (CR2-1)X 100

CR2 ndash CR1

5192010 21






Use reclaimed water



5192010 22




Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning


washing


5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 5


5192010 6

Seasonal Influences

5192010 7


5192010 8





Kitchen

Office

Miscellaneous

Irrigation


Heating Cooling

Leak detection



Staff input

5192010 9




Service address

Utility contact

Title

Age of facility

Building size

Operating hoursdays

Shifts per day

Cooling Tower size

Number of employees

Percent malefemale

Full Part time


Water source(s)

Billing class rates



5192010 10

Water Budget




Frequency of use




5192010 11

Water Budget

5192010 12




Replace showerheads





5192010 13

Heating and Cooling







5192010 14


LegendB Bleed Off

D Drift

E Evaporation

M Make-up

CR Concentration

ratio



5192010 15




M = 14400 gallons

B = 5760 gallons

CR = 14400 gal 5760 gal

CR = 25




5192010 16



CR = [B] [M]



CR = 1400 550

CR = 25


5192010 17

Calculations



E = 8640 gallons



B = 5760 gallons

Make-Up M = E + B

M = 8640 + 5760

M = 14400 gallons

5192010 18



Before Adjusting

Cycles 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20

15 33 50 56 58 60 61 62 63 63 64 64 65

2 25 33 38 40 42 43 44 44 45 46 47

3 11 17 20 22 24 25 25 27 29 30

4 6 10 13 14 16 17 18 20 21

5 4 7 9 10 11 13 14 16

6 3 5 6 7 9 11 12

7 2 4 5 6 8 10

8 2 3 5 6 8

9 3 5 6

10 2 4 5

12 2 4

15 2





5192010 19



3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Concentration Ratio

Ap

pro

x T

ota

l Wa

ter

Co

ns

um

pti

on

pe

r 1

00

To

ns

of

Co

olin

g (

GP

D)


5192010 20

Calculating Savings



Percent conserved =



2(6-1)X 100 = 410 = 40

CR1 (CR2-1)X 100

CR2 ndash CR1

5192010 21






Use reclaimed water



5192010 22




Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning


washing


5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 6

Seasonal Influences

5192010 7


5192010 8





Kitchen

Office

Miscellaneous

Irrigation


Heating Cooling

Leak detection



Staff input

5192010 9




Service address

Utility contact

Title

Age of facility

Building size

Operating hoursdays

Shifts per day

Cooling Tower size

Number of employees

Percent malefemale

Full Part time


Water source(s)

Billing class rates



5192010 10

Water Budget




Frequency of use




5192010 11

Water Budget

5192010 12




Replace showerheads





5192010 13

Heating and Cooling







5192010 14


LegendB Bleed Off

D Drift

E Evaporation

M Make-up

CR Concentration

ratio



5192010 15




M = 14400 gallons

B = 5760 gallons

CR = 14400 gal 5760 gal

CR = 25




5192010 16



CR = [B] [M]



CR = 1400 550

CR = 25


5192010 17

Calculations



E = 8640 gallons



B = 5760 gallons

Make-Up M = E + B

M = 8640 + 5760

M = 14400 gallons

5192010 18



Before Adjusting

Cycles 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20

15 33 50 56 58 60 61 62 63 63 64 64 65

2 25 33 38 40 42 43 44 44 45 46 47

3 11 17 20 22 24 25 25 27 29 30

4 6 10 13 14 16 17 18 20 21

5 4 7 9 10 11 13 14 16

6 3 5 6 7 9 11 12

7 2 4 5 6 8 10

8 2 3 5 6 8

9 3 5 6

10 2 4 5

12 2 4

15 2





5192010 19



3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Concentration Ratio

Ap

pro

x T

ota

l Wa

ter

Co

ns

um

pti

on

pe

r 1

00

To

ns

of

Co

olin

g (

GP

D)


5192010 20

Calculating Savings



Percent conserved =



2(6-1)X 100 = 410 = 40

CR1 (CR2-1)X 100

CR2 ndash CR1

5192010 21






Use reclaimed water



5192010 22




Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning


washing


5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 7


5192010 8





Kitchen

Office

Miscellaneous

Irrigation


Heating Cooling

Leak detection



Staff input

5192010 9




Service address

Utility contact

Title

Age of facility

Building size

Operating hoursdays

Shifts per day

Cooling Tower size

Number of employees

Percent malefemale

Full Part time


Water source(s)

Billing class rates



5192010 10

Water Budget




Frequency of use




5192010 11

Water Budget

5192010 12




Replace showerheads





5192010 13

Heating and Cooling







5192010 14


LegendB Bleed Off

D Drift

E Evaporation

M Make-up

CR Concentration

ratio



5192010 15




M = 14400 gallons

B = 5760 gallons

CR = 14400 gal 5760 gal

CR = 25




5192010 16



CR = [B] [M]



CR = 1400 550

CR = 25


5192010 17

Calculations



E = 8640 gallons



B = 5760 gallons

Make-Up M = E + B

M = 8640 + 5760

M = 14400 gallons

5192010 18



Before Adjusting

Cycles 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20

15 33 50 56 58 60 61 62 63 63 64 64 65

2 25 33 38 40 42 43 44 44 45 46 47

3 11 17 20 22 24 25 25 27 29 30

4 6 10 13 14 16 17 18 20 21

5 4 7 9 10 11 13 14 16

6 3 5 6 7 9 11 12

7 2 4 5 6 8 10

8 2 3 5 6 8

9 3 5 6

10 2 4 5

12 2 4

15 2





5192010 19



3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Concentration Ratio

Ap

pro

x T

ota

l Wa

ter

Co

ns

um

pti

on

pe

r 1

00

To

ns

of

Co

olin

g (

GP

D)


5192010 20

Calculating Savings



Percent conserved =



2(6-1)X 100 = 410 = 40

CR1 (CR2-1)X 100

CR2 ndash CR1

5192010 21






Use reclaimed water



5192010 22




Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning


washing


5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 8





Kitchen

Office

Miscellaneous

Irrigation


Heating Cooling

Leak detection



Staff input

5192010 9




Service address

Utility contact

Title

Age of facility

Building size

Operating hoursdays

Shifts per day

Cooling Tower size

Number of employees

Percent malefemale

Full Part time


Water source(s)

Billing class rates



5192010 10

Water Budget




Frequency of use




5192010 11

Water Budget

5192010 12




Replace showerheads





5192010 13

Heating and Cooling







5192010 14


LegendB Bleed Off

D Drift

E Evaporation

M Make-up

CR Concentration

ratio



5192010 15




M = 14400 gallons

B = 5760 gallons

CR = 14400 gal 5760 gal

CR = 25




5192010 16



CR = [B] [M]



CR = 1400 550

CR = 25


5192010 17

Calculations



E = 8640 gallons



B = 5760 gallons

Make-Up M = E + B

M = 8640 + 5760

M = 14400 gallons

5192010 18



Before Adjusting

Cycles 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20

15 33 50 56 58 60 61 62 63 63 64 64 65

2 25 33 38 40 42 43 44 44 45 46 47

3 11 17 20 22 24 25 25 27 29 30

4 6 10 13 14 16 17 18 20 21

5 4 7 9 10 11 13 14 16

6 3 5 6 7 9 11 12

7 2 4 5 6 8 10

8 2 3 5 6 8

9 3 5 6

10 2 4 5

12 2 4

15 2





5192010 19



3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Concentration Ratio

Ap

pro

x T

ota

l Wa

ter

Co

ns

um

pti

on

pe

r 1

00

To

ns

of

Co

olin

g (

GP

D)


5192010 20

Calculating Savings



Percent conserved =



2(6-1)X 100 = 410 = 40

CR1 (CR2-1)X 100

CR2 ndash CR1

5192010 21






Use reclaimed water



5192010 22




Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning


washing


5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 9




Service address

Utility contact

Title

Age of facility

Building size

Operating hoursdays

Shifts per day

Cooling Tower size

Number of employees

Percent malefemale

Full Part time


Water source(s)

Billing class rates



5192010 10

Water Budget




Frequency of use




5192010 11

Water Budget

5192010 12




Replace showerheads





5192010 13

Heating and Cooling







5192010 14


LegendB Bleed Off

D Drift

E Evaporation

M Make-up

CR Concentration

ratio



5192010 15




M = 14400 gallons

B = 5760 gallons

CR = 14400 gal 5760 gal

CR = 25




5192010 16



CR = [B] [M]



CR = 1400 550

CR = 25


5192010 17

Calculations



E = 8640 gallons



B = 5760 gallons

Make-Up M = E + B

M = 8640 + 5760

M = 14400 gallons

5192010 18



Before Adjusting

Cycles 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20

15 33 50 56 58 60 61 62 63 63 64 64 65

2 25 33 38 40 42 43 44 44 45 46 47

3 11 17 20 22 24 25 25 27 29 30

4 6 10 13 14 16 17 18 20 21

5 4 7 9 10 11 13 14 16

6 3 5 6 7 9 11 12

7 2 4 5 6 8 10

8 2 3 5 6 8

9 3 5 6

10 2 4 5

12 2 4

15 2





5192010 19



3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Concentration Ratio

Ap

pro

x T

ota

l Wa

ter

Co

ns

um

pti

on

pe

r 1

00

To

ns

of

Co

olin

g (

GP

D)


5192010 20

Calculating Savings



Percent conserved =



2(6-1)X 100 = 410 = 40

CR1 (CR2-1)X 100

CR2 ndash CR1

5192010 21






Use reclaimed water



5192010 22




Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning


washing


5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 10

Water Budget




Frequency of use




5192010 11

Water Budget

5192010 12




Replace showerheads





5192010 13

Heating and Cooling







5192010 14


LegendB Bleed Off

D Drift

E Evaporation

M Make-up

CR Concentration

ratio



5192010 15




M = 14400 gallons

B = 5760 gallons

CR = 14400 gal 5760 gal

CR = 25




5192010 16



CR = [B] [M]



CR = 1400 550

CR = 25


5192010 17

Calculations



E = 8640 gallons



B = 5760 gallons

Make-Up M = E + B

M = 8640 + 5760

M = 14400 gallons

5192010 18



Before Adjusting

Cycles 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20

15 33 50 56 58 60 61 62 63 63 64 64 65

2 25 33 38 40 42 43 44 44 45 46 47

3 11 17 20 22 24 25 25 27 29 30

4 6 10 13 14 16 17 18 20 21

5 4 7 9 10 11 13 14 16

6 3 5 6 7 9 11 12

7 2 4 5 6 8 10

8 2 3 5 6 8

9 3 5 6

10 2 4 5

12 2 4

15 2





5192010 19



3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Concentration Ratio

Ap

pro

x T

ota

l Wa

ter

Co

ns

um

pti

on

pe

r 1

00

To

ns

of

Co

olin

g (

GP

D)


5192010 20

Calculating Savings



Percent conserved =



2(6-1)X 100 = 410 = 40

CR1 (CR2-1)X 100

CR2 ndash CR1

5192010 21






Use reclaimed water



5192010 22




Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning


washing


5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 11

Water Budget

5192010 12




Replace showerheads





5192010 13

Heating and Cooling







5192010 14


LegendB Bleed Off

D Drift

E Evaporation

M Make-up

CR Concentration

ratio



5192010 15




M = 14400 gallons

B = 5760 gallons

CR = 14400 gal 5760 gal

CR = 25




5192010 16



CR = [B] [M]



CR = 1400 550

CR = 25


5192010 17

Calculations



E = 8640 gallons



B = 5760 gallons

Make-Up M = E + B

M = 8640 + 5760

M = 14400 gallons

5192010 18



Before Adjusting

Cycles 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20

15 33 50 56 58 60 61 62 63 63 64 64 65

2 25 33 38 40 42 43 44 44 45 46 47

3 11 17 20 22 24 25 25 27 29 30

4 6 10 13 14 16 17 18 20 21

5 4 7 9 10 11 13 14 16

6 3 5 6 7 9 11 12

7 2 4 5 6 8 10

8 2 3 5 6 8

9 3 5 6

10 2 4 5

12 2 4

15 2





5192010 19



3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Concentration Ratio

Ap

pro

x T

ota

l Wa

ter

Co

ns

um

pti

on

pe

r 1

00

To

ns

of

Co

olin

g (

GP

D)


5192010 20

Calculating Savings



Percent conserved =



2(6-1)X 100 = 410 = 40

CR1 (CR2-1)X 100

CR2 ndash CR1

5192010 21






Use reclaimed water



5192010 22




Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning


washing


5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 12




Replace showerheads





5192010 13

Heating and Cooling







5192010 14


LegendB Bleed Off

D Drift

E Evaporation

M Make-up

CR Concentration

ratio



5192010 15




M = 14400 gallons

B = 5760 gallons

CR = 14400 gal 5760 gal

CR = 25




5192010 16



CR = [B] [M]



CR = 1400 550

CR = 25


5192010 17

Calculations



E = 8640 gallons



B = 5760 gallons

Make-Up M = E + B

M = 8640 + 5760

M = 14400 gallons

5192010 18



Before Adjusting

Cycles 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20

15 33 50 56 58 60 61 62 63 63 64 64 65

2 25 33 38 40 42 43 44 44 45 46 47

3 11 17 20 22 24 25 25 27 29 30

4 6 10 13 14 16 17 18 20 21

5 4 7 9 10 11 13 14 16

6 3 5 6 7 9 11 12

7 2 4 5 6 8 10

8 2 3 5 6 8

9 3 5 6

10 2 4 5

12 2 4

15 2





5192010 19



3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Concentration Ratio

Ap

pro

x T

ota

l Wa

ter

Co

ns

um

pti

on

pe

r 1

00

To

ns

of

Co

olin

g (

GP

D)


5192010 20

Calculating Savings



Percent conserved =



2(6-1)X 100 = 410 = 40

CR1 (CR2-1)X 100

CR2 ndash CR1

5192010 21






Use reclaimed water



5192010 22




Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning


washing


5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 13

Heating and Cooling







5192010 14


LegendB Bleed Off

D Drift

E Evaporation

M Make-up

CR Concentration

ratio



5192010 15




M = 14400 gallons

B = 5760 gallons

CR = 14400 gal 5760 gal

CR = 25




5192010 16



CR = [B] [M]



CR = 1400 550

CR = 25


5192010 17

Calculations



E = 8640 gallons



B = 5760 gallons

Make-Up M = E + B

M = 8640 + 5760

M = 14400 gallons

5192010 18



Before Adjusting

Cycles 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20

15 33 50 56 58 60 61 62 63 63 64 64 65

2 25 33 38 40 42 43 44 44 45 46 47

3 11 17 20 22 24 25 25 27 29 30

4 6 10 13 14 16 17 18 20 21

5 4 7 9 10 11 13 14 16

6 3 5 6 7 9 11 12

7 2 4 5 6 8 10

8 2 3 5 6 8

9 3 5 6

10 2 4 5

12 2 4

15 2





5192010 19



3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Concentration Ratio

Ap

pro

x T

ota

l Wa

ter

Co

ns

um

pti

on

pe

r 1

00

To

ns

of

Co

olin

g (

GP

D)


5192010 20

Calculating Savings



Percent conserved =



2(6-1)X 100 = 410 = 40

CR1 (CR2-1)X 100

CR2 ndash CR1

5192010 21






Use reclaimed water



5192010 22




Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning


washing


5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 14


LegendB Bleed Off

D Drift

E Evaporation

M Make-up

CR Concentration

ratio



5192010 15




M = 14400 gallons

B = 5760 gallons

CR = 14400 gal 5760 gal

CR = 25




5192010 16



CR = [B] [M]



CR = 1400 550

CR = 25


5192010 17

Calculations



E = 8640 gallons



B = 5760 gallons

Make-Up M = E + B

M = 8640 + 5760

M = 14400 gallons

5192010 18



Before Adjusting

Cycles 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20

15 33 50 56 58 60 61 62 63 63 64 64 65

2 25 33 38 40 42 43 44 44 45 46 47

3 11 17 20 22 24 25 25 27 29 30

4 6 10 13 14 16 17 18 20 21

5 4 7 9 10 11 13 14 16

6 3 5 6 7 9 11 12

7 2 4 5 6 8 10

8 2 3 5 6 8

9 3 5 6

10 2 4 5

12 2 4

15 2





5192010 19



3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Concentration Ratio

Ap

pro

x T

ota

l Wa

ter

Co

ns

um

pti

on

pe

r 1

00

To

ns

of

Co

olin

g (

GP

D)


5192010 20

Calculating Savings



Percent conserved =



2(6-1)X 100 = 410 = 40

CR1 (CR2-1)X 100

CR2 ndash CR1

5192010 21






Use reclaimed water



5192010 22




Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning


washing


5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 15




M = 14400 gallons

B = 5760 gallons

CR = 14400 gal 5760 gal

CR = 25




5192010 16



CR = [B] [M]



CR = 1400 550

CR = 25


5192010 17

Calculations



E = 8640 gallons



B = 5760 gallons

Make-Up M = E + B

M = 8640 + 5760

M = 14400 gallons

5192010 18



Before Adjusting

Cycles 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20

15 33 50 56 58 60 61 62 63 63 64 64 65

2 25 33 38 40 42 43 44 44 45 46 47

3 11 17 20 22 24 25 25 27 29 30

4 6 10 13 14 16 17 18 20 21

5 4 7 9 10 11 13 14 16

6 3 5 6 7 9 11 12

7 2 4 5 6 8 10

8 2 3 5 6 8

9 3 5 6

10 2 4 5

12 2 4

15 2





5192010 19



3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Concentration Ratio

Ap

pro

x T

ota

l Wa

ter

Co

ns

um

pti

on

pe

r 1

00

To

ns

of

Co

olin

g (

GP

D)


5192010 20

Calculating Savings



Percent conserved =



2(6-1)X 100 = 410 = 40

CR1 (CR2-1)X 100

CR2 ndash CR1

5192010 21






Use reclaimed water



5192010 22




Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning


washing


5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 16



CR = [B] [M]



CR = 1400 550

CR = 25


5192010 17

Calculations



E = 8640 gallons



B = 5760 gallons

Make-Up M = E + B

M = 8640 + 5760

M = 14400 gallons

5192010 18



Before Adjusting

Cycles 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20

15 33 50 56 58 60 61 62 63 63 64 64 65

2 25 33 38 40 42 43 44 44 45 46 47

3 11 17 20 22 24 25 25 27 29 30

4 6 10 13 14 16 17 18 20 21

5 4 7 9 10 11 13 14 16

6 3 5 6 7 9 11 12

7 2 4 5 6 8 10

8 2 3 5 6 8

9 3 5 6

10 2 4 5

12 2 4

15 2





5192010 19



3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Concentration Ratio

Ap

pro

x T

ota

l Wa

ter

Co

ns

um

pti

on

pe

r 1

00

To

ns

of

Co

olin

g (

GP

D)


5192010 20

Calculating Savings



Percent conserved =



2(6-1)X 100 = 410 = 40

CR1 (CR2-1)X 100

CR2 ndash CR1

5192010 21






Use reclaimed water



5192010 22




Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning


washing


5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 17

Calculations



E = 8640 gallons



B = 5760 gallons

Make-Up M = E + B

M = 8640 + 5760

M = 14400 gallons

5192010 18



Before Adjusting

Cycles 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20

15 33 50 56 58 60 61 62 63 63 64 64 65

2 25 33 38 40 42 43 44 44 45 46 47

3 11 17 20 22 24 25 25 27 29 30

4 6 10 13 14 16 17 18 20 21

5 4 7 9 10 11 13 14 16

6 3 5 6 7 9 11 12

7 2 4 5 6 8 10

8 2 3 5 6 8

9 3 5 6

10 2 4 5

12 2 4

15 2





5192010 19



3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Concentration Ratio

Ap

pro

x T

ota

l Wa

ter

Co

ns

um

pti

on

pe

r 1

00

To

ns

of

Co

olin

g (

GP

D)


5192010 20

Calculating Savings



Percent conserved =



2(6-1)X 100 = 410 = 40

CR1 (CR2-1)X 100

CR2 ndash CR1

5192010 21






Use reclaimed water



5192010 22




Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning


washing


5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 18



Before Adjusting

Cycles 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20

15 33 50 56 58 60 61 62 63 63 64 64 65

2 25 33 38 40 42 43 44 44 45 46 47

3 11 17 20 22 24 25 25 27 29 30

4 6 10 13 14 16 17 18 20 21

5 4 7 9 10 11 13 14 16

6 3 5 6 7 9 11 12

7 2 4 5 6 8 10

8 2 3 5 6 8

9 3 5 6

10 2 4 5

12 2 4

15 2





5192010 19



3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Concentration Ratio

Ap

pro

x T

ota

l Wa

ter

Co

ns

um

pti

on

pe

r 1

00

To

ns

of

Co

olin

g (

GP

D)


5192010 20

Calculating Savings



Percent conserved =



2(6-1)X 100 = 410 = 40

CR1 (CR2-1)X 100

CR2 ndash CR1

5192010 21






Use reclaimed water



5192010 22




Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning


washing


5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 19



3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Concentration Ratio

Ap

pro

x T

ota

l Wa

ter

Co

ns

um

pti

on

pe

r 1

00

To

ns

of

Co

olin

g (

GP

D)


5192010 20

Calculating Savings



Percent conserved =



2(6-1)X 100 = 410 = 40

CR1 (CR2-1)X 100

CR2 ndash CR1

5192010 21






Use reclaimed water



5192010 22




Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning


washing


5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 20

Calculating Savings



Percent conserved =



2(6-1)X 100 = 410 = 40

CR1 (CR2-1)X 100

CR2 ndash CR1

5192010 21






Use reclaimed water



5192010 22




Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning


washing


5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 21






Use reclaimed water



5192010 22




Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning


washing


5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 22




Use dry powders for

carpet cleaning


washing


5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 23










5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 24








impervious surfaces



5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 25




the water main




5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 26










5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 27









5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

5192010 28







Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

Thank You

For more info


1-800-423-1476 ext 4214

Education

Water conservation in professional office buildings