Contrast Language and Error Analysis

Dipthongs, Sylabic and Plosive

Plosive

Sylabic

Dipthongs

OUR TOPIC

/n/ and /l/

Vowels

Monophthongs Diphthongs Triphthongs

ENGLISH SOUNDS ARE VOWELS AND CONSONANTS

DIPTHONGS

Definition :

English Dipthongs :

A sound formed by the combination of two vowels in a single syllable.

ai au oiBahasa Dipthongs :

Indonesian Diphthongs“ai” becomes “e”

Indonesian Diphthongs“ai” becomes “e”

Indonesian Diphthongs “au” becomes “o”

3 Dipthongs that Indonsian tend to missronounce

May

FareRareCare

PhoneGo

Raid

So

Play

SYLLABIC CONSONANTS

Syllabic Consonants "l", "m", "n", and "ng'

A sylabic consonants is a phonetic element that normally

patterns as a consonant, but may fill a vowel slot in a syllable

Definition

Syllabic / / and / / typically occur in ḷ ṇan unstressed syllable immediately following the alveolar consonants, /t/, /s/, /z/, as well as /d/.

Examples:bottle / b :ˈ ɑ tḷ/, cattle / kæˈ tḷ/ , cotton / k :ˈ ɑ tṇ;/, button / bˈ ʌtṇ/.listen / lˈ ɪsṇ/, fasten / fæˈ sṇ/, risen / rˈ ɪzṇ/, prison / prˈ ɪzṇ/saddle / sæˈ dḷ/, poodle / pu:ˈ dḷ/ sadden / sæˈ dṇ/, burden / bˈ ɚdṇ/

SYLLABIC / l / and / l / folowed by other consonants.

Syllabic /ḷ/ can also follow /st/ or plain /n/ or /nt/

Examples:pistol / pˈ ɪstḷ/tunnel / tˈ ʌnḷ/mantle / mæˈ ntḷ/

PLOSIVEDefinitio

n

English plosives:

Bilabials : /p, b/

Alveolar : /t, d/

Velars : /k, g/

Plosives: Oral stopsThe air is stopped completely in the oral cavity for a brief period.Then it explodes with the release of the closure, producing loud-enough noise to be heard.

Bilabials: /p, b/• /p/ is Voiceless, Bilabial, Plosive.

Party → /ˈpɑː.ti/ speak → /spiːk/ lip → /lɪp/

• /b/ is Voiced, Bilabial, Plosive.

bird → /bɜːd/ abandon → /əˈbæn.dən/ cab → /kæb/

Plosive Consonants

Alveolar: /t, d/• /t/ is Voiceless, Alveolar, Plosive.

tea → /tiː/ heater → /ˈhiː.tə/ cut → /kʌt/

• /d/ is Voiced, Alveolar, Plosive.drive → /draɪv/ edit → /ˈed.ɪt/

bed → /bed/

Plosive Consonants

Velars: /k, g/• /k/ is Voiceless, Velar, Plosive.

cat → /kæt/ action → /ˈæk.ʃən/ book → /bʊk/

• /g/ is Voiced, Velar, Plosive.gift → /gɪft/ eagle → /ˈiː.gl A/ egg → /eg/

Plosive Consonants

Phonemic Chart Consonant

Reference

• Chițoran, Ioana (2002b), "The phonology and morphology of Romanian diphthongization", Probus 14 (2): 205–246

• Brown, R., A First Language: The Early Stages, US: Harvard University Press, 1973.

• James, Carl., Contrastive Analysis. UK: Longman, London. 1980.• Lado, R., Linguistics across Cultures, Michigan: University of

Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, 1957.• Sampson, G., The Form of Language, London: Wedenfeld &

Nicholson, 1975.• Saussure, F.de., Course in General Linguistics, New York:

McGraw Hill, New York. 1959.

THANK YOU

Name : Dewi Kumala SariClass : S6CNPM : 201212500539Dosen :

Mr.Syahyuri,S.S.,M.Pd

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