The Ideological Positioning of the Spanish Press The Ideological Positioning of the Spanish Press in Relation to Catholicism: in Relation to Catholicism:

A Content Analysis of News Related with World Youth Day 2011A Content Analysis of News Related with World Youth Day 2011

PSA MEDIA & POLITICS CONFERENCEPSA MEDIA & POLITICS CONFERENCEUNIVERSITY OF BEDFORDSHIREUNIVERSITY OF BEDFORDSHIRE

• Rafael Repiso - ESCO rafael.repiso@gmail.com• Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Pinto - ESCO

marp@escogranada.com• Francisco García García - ESCO fghenche@gmail.com

INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES

• Analysis, classification and grouping of the principal media and news agencies according with their political filiation, and being able to determine their positions regarding WYD through the content analysis of the negative terms used in the coverage of the event.

To this end we employ two different statistical techniques: Multidimensional Scaling and Hierarchical Ascendant Classification.

INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

CATHOLICISM AND POLITICS GROUPS IN SPAINCATHOLICISM AND POLITICS GROUPS IN SPAIN

INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

CATHOLICISM AND POLITICS GROUPS IN SPAINCATHOLICISM AND POLITICS GROUPS IN SPAIN

INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

World Youth Day 2011 World Youth Day 2011

INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

World Youth Day 2011 in Press World Youth Day 2011 in Press

INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

World Youth Day 2011 in Press World Youth Day 2011 in Press

INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

Proccess

Parts Effects

1. Seeking News about World Youth Day

2. Extraction of negative terms in newsWe can observe the most problematic topics

3. Creation of a Co-Word Graphs.They show the central value of each negative terms

4. Creation of Similarity Matrix between Newspapers

We can observe the most similar newspapers.

5. Similarity Matrix, creation of a Muldtidimensional Scaling

We can see similarity and cluster of news

6. Simmilitude Matrix, creation of a Hierarchical Ascendant Classification

Another form to see groups of similar newspress.

INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

Rk. Newspaper Nº News Distribution

1 La Razon 283 1651482 ABC 232 3265843 El Mundo 189 3837134 Gaceta Negocios 175 891515 estrelladigital.es 82 --6 La Verdad Murcia 76 404787 Diario EL PAIS, S.A. 74 4734078 Ideal 68 366759 La Voz de Cadiz 65 9637

10 La Rioja 59 1698611 La Voz Galicia 58 11151812 El Norte de Castilla 55 3702713 Público 55 13240914 Diario Sur 54 3492915 El Progreso 53 1830716 El Diario Montañés 52 3986417 Ultima Hora 51 4049218 El Correo 50 12266319 Diario de Las Palmas 49 --20 El Diario de Sevilla 49 23172

Rank. Word Freq. Rank. Word Freq.

28 Laica (Laic) 200 370Heridos

(Wounded)31

38 Policía (Police) 164 388Laicista

(Secularist)30

89Manifestantes

(Protesters)92 451 Cargas (Charges) 26

106Indignados (Outraged)

81 554Violencia (Violence)

23

136Detenido (Arrested)

67 615 Protestar (Protest) 21

137 Laicos (Laic) 67 627Antipapa (Pope-

opposers)20

256 Anti (Opposers) 40 647Laicismo

(Secularism)20

339Incidentes (Incidents)

33 671Antidisturbios

(Crowd control)19

364Tensión

(Tension)32 834 Abusos (Abuse) 16

367 Ateos (Atheists) 31 850 Disturbios (riots) 16

People opposers to the event

INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

Rk NewspapersLaica (laic)

Policía (police

)

Manifestantes (Protesters)

Indignados (Outraged)

Detenido (Arreste

d)

Laicos (Laic)

Anti (Opposers)

Incidentes (Incidents)

Tensión (Tensio

n)

Ateos (Atheis

ts)

1 La Razón 3 13 0 20 0 0 0 0 1 1

2 ABC 3 4 0 8 1 1 0 3 0 03 El Mundo 2 9 2 7 1 1 2 1 2 0

4 Gaceta Negocios 1 2 0 3 0 1 0 0 0 2

5 estrelladigital.es 13 4 6 1 4 2 0 3 2 36 La Verdad Murcia 2 6 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1

7 EL PAIS, S.A. 14 3 3 3 4 3 2 3 1 1

8 Ideal 0 3 3 1 0 1 0 0 1 19 La Voz de Cádiz 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1

10 La Rioja 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1

11 La Voz Galicia 1 2 3 0 0 1 0 1 1 0

12El Norte de Castilla

3 5 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1

13 Público 2 4 5 1 4 2 0 0 0 014 Diario Sur 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 115 El Progreso 6 3 3 0 7 0 0 0 0 0

16El Diario Montañés

0 3 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1

17 Ultima Hora 3 4 4 0 0 5 0 0 0 4

18 El Correo 0 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1

19Diario de Las Palmas

4 4 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

20El Diario de Sevilla

2 4 2 0 1 1 1 0 0 0

EFE 12 7 3 3 6 3 0 1 0 0

Europa Press 69 39 18 20 21 11 0 13 9 3

Distribution of negative words according to the most productive newspapers

INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

1 La Razon 1 0,897 0,892 0,824 -0,124 0,695 0,010 0,318 0,056 0,270 -0,067 0,271 0,079 -0,030 -0,089 0,532 -0,081 0,150 0,213 0,201 0,223 0,279

2 ABC 0,897 1 0,725 0,704 0,024 0,540 0,230 0,037 0,000 0,062 -0,130 0,192 0,000 -0,163 -0,016 0,234 -0,199 0,000 0,181 0,067 0,334 0,399

3 El Mundo 0,892 0,725 1 0,615 -0,090 0,845 -0,019 0,529 0,089 0,448 0,219 0,534 0,285 0,036 0,010 0,724 0,018 0,292 0,443 0,543 0,292 0,339

4 Gaceta Negocios 0,824 0,704 0,615 1 -0,061 0,639 0,019 0,262 0,469 0,491 -0,213 0,277 -0,063 0,287 -0,189 0,527 0,280 0,416 0,188 0,086 0,170 0,205

5 estrelladigital.es -0,124 0,024 -0,090 -0,061 1 0,210 0,899 0,000 0,401 -0,096 0,362 0,498 0,388 0,289 0,713 -0,146 0,353 -0,143 0,737 0,431 0,828 0,874

6 La Verdad Murcia 0,695 0,540 0,845 0,639 0,210 1 0,191 0,503 0,518 0,715 0,240 0,842 0,307 0,386 0,194 0,772 0,323 0,513 0,695 0,718 0,504 0,549

7 Diario EL PAIS, S.A. 0,010 0,230 -0,019 0,019 0,899 0,191 1 -0,283 0,356 -0,204 0,081 0,377 0,206 0,197 0,650 -0,310 0,151 -0,192 0,648 0,330 0,872 0,898

8 Ideal 0,318 0,037 0,529 0,262 0,000 0,503 -0,283 1 0,186 0,550 0,774 0,491 0,598 0,183 -0,035 0,838 0,579 0,453 0,463 0,598 0,025 0,052

9 La Voz de Cadiz 0,056 0,000 0,089 0,469 0,401 0,518 0,356 0,186 1 0,739 0,087 0,659 0,089 0,816 0,110 0,421 0,797 0,760 0,595 0,435 0,445 0,433

10 La Rioja 0,270 0,062 0,448 0,491 -0,096 0,715 -0,204 0,550 0,739 1 0,224 0,690 0,230 0,603 -0,093 0,830 0,662 0,935 0,439 0,568 0,123 0,085

11 La Voz Galicia -0,067 -0,130 0,219 -0,213 0,362 0,240 0,081 0,774 0,087 0,224 1 0,521 0,625 0,106 0,160 0,462 0,517 0,197 0,611 0,617 0,217 0,282

12 El Norte de Castilla 0,271 0,192 0,534 0,277 0,498 0,842 0,377 0,491 0,659 0,690 0,521 1 0,352 0,605 0,294 0,664 0,525 0,542 0,882 0,810 0,596 0,671

13 Público 0,079 0,000 0,285 -0,063 0,388 0,307 0,206 0,598 0,089 0,230 0,625 0,352 1 -0,109 0,692 0,350 0,426 0,203 0,560 0,724 0,550 0,410

14 Diario Sur -0,030 -0,163 0,036 0,287 0,289 0,386 0,197 0,183 0,816 0,603 0,106 0,605 -0,109 1 -0,039 0,459 0,586 0,620 0,444 0,246 0,245 0,306

15 El Progreso -0,089 -0,016 0,010 -0,189 0,713 0,194 0,650 -0,035 0,110 -0,093 0,160 0,294 0,692 -0,039 1 -0,142 0,075 -0,168 0,517 0,510 0,817 0,695

16 El Diario Montañés 0,532 0,234 0,724 0,527 -0,146 0,772 -0,310 0,838 0,421 0,830 0,462 0,664 0,350 0,459 -0,142 1 0,504 0,711 0,451 0,583 0,063 0,093

17 Ultima Hora -0,081 -0,199 0,018 0,280 0,353 0,323 0,151 0,579 0,797 0,662 0,517 0,525 0,426 0,586 0,075 0,504 1 0,726 0,588 0,520 0,279 0,243

18 El Correo 0,150 0,000 0,292 0,416 -0,143 0,513 -0,192 0,453 0,760 0,935 0,197 0,542 0,203 0,620 -0,168 0,711 0,726 1 0,354 0,457 0,085 0,010

19 Diario de Las Palmas 0,213 0,181 0,443 0,188 0,737 0,695 0,648 0,463 0,595 0,439 0,611 0,882 0,560 0,444 0,517 0,451 0,588 0,354 1 0,877 0,804 0,842

20 El Diario de Sevilla 0,201 0,067 0,543 0,086 0,431 0,718 0,330 0,598 0,435 0,568 0,617 0,810 0,724 0,246 0,510 0,583 0,520 0,457 0,877 1 0,637 0,590

21 EFE 0,223 0,334 0,292 0,170 0,828 0,504 0,872 0,025 0,445 0,123 0,217 0,596 0,550 0,245 0,817 0,063 0,279 0,085 0,804 0,637 1 0,958

22 Europa Press 0,279 0,399 0,339 0,205 0,874 0,549 0,898 0,052 0,433 0,085 0,282 0,671 0,410 0,306 0,695 0,093 0,243 0,010 0,842 0,590 0,958 1

Similitude Matrix. Newspapers

INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

Clustering of newspapers and agencies by negative terms. Multidimensional Scaling

INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

Dendrogram of newspapers by negative terms used

INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

Conclusions

The data show that newpapers ABC, La Razón, El Mundo, and La Gaceta de los Negocios are the biggest producers of news pieces about WYD

Frequency analysis shows, as it could be expected, that the majority of the most frequent terms are very representative of the event. The negative terms analysed cannot be related to elements belonging to the organisation of the event but to elements outside the event.

Thanks to MDS we can find out how newspapers are grouped and located on the plane. Above the axis of abscissas, we can find mainly newspapers belonging to the centre, centre-right, and right. They show a positive alignment with the event and a negative attitude towards the groups that caused the public disturbances.

Multidimensional Scaling illustrates which of the newspapers can be found near to the centre, and therefore which of them are the most representative of all newspapers. In this case, that place is occupied by local newspapers El Norte de Castilla and Diario de Sevilla and also by the news agencies.

Conclusions

Clustering analysis is a complement to Multidimensional Scaling and it helps to define better the perception of clustering than MDS, particularly regarding the elements on the borders of groups, like La Voz de Galicia and Público. Clustering analysis divides the newspapers into three main components: most regional and local newspapers are together in a big group, most of the progressive newspapers form other component along with news agencies, and yet another group is formed by conservative newspapers, exhibiting a favourable view of WYD

INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

The Ideological Positioning of the Spanish Press The Ideological Positioning of the Spanish Press in Relation to Catholicism: in Relation to Catholicism:

A Content Analysis of News Related with World Youth Day 2011A Content Analysis of News Related with World Youth Day 2011

Thank you for your AttentionThank you for your Attention

• Rafael Repiso - ESCO rafael.repiso@gmail.com• Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Pinto - ESCO

marp@escogranada.com• Francisco García García - ESCO fghenche@gmail.com