Tefl20130709 12key

英語科教育法ⅡJuly 9th, 2013

WATARI [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

Opening small talk

Feedback

第12回内容理解活動

• Feedback• Teaching grammar (cont.)

• Task•Guiding reading comprehension

•Assignment

「意味順」英語学習法

• 英語は配置のことば

• John gave Mary a present.

• John gave a present Mary. ???

• ジョンはメアリーにプレゼントをあげた。

• ジョンはプレゼントをメアリーにあげた。

• He moved very slowly.

• His song moved→us.


Step 1: 日本語を「意味」に変換する

Step 2: 「意味」を意味順フォルダに入れる

Step 3: 「意味」を英語で表す


Task

Task

• Write a SVO sentence with past tense. 過去形

Task

• Feel the telepathy and write a to-infinitival clause to follow the previous sentence.

Task

• Make a sentence by telepathy!

• Work in pairs. You can’t show your handout to each other.

• Write a story to make the sentence its solution with your partners.

• with more than 5 sentences.

Task

Understanding the paragraph

• (1) Which paragraph do you think is better? Why?

• ( A / B ) is better because ...• all of the sentences are about one topic.

• the violin family of instruments


• A is a good paragraph.

• There are several instruments in the violin family. The violin is the most popular. It is an important instrument in the classical orchestra. It is also played in jazz and country music groups. The cello and the viola have the same shape as a violin, but they are bigger. They are used mostly in classical music. The biggest stringed instrument is the bass. It’s so big you have to stand up when you play it. The bass is played in classical orchestras, and it is also often played in jazz groups.


• B is not a good paragraph.

• Violins are made of wood. The best old pianos were made in Germany. Musicians spend a lot of time practicing. Sometimes they play for eight hours a day. Most violinists stand up when they play alone. Taking music lessons can be expensive. The kind of wood in a violin is important. Many famous musicians started to study at an early age.


• (2) In this paragraph, the topic is bicycles. What is the author’s main idea about bicycles?

• In some parts of the world, ...

• a) Bicycles are cheaper than cars.

• b) The transportation which do not need gas is better.

• c) Bicycles are good for transportation.


• (2) In this paragraph, the topic is bicycles. What is the author’s main idea about bicycles?

• a) Bicycles are cheaper than cars.

• →too specific；狭過ぎ，細か過ぎ，具体的過ぎ

• b) The transportation which do not need gas is better.

• →too general；漠然とし過ぎ，抽象的過ぎ

• c) Bicycles are good for transportation.


• Topic sentence(トピック・センテンス)

• 書き手が主張しようとしていること(main idea主旨)を述べる

• パラグラフの最初の位置に来ることが断然多い（最後や中ほどに来ることもある）

• Support sentence(s)(サポート・センテンス)

• 主旨をより詳しく説明，描写したり，例を挙げたり，他のものと比較したり，原因や理由を述べたりする


• e.g. (1) A.

• MI: There are several instruments in the violin family.

• The violin is the most popular.

• The cello and the viola have the same shape as a violin(,)

• The biggest stringed instrument is the bass.

•  The$structure$of$paragraphs$(8)text’)$

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Guiding reading comprehension

• 読解ストラテジーの指導・活用

• 文レベルの読解ストラテジー

• 文章レベルの読解ストラテジー

• Graphic Organizerの活用

• 発問の活用

• 学習者の状態やテキスト・タイプに応じて，発問の提示・要約・図表による整理を行う

Guiding reading comprehension読解ストラテジーの指導・活用


• 語彙のストラテジー

• 統語のストラテジー

• 意味のストラテジー



• 語彙のストラテジー

• 1. 未知の語の前後の語，および文脈から推測

• 2. 語の成り立ちの知識の活用

• 3. （最後の手段として）辞書を引く

• Exercise 1 & 2


• 語彙のストラテジー: Exercise 1

• [1] Would a judge who decides that a defendant is guilty acquit the prisoner?

• [2] Would an abolitionist have wanted to emancipate slaves?

• [3] Would an optometrist survey a person’s eyesight?


• 語彙のストラテジー: Exercise 2

• discomfort

• predictable

• impossible

• apparently

• uninterested



• The argle zoolked the bordiddy in the ershent because the bordiddy larped the argle.

• [1] Who zoolked the bordiddy?

• [2] Why did the argle zoolk the bordiddy in the ershent?

• [3] What did the bordiddy do to the argle?



• 1. 機能語を手がかりとする: 冠詞，前置詞，時制を伴う助動詞，関係代名詞，従属接続詞

• 2. 別の標識がない限り，最初の節は主節と考える

• 3. 構文的知識: so … that, too … toなど

• Exercise 1



• Exercise 1

• [1] My uncle (who works in a bank) came to see us yesterday.

• [2] I bought a book (Professor Smith recommended in the class).


• 意味のストラテジー

• 1. 内容語を手がかりとする

• 2. 最初の名詞-動詞-名詞＝動作主-動作-目的

• 3. 節が2つあれば左から時間順に起きたもの

• 4. 特に標識がない限り，旧情報が新情報に先行する



• 予備的な読み＆読み方の種別

• テキスト構造のスキーマ

• テキスト内容のスキーマ

• テキストの手がかり（Signaling）




• skimming: 走り（大意）読み

• scanning: 探し（検索）読み

• intensive reading: 精密読み

• extensive reading: 広範読み・多読




• 物語型

• 状況・場面（setting）: Characters, Place, Time

• エピソード（episode）: Problem, Goal, Events, Ending




• 論説型: 主題を中心とする階層的構造

• Topic sentence: 書き手の持つ中心的見解を述べるもの

• Support sentence(s): 主題についての支持・補充（解説・例証・比較・因果関係・反例等）





• テキスト内容のスキーマ

• テキストの手がかり（Signaling）

Guiding reading comprehensionGraphic Organizerの活用

Assignment

• テキスト(1)第16章に目を通しておく。

Closing small talk

Education

Tefl20130709 12key